Pathophysiology and Grading of the Ventral Displacement of Dorsal Spinal Cord Spectrum

Amarnath Chellathurai,Suhasini Balasubramaniam,Sathyan Gnanasihamani,Sukumar Ramasamy,Jayamani Durairajan 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.2

Study Design: A retrospective study of the ventral displacement of dorsal spinal cord (VDDSC) spectrum pathophysiology and grading. Purpose: This study aimed at examining the pathophysiology of VDDSC between D3 and D7, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) correlation and severity grading. Overview of Literature: The pathologies that lead to VDDSC were previously discussed in various articles. We attempted to group these pathological conditions under a single spectrum, and grade them according to their severity. Methods: We reviewed the MRI images of the dorsal spines of 1,350 patients over a period of 4 years (February 2013–February 2017); all MRI images were analyzed by two experienced radiologists. Results: Of the 1,350 patients, 28 exhibited VDDSC between D3 and D7. Additional findings included ventral transdural herniation of the spinal cord (n=10), anterior spinal cord adhesion (n=7), arachnoid web (n=6), and arachnoid cyst (n=5). Conclusions: We grouped the pathologies that lead to VDDSC at the thoracic level into a single spectrum of varying severity and graded VDDSC, from mild to severe.

Dorsal Spinal Ligamentum Flavum Thickening: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Amarnath Chelladurai,Suhasini Balasubramaniam,Sarenya Preyah Anbazhagan,Sathyan Gnanasihamani,Sukumar Ramaswami 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.1

Study Design: A retrospective radiological study of the ligamentum flavum (LF). Purpose: We determined the relationship of dorsal spinal LF thickening with age and sex using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We also determined whether LF thickening has a predominant tendency to occur at a specific dorsal level and on a specific side. Overview of Literature: Many researchers have studied LF thickness at dorsal levels in patients with compressive myelopathy. However, there is a dearth of literature pertaining to the study of dorsal LF thickness in patients without myelopathy. Methods: LF thickness was measured at dorsal levels from T1 to T12 on both sides using MRI in 100 individuals. The patients were divided into three groups based on age: 20 to 40, 41 to 60, and >60 years. On axial T2-weighted imaging at the mid-disc level, LF thickness was measured perpendicular to the lamina border, either at half the length of LF or at maximum thickness, whichever was greater. Results: We found that LF thickness does not increase significantly with increasing age and there was no significant disparity in LF thickness between the sides and sexes. We also found that there was a significant increase in LF thickness at the T10–T11 level (mean value, 3.27±0.94 mm). Conclusions: LF thickness does not appear to have any side/sex dominance. LF thickening has a predominant tendency to occur specifically at the T10–T11 level. This may be due to maximum tensile strength and mobility at this level. Because there is an increased tendency for LF thickening at the T10–T11 level, this may be used as a reference point for counting the vertebral levels.

2 Axes Solar Tracking System for Vertical Aquarium

Amarnath varma Angani,Kyoo Jae Shin 한국정보기술학회 2016 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2016 No.6

Segmental Spinal Dysgenesis–“Redefined”

Amarnath Chellathurai,,Balaji Ayyamperumal,Rajakumari Thirumaran,Gopinathan Kathirvelu,Priya Muthaiyan,Sivakumar Kannappan 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.2

Study Design: Retrospective single institutional observational study. Purpose: Segmental spinal dysgenesis (SSD), a complex spinal dysraphic state caused by notochord malformation disorders, is named after its morphological presentation where a spine segment is dysgenetic, malformed or absent. This study’s objective was to examine and reassess SSD imaging findings and correlate them with an embryological explanation. Overview of Literature: Scott and his colleagues defined SSD as segmental agenesis or dysgenesis of the lumbar or thoracolumbar vertebrae and underlying spinal cord. Tortori-Donati and his colleagues defined it as a morphologic continuum ranging from hypoplasia to an absent spinal cord segment. Methods: Fifteen children, whose imaging findings and clinical features were consistent with SSD, were included in the study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed per institutional spine protocol. Results: Five children (33.3%) presented with a high-ending bulbous cord with no caudal segment, six (40%) presented with a dorsal or lumbar segmental dysgenetic cord with a low-lying, bulky caudal cord but without significant spinal canal narrowing, and four (26.6%) presented with segmental caudal dysgenesis with severe kyphoscoliosis, gibbus deformity, and spinal canal narrowing with a normal distal segment (normal or low-lying). Conclusions: SSD is a complex spinal anomaly in children requiring clinical-radiological assessment followed by multidisciplinary management based on the extent and severity of the dysgenetic cord and the type of SSD. MRI plays a crucial role in both diagnosing and classifying SSD prior to surgical treatment to prevent further impairment.

