Sintering Effects on Structure, Morphology, and Electrical Properties of Sol-Gel Synthesized, Nano-Crystalline Erbium Oxide

Allah Bakhsh,Asghari Maqsood 대한금속·재료학회 2012 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.8 No.6

The nano-crystalline erbium oxide powder was synthesized through the sol-gel technique. The effect of sintering temperature from 250°C to 1400°C on structure, morphology, and electrical properties was studied. The results were compared with the microcrystalline erbium oxide purchased from the market. The synthesized erbium oxide showed fiber like nanostructures. Dielectric properties at different sintering temperatures were measured in the frequency range 100 Hz to 5MHz. The synthesized erbium oxide had the highest dielectric constant at 650°C. The behavior of the dissipation factor tan δ for sol-gel synthesized material was distinct from that of the purchased material; it was higher at low frequencies and then decreased with the increase in frequency. The synthesized material sintered at different temperatures exhibited a similar sort of frequency-dependent response for permittivity ( ) and resistivity (ρ). This was in accordance with Koop’s theory of dielectrics. For the microcrystalline material, frequency dependence of permittivity and resistivity was not uniform. The results showed that sol-gel synthesized erbium oxide could be a good candidate for high-k applications.

Evaluation of Rheological and Sensory Characteristics of Plant-Based Meat Analog with Comparison to Beef and Pork

Allah Bakhsh,Se-Jin Lee,Eun-Yeong Lee,Young-Hwa Hwang,Seon-Tea Joo 한국축산식품학회 2021 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.41 No.6

This study explored the physicochemical, textural, and sensorial properties of a meat analog (MA) as compared to beef and pork meats. Results illustrate that MA patties had lower moisture, fat, and protein content, as well as higher ash and crude fiber than beef and pork. Likewise, MA patties had a higher pH, lightness (L*), and redness (a*) than either beef or pork. Pork meat exhibited the highest released water (RW) and cooking loss (CL) values, followed closely by MA with beef displaying the lowest values. Regardless of patty type, the post-cooking diameter patties were reduced significantly (p<0.05). However, the Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), hardness, chewiness, and gumminess of beef were significantly higher than that of either pork or MA. The visible appearance of MA patties had more porous and loose structures before and after cooking. Consequently, based on sensory parameters, MA patties demonstrated the higher values for appearance and firmness, followed by beef and pork respectively, although the difference was not statistically significant. Therefore, the current study demonstrated that some physicochemical, textural, and sensory characteristics of beef and pork exhibited the most similarity to MA.

Experimental and numerical evaluation of rigid connection with reduced depth section

Allah Reza Moradi Garoosi,Mehrzad Tahamouli Roudsari,Behrokh Hosseini Hashemi 국제구조공학회 2020 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.34 No.6

After medium or strong earthquakes, damage in the reduced portion of RBS connections occurs due to plastic deformations. The purpose of this paper is to numerically and experimentally investigate the reduced depth section connection as a replaceable fuse. In this regard, three commonly used rigid connections with RBS, a replaceable fuse with RBS, and a replaceable fuse with Reduced Depth Section (RDS-F) were evaluated. All specimens were subjected to quasi-static cyclic load until failure. Although the final strength of the RDS-F is lower than that of the other two, laboratory results showed that it had the maximum ductility among the three samples. The numerical models of all three laboratory samples were constructed in ABAQUS, and the results were verified with great accuracy. The results of more than 28 numerical analyses showed that the RDS-F sample is more ductile than the other specimens. Moreover, the thickness of the web and the plastic section modulus increasing, the final strength would be equal to the other specimens. Therefore, the modified RDS-F with replaceability after an earthquake can be a better alternative for RBS connections.

Comparison of Blood Loss and Meat Quality Characteristics in Korean Black Goat Subjected to Head-Only Electrical Stunning or without Stunning

Allah Bakhsh,Ishamri Ismail,Young-Hwa Hwang,Jung-Gyu Lee,Seon-Tea Joo 한국축산식품학회 2018 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.38 No.6

This study assessed the effects of non-stunning (NS) and head-only electrical stunning (HOES) slaughtering condition on meat quality traits of longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle from Korean black goat (KBG). Ten KBGs (18 months) were assigned into two groups and exposed to either NS or HOES treatments. Blood loss (BL) % was measured after exsanguination, and meat quality traits including muscle pH, meat color measurements (CIE L*, a*, b*, Chroma, and hue angle), water-holding capacity (WHC), Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), and sarcomere length were measured at 24 h postmortem. Results indicated that NS and HOES had no significant difference on BL %, the rate of pH decline, meat color properties, and WHC (p>0.05). It has only a small effect on WBSF and sarcomere length values, but the difference was marginal. These results suggested that meat quality of LL muscle from goat might not be affected by slaughter methods because neither NS nor HOES did result in poor quality of meat.

