지식기반 사회의 평생교육: UP 방송통신 대학에서의 새로운 경향을 중심으로

Alexander APEC국제교육협력원 2009 국제교육협력연구지 Vol.2 No.2

본 연구는 신흥 글로벌 대학교로써 필리핀 대학의 가상 캠퍼스이자 5번째 구성 단위인 필리핀 개방대학(UPOU)을 중심으로 지식기반 시대의 평생교육에 관한 새로운 경향에 대해 조사한 연구이다.필리핀 개방대학(UPOU)의 경험을 기반으로 본다면, 평생 학습은 본래 온라인 학습의 영향을받을 것임이 분명하다. 새로운 시대의 온라인 학습은 확장적이며 학습자 중심이 될 것이다. 그것은 교수자와 튜터의 개념을 멘토와 코치의 개념으로 대체할 것이다. 게다가 신 시대에서의평생 학습은 지리학적, 규율적, 그리고 유형적 경계간의 흔들림을 보여 줄 것이다. 국제어로서의 영어에 대한 통용 등으로 초국가적 교육이 더욱 지배적일 것이다. 또한 지식 분야간 경계들은 허물어질 것이다. 특정 노동시장의 요구를 반영한 특별한 프로그램의 형태를 지닌 초지식적융합교육이 부상하게 될 것이다. 직업교육의 기초, 고등, 기술 교육과 같이 형식적 교육, 비형식적 교육 그리고 무형식 교육 간의 엄격한 경계들은 이러한 교육의 형태들 사이의 밀접한 소통에 따라 이제는 허물어질 것이다. 더욱이 프로그램들은 다양한 시작점과 종료점을 보일 것이다.자유입학제도, 자유 교육기간, 그리고 학습자원에 대한 공개 등과 같은 교육관리적 접근에서 뚜렷하게 나타날 개방교육은 또 하나의 새로운 경향이다. 게다가 유비쿼터스 환경은 평생 학습에서 주요 경향이 될 것이다. 학습은 넷북과 이동전화와 같은 단말기와 클라우드 컴퓨팅, 그리고WiFi와 WiMAX 서비스 등을 통해서 언제 어디서든 일어날 수 있는 것이다.마지막으로, 본 연구지를 통해 평생 학습 수요자들의 변화에 관한 이야기를 나누고자 한다. 이전에는 평생 학습의 기회들이 교육에의 접근이 근본 이슈였던 외곽 지역의 극빈자들을 위한 것이었다. 평생학습은 교육의 기회가 동등히 부여되지 않았던 소외층, 과년(過年)층, 그리고 여성들을 대상으로 하여왔다. 이제는 새로운 전달 체제의 결과로써 부유층, 전문가, 그리고 고등 교육자들이 소외층보다 더 많이 평생 학습의 기회를 활용하고 있다. This paper presents emerging perspectives on lifelong education in this new knowledge era from an emerging global university, the UP Open University, the fifth constituent unit and cyber campus of the University of the Philippines system. Based on UPOU’s experience, lifelong learning will primarily be influenced by online learning. Online learning in the new era will be scalable and learner-centered. It will make use of mentors and coaches instead of instructors and tutors. Furthermore, lifelong learning in the new era will see a blurring of geographical, disciplinal and modal boundaries. With the global adoption of a lingua franca, English, transnational education will become predominant. Boundaries between and among discipline will likewise dissolve. Transdisciplinary education in the form of specialized programs that address specific workplace needs will become the norm. Strict boundaries between formal, nonformal and informal education; between basic, higher and technical vocational education will cease to exist with the provision of ladders, bridges and pathways between these educational modes. Additionally, programs will have multiple entry points and exit points. Another emerging trend is Open Education, which may manifest itself in educational governance approaches such as: open admissions; open ended timeframes for programs; and open access learning resources. Additionally, ubiquity will become a major trend in lifelong learning. One can learn at any place in any time with: mobile devices such as netbooks and mobile phones; cloud computing; and WiFi/ WiMAX services. Lastly, the paper establishes the shift on lifelong learning clientele. Before lifelong learning opportunities were targeted at the poorest of the poor, living in remote areas, where access is a primary issue. Lifelong learning was for the marginalized, the overaged and women whose cultures denied them equal access. Now, as a result of the emerging delivery systems the well off, the professional and the advanced student now avail of lifelong learning opportunities more than the marginalized

Log-concavity and zeros of the Alexander polynomial

Alexander Stoimenow 대한수학회 2014 대한수학회보 Vol.51 No.2

We show that roots of log-concave Alexander knot polyno- mials are dense in C. This in particular implies that the log-concavity and Hoste’s conjecture on the Alexander polynomial of alternating knots are (essentially) independent.

LOG-CONCAVITY AND ZEROS OF THE ALEXANDER POLYNOMIAL

Stoimenow, Alexander Korean Mathematical Society 2014 대한수학회보 Vol.51 No.2

We show that roots of log-concave Alexander knot polynomials are dense in C. This in particular implies that the log-concavity and Hoste's conjecture on the Alexander polynomial of alternating knots are (essentially) independent.

