Enhancement of Soft Soil Behaviour by using Floating Bottom Ash Columns

Razieh Moradi,Aminaton Marto,Ahmad Safuan A Rashid,Mohammad Moeen Moradi,Abideen Adekunle Ganiyu,Mohamad Hafeezi Abdullah,Suksun Horpibulsuk 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.6

The current disposition worldwide is for sustainable construction, and the application of by-products is one of the ways to achieve it. In this research, bottom ash was used as a substitute material in a granular column to decrease settlement and enhance the bearing capacity of soft soil. Bottom ash is a derivate of the coal burning process, it has similar engineering properties to sand and fine gravel. A set of reduced scale physical modelling tests were performed on floating bottom ash columns to assess the improvement in the bearing capacity of the composite ground. The results clearly showed that the bearing capacity of the model soil was greatly improved with the installation of bottom ash column sand. There was an obvious enhancement of the load capacity of the granular columns when they were encased. The usage of bottom ash instead of aggregate or sand for granular columns will reduce the project cost and it aligns with the goal of sustainable construction development.

Computational investigation of the comparative analysis of cylindrical barns subjected to earthquake

Yousef Zandi,Mahdi shariati,Aminaton Marto,Xing Wei,Zeki Karaca,Duy Kien Dao,Ali Toghroli,Mir Heydar Hashemi,Yadollah Sedghi,Karzan Wakil,Majid Khorami 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.28 No.4

The structural behaviors of cylindrical barns as a specific engineering structure have been considered as a complicated computing process. The structure design against the earthquake load, to protect by using the code, is an urgency avoiding unexpected damages. The situation has been subjected to the applied design method if there would be no failure across the construction procedures. The purpose of the current study is to clarify the behaviors of cylindrical reinforced concrete barns through the analytic methods across the mass and Lagrangian approaches through the whole outcomes comparison indicating that the isoparametric element obtained from the Lagrangian approach has been successfully applied in the barns earthquake analysis when the slosh effects have been discarded. The form of stress distributions is equal with <i>s_z</i> closed distributions to one another.

Utilization of Recycled Tiles and Tyres in Stabilization of Soils and Production of Construction Materials – A State-of-the-Art Review

Mohammed Ali Mohammed Al-Bared,Aminaton Marto,Nima Latifi 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.10

Tile waste is found in several forms including manufacturing slurry, manufacturing dust, and solid pieces from cracked, smashed, and rejected tiles at the construction sites. Worn out tyres that are no longer safe to be used by vehicles are either discarded or burned, adversely impacting natural ecosystems. These wastes are non-degradable and have a direct environmental impact. Poor waste management can lead to hazardous pollution, reduced soil fertility, and increased space consumption at disposal sites. The massive and increasing volume of the tile and tyre wastes calls for recycling of the materials for economical reuse, cleaner production, and greener development. One area for beneficial reuse of these waste materials is the improvement of engineering properties in soft soil. Structures on soft soils may experience several forms of damage due to insufficient bearing capacity and excessive settlement. Hence, soil stabilization is often necessary to ensure that the soft soil can meet the engineering requirements for stability. A comprehensive review of the published literature on the use of recycled tyres and tiles to stabilize and enhance soft soils was carried out. The properties of soft soil-waste mixtures such as liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, compaction behaviour, unconfined compressive strength, and California Bearing Ratio have been presented. When used as partial replacement of cement, sand, and aggregate in concrete, the effect of tyre and tile waste on workability, durability, and compressive strength of the concrete has also been presented. Recycled tiles and tyres have been used with or without any other admixtures to sustainably improve the strength and bearing capacity of soil. The suitability of recycled tiles and tyres in soil stabilization has been discussed with regard to enhancement of strength and reduction of settlement. In addition, the beneficial effects of the recycled tiles and tyres, when they partially replace cement, sand or stone in concrete, have been discussed.

Investigation of pipe shear connectors using push out test

Saeed Nasrollahi,Shervin Maleki,Mahdi Shariati,Aminaton Marto,Majid Khorami 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.27 No.5

Mechanical shear connectors are commonly used to transfer longitudinal shear forces across the steel-concrete interface in composite beams. Steel pipe as a new shear connector is proposed in this research and its performance to achieve composite strength is investigated. Experimental monotonic push-out tests were carried out for this connector. Then, a nonlinear finite element model of the push-out specimens is developed and verified against test results. Further, the finite element model is used to investigate the effects of pipe thickness, length and diameter on the shear strength of the connectors. The ultimate strengths of these connectors are reported and their respective failure modes are discussed. This paper comprises of the push-out tests of ten specimens on this shear connector in both the vertical and horizontal positions in different reinforced concretes. The results of experimental tests are given as load-deformation plots. It is concluded that the use of these connectors is very effective and economical in the medium shear demand range of 150-350 KN. The dominant failure modes observed were either failure of concrete block (crushing and splitting) or shear failure of pipe connector. It is shown that the horizontal pipe is not as effective as vertical pipe shear connector and is not recommended for practical use. It is shown that pipe connectors are more effective in transferring shear forces than channel and stud connectors. Moreover, based on the parametric study, a formula is presented to predict the pipe shear connectors' capacity.

Shear Strength and Compressibility Behaviour of Lime-treated Organic Clay

Nor Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus,Dariusz Wanatowski**,,Norhidayah Abdul Hassan,Aminaton Marto 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.20 No.5

Apart from strength characteristics, a review of studies on the compressibility of lime-treated soils is equally important that influenced the stability of soil structures. Due to the fact that no study has been carried out, an investigation on the effects of humic acid on strength and compressibility behaviour of lime-stabilised organic clay is presented in this paper. Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and oedometer tests were carried out at different curing periods of 7, 28 and 90 days. Consolidation data was analysed in terms of changes in void ratio (e), volumetric strain (ε1), compression index (Cc), and coefficient of consolidation (cv) which defines a soil’s compressibility. The results showed a similar behaviour when compared to both tests. It can be conclude that the cementation bonding was associated with the fabric arrangement of soil structures.

Micro-Level Analysis of Marine Clay Stabilised with Polyurethane

Samaila Saleh,Nor Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus,Kamarudin Ahmad,Nazri Ali,Aminaton Marto 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.24 No.3

Soil stabilisation is one type of ground improvement technique regarded as effective in minimising foundation problems associated with marine clay (MC). In this paper, in-depth micro-level analysis was conducted on MC stabilised with 8% Polyurethane (PU). The effectiveness of PU as a stabiliser was evaluated using unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests and one-dimensional consolidation tests. Mineralogy of MC was studied using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Furthermore, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) were used to discern the roots of improvement in the strength of MC. The result of XRD analysis identified the presence of Quartz, Montmorillonite, Calcite and Clinochlore. FESEM results discovered that MC showed crumpled, curled and flaked soil particles that have a fuzzy arrangement and cusp-like crystals in a joined fashion. The contact among the particles is surface-to-surface and surface-to-edge. The PU foam was composed of intramolecular closed cells that are non-homogeneous, non-identical, and of inconsistent average diameters of about 2.3 μm. Finally, EDX results revealed that O, C, Si, Al, Fe and N are the elements that contributed more than 96% of the composition of MC and PU.