Initiation, proliferation, and improvement of a micropropagation system for mass clonal production of banana through shoot-tip culture

Allah Jurio Khaskheli,Muharam Ali,Syad Zakir Hussain Shah,Zohra Fatima Memon,Saleem Awan,Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli,Mohsin Ali Khaskheli,Bilqees Magsi,Zareen Qambrani,Asad Ali Khaskheli 한국식물생명공학회 2021 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.48 No.2

The present study aimed to evaluate the initiation, proliferation potential, and mass clonal production ability of a micropropagation system for banana through tissue culture. A total of 60 explants were cultured on basal media supplemented with various concentrations of BAP and NAA. Banana plants regenerated on MS basal medium (control) without the addition of BAP + NAA showed a significantly (P < 0.05) lower survival rate with no signs of shoots up to the end of the experimental period. The results further revealed that the performance in MSS-XI medium was almost 89%, followed by MSS-IX and MSS-X media, both of which showed performance up to 88%. In contrast, the performance in the MSS-XVI medium was less than 60%, at the less duration of time and highly shoot induction detected at MSS-XIII medium. The maximum number of shoots (4.9) was observed in the medium supplemented with growth adjuster MSS-XI, followed by the MSS-XII medium (4.5). Surprisingly, the best performance was observed for the MSR-VII medium approximately 16 days after initiation, while the lowest performance was observed with MSR-XI (approximately 31 days). The maximum rooting percentage (98%) was observed in the MSR-V to MSR-VIII media (98%), while the minimum rooting percentage was observed in MSR-XI (approximately 45%)

Traditional Plant-based Meat Alternatives, Current, and Future Perspective: A Review

Allah Bakhsh,Se-Jin Lee,Eun-Yeong Lee,Young-Hwa Hwang,Seon-Tea Joo 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2021 농업생명과학연구 Vol.55 No.1

It is well known that the world population is increasing at an incredible pace; subsequently, worldwide food production without compromising the ecosystem is an enormous challenge for the global community. From the beginning of human civilization, meat plays a vital role in acquiring proteins and other nutrients. Despite the indispensable part of the meat in the human diet, it is also considered a critical factor in environmental alterations, greenhouse gas emissions, animal welfare, and land water usage. The excessive use of natural resources and extensive animal production causes greenhouse gas emissions, which triggered reduced meat consumption and the need for more novel meat alternatives. To overcome the extraordinary demand for red meat, the phenomena of meat alternatives or meat substitutes evolved. Subsequently, meat analogs express a higher trend with low cost, safe consumption, and meaty structure and texture. Meat substitutes are predominantly vegetable centered food products that comprise proteins from pulses, cereal, microorganisms, and other fillers and flavorings mediators. Moreover, Meat products with texturized vegetable protein, mushroom, wheat gluten, pulses are considered an excellent source of as a substitute for animal protein. Additionally, mycoprotein had an impressive profile, including higher protein, low fat, health-promoting agents, with good taste and texture. However, there remains a gap in research articles focusing on the regular consumption of meat substitutes. In the current review, an attempt has been made to summarize various types of meat substitutes, different protein sources, production preparation methods, nutritional, functional properties, including current and future perspectives of meat alternatives.

Introducing new rigid I-beam to box column connections by using a stiffened channel link

Allah Reza Moradi Garoosi,Mehrzad Tahamouli Roudsari,Morteza Torkaman,Shahab Bonyadirad,Ali Saeedmanesh,Khalil soleimani,Hosein Reza Lotfi,Roya Jowkar,Ali Alipour 국제구조공학회 2021 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.41 No.4

The aim of this study is to present a new and suitable connection for I-shaped beams and box columns that is both constructionally convenient to implement and reliable in terms of its performance. Six full-scale experimental samples were constructed and subjected to cyclic Quasi-static loading. The first sample included an I-shaped beam which was directly connected to a box column, the second sample incorporated a channel link, and stiffened channel links were used in the remaining four samples. The results show that compared to the direct connection, using the stiffened channel link significantly improves the performance of the connection and increases its ultimate strength and ductility by 58% and 70%, respectively. Also, these connections satisfy the code-specified criteria for special moment resisting frames. They are therefore a suitable detail for rigid I-shaped-beam-to-box-column connections in seismically active regions.