Willful Blindness About Indigenous Peoples: The Democratic Deficit and Canadian Public Policy Making

C. J. Alexander(C. J. Alexander ),Mallory Crew(Mallory Crew ) 한국캐나다학회 2011 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.17 No.1

Public policy officials, elected and appointed, continue to ignore the value dimensions of public policy making in ways that profoundly impact the individual and collective lives of Indigenous peoples in Canada. The au-thors examine two policy fields—health and communications—to highlight the peril of ignoring Indigenous cultural contexts. They conclude that the overarching policy of wilful blindness to Indigenous values, ways of being, and knowledge systems represents a continuation of the colonial mindset that has persisted since settlers arrived.

Progressive lysosomal membrane permeabilization induced by iron oxide nanoparticles drives hepatic cell autophagy and apoptosis

Levada Kateryna,Pshenichnikov Stanislav,Omelyanchik Alexander,Rodionova Valeria,Nikitin Aleksey,Savchenko Alexander,Schetinin Igor,Zhukov Dmitry,Abakumov Maxim,Majouga Alexander,Lunova Mariia,Jirsa Mi 나노기술연구협의회 2020 Nano Convergence Vol.7 No.17

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) are frequently used in various biomedical applications, in particular as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents in liver imaging. Indeed, number of IONs have been withdrawn due to their poor clinical performance. Yet comprehensive understanding of their interactions with hepatocytes remains relatively limited. Here we investigated how iron oxide nanocubes (IO-cubes) and clusters of nanocubes (IO-clusters) affect distinct human hepatic cell lines. The viability of HepG2, Huh7 and Alexander cells was concentration-dependently decreased after exposure to either IO-cubes or IO-clusters. We found similar cytotoxicity levels in three cell lines triggered by both nanoparticle formulations. Our data indicate that different expression levels of Bcl-2 predispose cell death signaling mediated by nanoparticles. Both nanoparticles induced rather apoptosis than autophagy in HepG2. Contrary, IO-cubes and IO-clusters trigger distinct cell death signaling events in Alexander and Huh7 cells. Our data clarifies the mechanism by which cubic nanoparticles induce autophagic flux and the mechanism of subsequent toxicity. These findings imply that the cytotoxicity of ION-based contrast agents should be carefully considered, particularly in patients with liver diseases.

A Rule-Based Algorithm for Common Pilot Channel and Antenna Tilt Optimization in UMTS FDD Networks

Alexander Gerdenitsch,Stefan Jakl,Yee Yang Chong,Martin Toeltsch 한국전자통신연구원 2004 ETRI Journal Vol.26 No.5

In this paper we address the problem of capacity optimization in a Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) radio network. We present an optimization algorithm for finding the best settings of the antenna tilt and common pilot channel power of the base stations. This algorithm is a parametric method, based on a set of rules. We evaluated our optimization technique on a virtual network scenario with 75 cells. For this scenario we show an increase in capacity compared to the initial settings of about 60 percent.

COMPARING FULLY COUPLED AND WEAKLY COUPLED REDUCTION BASIS APPLIED TO THERMO-DYNAMICAL STRUCTURES

Alexander M. Steenhoek,Daniel J. Rixen,Phillippe Nachtergaele 한국소음진동공학회 2008 한국소음진동공학회 국제학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.7

Star Shirt Appliqué

Alexander Ruth 한국디자인학회 2022 한국디자인학회 국제초대전도록 Vol.2022 No.9

Association Between Burnout and Intention to Emigrate in Peruvian health-care Workers

Alexander Anduaga-Beramendi,Renato Beas,Jesus Maticorena-Quevedo,Percy Mayta-Tristán 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.1

Background: Emigration of health-care workers is a problem within global health systems which affects many countries, including Peru. Several factors have caused health-care workers to emigrate, including burnout syndrome (BS). This study aims to identify the association between BS and its dimensions with the intention of physicians and nurses to emigrate from Peru in 2014. Methods: A cross-sectional study, based on a secondary analysis of the National Survey of Health Users (ENSUSALUD - 2014) was conducted. Sampling was probabilistic, considering the 24 departments of Peru. We include the questionnaire for physicians and nurses, accounting for 5062 workers. BS was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) was calculated using multiple logistic regression. Results: Of the study population, 44.1% were physicians, 37.7% males, and 23.1% were working in Lima. It was found that 2.8% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.19e3.45] of health-care workers had BS. The overall prevalence of intention to emigrate among health-care workers was 7.4% (95% CI: 6.36e8.40). Association was found between BS and intention to emigrate in Peruvian health-care workers (OR ¼ 2.15; 95% CI: 1.05e4.40). Emotional exhaustion was the BS dimension most associated with intention to emigrate (OR ¼ 1.80; 95% CI: 1.16e2.78). Conclusion: Physicians and nurses from Peru who suffered from BS were more likely to have intention to emigrate. Policies should be established to reduce BS as a strategy to control “brain drain” from healthcare workers of Peru.

The Impacts of Counterfeiting on Corporate Investment

Alexander Cuntz,Yi Qian 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2021 Journal of Economic Development Vol.46 No.2

This study uses a unique international database on customs seizures between the years 2011 to 2013 and matched corporate statistics to study the impacts of counterfeiting on authentic corporations’ investment and revenues. Applying the matched sampling combined with panel analyses, we attempt to estimate the effects counterfeit incidences have on corporate research investment and on firm sales and revenues (“sales displacement”) in various industries. We find an overall negative effects on the R&D and net sales across various regression specifications, with a rare positive effect documented in the regression for the broad sector of tools, materials, and vehicles (HS code 8).