Nanohybridization of Low-Dimensional Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Classification, and Application

Amarnath, C.A.,Nanda, S.S.,Papaefthymiou, G.C.,Yi, D.K.,Paik, U. CRC PRESS LLC 2013 CRITICAL REVIEWS IN SOLID STATE AND MATERIALS SCIE Vol.38 No.1

Development of Hot Water Storage System Using Wasted Hot Water

Amarnath Varma Angani,Kyoo Jae Shin,Hee Tae Chung 한국정보기술학회 2017 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2017 No.6

This paper mainly concerns about the hot water storage system (HSS) of wasted hot water and the purpose of this proposed system are to reduce the cost and save the wasted thermal energy. The main concept of this project is to recycle the wasted hot water , which is produced from the power plants. This hot water after delivered from power plants to the aquarium which is used to aquaculture. It can be achieved by the thermal energy management system and it is a solution to utilize various energy systems more effectively. The process of hot water is to maintain constant thermal equilibrium temperature of water in the fish farm that is suitable to live fish. These days, aqua industries are spending more money to heat the water as well as it produces pollution and other end thermal power plants discharge the wasted hot water directly into the ocean, it causes thermal pollution. The basic components of this system are heat delivery system made with phase change material (PCM), cylindrical tank and fin type tube. From this, the phase change material is used to keep the thermal energy until reach the destination from power plants through fin tube. The experimental result of heat storage and delivery system has been satisfied to install on the site.

Novel Electroluminescent Polymer Derived from Pyrene-Functionalized Polyaniline

Amarnath, Chellachamy Anbalagan,Kim, Hyoung-Kun,Yi, Dong-Kee,Lee, Sang-Hyup,Do, Young-Rag,Paik, Un-Gyu Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.5

A solution processable polymer was synthesized, by incorporating pyrene groups into the backbone of the polyaniline chain, and used as an emissive layer in an organic light emitting diode. The polyaniline base was reacted with acid chloride of pyrene butyric acid to form pyrene-functionalized polyaniline chains. The source of pyrene moiety was acid chloride of pyrene butyric acid. The formation of polymer from acid chloride of pyrene butyric acid and polyaniline was confirmed by the FTIR and $^1H$-NMR spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed high glass transition temperature of 210 $^{\circ}C$. Due to the presence of pyrene moieties in the backbone, the polyaniline synthesized in the present study is solution processable with light emitting property. The photoluminescence spectrum of the polymer revealed that emission lies in the blue region, with a peak at 475 nm. The light emitting device of this polymer exhibits the turn-on voltage of 15 V.

Inhibition of Nicotine-Induced Toxicity by Curcumin and Curcumin Analog: A Comparative Study

M. Amarnath Satheesh,Venugopal P. Menon 한국식품영양과학회 2004 Journal of medicinal food Vol.7 No.4

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of curcumin and curcumin analog on blood oxi-dantantioxidant status during nicotine-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Lung toxicity was induced by subcutaneous in-jection of nicotine at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg of body weight (5 days a week, for 22 weeks). The enhanced circulatory lipid per-oxides in nicotine-treated rats was accompanied by a significant decrease in the levels of ascorbic acid, vitamin E, reducedglutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. There was a reduction in the levels of zinc with anelevation of copper and ferritin in nicotine-treated rats. Administration of curcumin and curcumin analog significantly low-ered the lipid peroxidation and enhanced the antioxidant status with modulation in the levels of zinc, copper, and ferritin.However, the effect was more significant in curcumin analog-treated rats than in curcumin-treated rats. The results of the pres-ent study suggest that curcumin and curcumin analog exert their protective effects by modulating the extent of lipid peroxi-dation and enhancing the antioxidant status.

Novel Electroluminescent Polymer Derived from Pyrene-Functionalized Polyaniline

Chellachamy Anbalagan Amarnath,Hyoung Kun Kim,이동기,이상협,도영락,백운규 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.5

A solution processable polymer was synthesized, by incorporating pyrene groups into the backbone of the polyaniline chain, and used as an emissive layer in an organic light emitting diode. The polyaniline base was reacted with acid chloride of pyrene butyric acid to form pyrene-functionalized polyaniline chains. The source of pyrene moiety was acid chloride of pyrene butyric acid. The formation of polymer from acid chloride of pyrene butyric acid and polyaniline was confirmed by the FTIR and ^1H-NMR spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed high glass transition temperature of 210 ^oC. Due to the presence of pyrene moieties in the backbone, the polyaniline synthesized in the present study is solution processable with light emitting property. The photoluminescence spectrum of the polymer revealed that emission lies in the blue region, with a peak at 475 nm. The light emitting device of this polymer exhibits the turn-on voltage of 15 V.

Single component crystalline core/amorphous shell structured Nickel Cobaltite electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

( Thangavel Sivagurunathan Amarnath ),김도형 한국공업화학회 2023 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2023 No.1