Synthesis of thin diamond films from faceted nanosized crystallites

Sobia Allah Rakha,Shumin Yang,Zhoutong He,Ishaq Ahmed,Dezhang Zhu,Jinlong Gong 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.3

Diamond films consist of crystallites having nanometer grains were deposited using low methane concentration by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). The results show that films consist of nanodiamond grains with grain sizes ranging from 20 nm to 200 nm having thickness dependent size. Increasing the deposition time, the grain size increases and hence the hickness of the film increases. The diamond nucleation (nucleation density 1010 cm-2) is comparable to that obtained by biasing the substrate. The use of low methane concentration for the formation of nano crystallites improves the quality of the film as indicated by Raman spectroscopy. The distance between the filament and substrate is increased while maintaining the substrate temperature. The effects of this large separation on the gas phase chemistry are discussed which helps to understand the reduced size of the crystallites under input gas ratios when microcrystallines are obtained. Diamond films consist of crystallites having nanometer grains were deposited using low methane concentration by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). The results show that films consist of nanodiamond grains with grain sizes ranging from 20 nm to 200 nm having thickness dependent size. Increasing the deposition time, the grain size increases and hence the hickness of the film increases. The diamond nucleation (nucleation density 1010 cm-2) is comparable to that obtained by biasing the substrate. The use of low methane concentration for the formation of nano crystallites improves the quality of the film as indicated by Raman spectroscopy. The distance between the filament and substrate is increased while maintaining the substrate temperature. The effects of this large separation on the gas phase chemistry are discussed which helps to understand the reduced size of the crystallites under input gas ratios when microcrystallines are obtained.

Effects of N2 addition on nanocrystalline diamond films by HFCVD in Ar/CH4 gas mixture

Sobia Allah Rakha,Zhou Xintai,Dezhang Zhu,Yu Guojun 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.1

Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films were grown on silicon substrates by hot filament chemical vapor deposition in Ar/N2/CH4 gas mixtures. The effects of seeding process prior to deposition, the total gas pressure, and concentration of nitrogen on the grain size, morphology and bonding nature in HFCVD technique were investigated. The results indicated that a low total gas pressure is favorable for nanosized diamond crystallites. Films micrograph obtained from scanning electron microscopy showed diamond nanograins elongated with the addition of nitrogen in the plasma. Crystal structure investigations were carried out by X-ray diffraction measurements for deposited films. An increase in the size of crystallite is also observed from XRD measurements in NCD film when nitrogen was added in plasma. From Raman spectra, it was observed that the relative intensity of G peak increases indicating more graphite content after nitrogen added in the plasma. The effects of the nitrogen incorporation in nanocrystalline films in HFCVD are discussed.

Developing Strategy: A Guide For Nurse Managers to Manage Nursing Staff's Work-related Problems

Gab Allah Amal Refaat,Elshrief Hayam Ahmed,Ageiz Marwa Hassan 한국간호과학회 2020 Asian Nursing Research Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess nursing staff's work-related problems as perceived by their managers and thereafter develop strategies that would serve as a guide for nurse managers to manage these problems. Methods: A descriptive research design was used. The participants included in the study consisted of the following two groups: Group 1da convenience sample of 150 first-line managers working at three different hospitals; and Group 2da panel of experts for the Delphi technique, selected using the Snowball sampling technique. Tools for data collection included the following: Tool 1dquestionnaire about nursing staff's problems; Tool 2dDelphi technique to develop strategies for managing nursing staff's problems; and Tool 3dopinionnaire format. Results: The recruited first nurse managers were of the opinion that job stress, work overload, conflict, workplace violence, poor performance, staff turnover, demotivation, lack of empowerment, and staff absenteeism were among the common problems faced by staff nurses at work. Conclusion: From the expert panelists’ perspectives, the newly developed strategy in this study was considered valid; the researchers recommend the strategy developed in this study to be universalized in different health care settings and used as a guide for nurse managers.