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Cosmic-ray positron fraction measurement from 1 to 30 GeV with AMS-01
AMS-01 Collaboration,Aguilar, M.,Alcaraz, J.,Allaby, J.,Alpat, B.,Ambrosi, G.,Anderhub, H.,Ao, L.,Arefiev, A.,Azzarello, P.,Baldini, L.,Basile, M.,Barancourt, D.,Barao, F.,Barbier, G.,Barreira, G.,Bat North-Holland Pub. Co 2007 Physics letters: B Vol.646 No.4
A measurement of the cosmic ray positron fraction e<SUP>+</SUP>/(e<SUP>+</SUP>+e<SUP>-</SUP>) in the energy range of 1-30 GeV is presented. The measurement is based on data taken by the AMS-01 experiment during its 10 day Space Shuttle flight in June 1998. A proton background suppression on the order of 10<SUP>6</SUP> is reached by identifying converted bremsstrahlung photons emitted from positrons.
Myths and Misconceptions around Antibiotic Resistance: Time to Get Rid of Them
Amábile-Cuevas Carlos F. 대한감염학회 2022 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.54 No.3
The antibiotic resistance arena is fraught with myths and misconceptions, leading to wrong strategies to combat it. It is crucial to identify them, discuss them in light of current evidence, and dispel those that are unequivocally wrong. This article proposes some concepts that may qualify as misconceptions around antibiotic resistance: the susceptible–resistant dichotomy; that incomplete antibiotic courses cause resistance; that resistance “emerges” in patients and hospitals; that antibiotics are mostly abused clinically; that resistance is higher in countries that use more antibiotics; that reducing antibiotic usage would reduce resistance; that financial incentives would “jumpstart” research and development of antibiotics; that generic and “original” antibiotics are the same; and that new anti-infective therapies are just around the corner. While some of these issues are still controversial, it is important to recognize their controversial status, instead of repeating them in specialized literature and lectures and, especially, in the planning of strategies to cope with resistance.
The impact of a firm’s transparent manufacturing practices on women fashion shoppers
Amélia Brandão,Mahesh Gadekar,Francisco Cardoso 한국마케팅과학회 2018 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.9 No.4
Many fashion brands have responded to a transparent fashion industry to prevent unethical manufacturing practices. Firms are evaluating suppliers more carefully as fashion consumers are showing more concern and shopping with the social consciousness of sweatshops. Prior studies have examined the relationship between transparency and purchase intention; however, little is known about women fashion consumers. Because women show more participation in proenvironment behavior and activism than men and information about suppliers is highly valued, we examined women’s perception toward firms’ transparency of suppliers’ manufacturing practices. Structural modeling was employed for hypotheses testing for 411 women fashion consumers in a South-western European country. The proposed model provides the satisfactory explanation for transparency as an antecedent of brand trust among women consumers. The study reports that consumer attitude toward the brand acts as mediator between transparency and purchase intention. The results suggest that transparency has a significant and positive relationship with trust, attitude and word-of-mouth intention; however, it does not have significant relation to purchase intention. Trust has a positive and significant relation with word-of-mouth communication; however, it does not have a significant relation to purchase intention. Implications for researchers and marketers and direction for future studies are suggested.
EXAMINING THE ANTECEDENTS OF TWEENS´ BRAND PREFERENCE FOR MOBILE NETWORK CHOICE DECISIONS
Amélia Brandão,Mariana Figueirdeo,Mahesh Gadekar 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07
This research was conducted to examine factors affecting tweens´ brand preference for mobile network choice decisions. The results suggest that mobile network providers’ attributes, satisfaction and perceived risk have significant impact on brand preference. Further, tweens´ choices are more likely to be affected by the choices of other people within their local (district) geographic area.
Chronic Toxicity, Genotoxic Assay, and Phytochemical Analysis of Four Traditional Medicinal Plants
América Castañeda Sortibrán,María Guadalupe Ordaz Téllez,Verónica Muñoz Ocotero,Marco Antonio Carballo-Ontiveros,Angélica Méndez García,Rocio Jimena Jiménez Valdés,Elizabeth Romero Gutiérrez,Rosario R 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.9
Four medicinal plants—Tecoma stans, Ligusticum porteri, Monarda austromontana, and Poliomintha longiflora, which are distributed in tropical and subtropical countries of the American continent—are widely used in folk medicine to treat diseases such as diarrhea and dysentery. In addition, T. stans and P. longiflora are extensively used as hypoglycemic agents, and M. austromontana and P. longiflora are used as condiments. The plants were collected, identified, dried, and pulverized. Solvent extraction was prepared by maceration of the plant samples, and the phytochemical composition of the extracts was determined by using standard analysis procedures. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of triterpenoids/steroids, flavonoids, and phenols/tannins and, in L. porteri, traces of alkaloids. After the elimination of solvents in vacuo, the extracts were administrated to Drosophila larvae to test their toxicity and genotoxicity. Third instar larvae were chronically fed with the phytoextracts. The extract from L. porteri was toxic, whereas those from T. stans, P. longiflora, and M. austromontana were not. Genotoxic activities of the 4 plants were investigated by using the wing-spot assay of D. melanogaster. Mitomycin C was used as a positive control. No statistically significant increase was observed between treated sample series and a concurrent negative (water) or solvent control sample series.
Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante,Sandra Maria Mendes de Moura Dantas,Aracelli de Sousa Leite,Leomá Albuquerque Matos,João Marcelo de Castro e Sousa,Jaqueline Nascimento Picada,Juliana da Silva 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.7
Cashew apple juice and cajuina (processed juice) are drinks widely consumed in northeast Brazil. In vitro studies have shown that both juices have antimutagenic activity as well as antioxidant effects. These juices contain vitamins, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. This in vivo study assessed the antigenotoxic and anticlastogenic effects of both drinks against genotoxicity and mutagenicity induced by cyclophosphamide. The comet, micronucleus, and chromosome aberrations tests were used. Male Swiss mice were divided into 6 groups (5 animals per group) and received the following by gavage, 0.15 mL/10 g body weight: group 1, water; group 2, cashew apple juice; group 3, cajuina juice; group 4, cashew apple juice and cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg); group 5, cajuina juice and cyclophosphamide; group 6: cyclophosphamide. Both drinks significantly reduced DNA damage of peripheral blood cells (P<.001), with modulation percentages of 60.82% (cashew apple juice) and 82.19% (cajuina) when compared with the cyclophosphamide group. Cashew apple juice and cajuina modulated cyclophosphamide-induced micronucleus frequency, with up to 80.0% inhibition. Cashew apple juice and cajuina decreased the average number of cells with chromosome aberrations in bone marrow of mice by 53% and 65%, respectively. These findings demonstrate the high antigenotoxic and anticlastogenic potential of cashew apple juice and cajuina in vivo, which can be related to the antioxidant compounds found in both drinks.