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Discourses on Diversity in Medieval Interpretation of the Qur’ān
( Alena Kulinich ) 한국이슬람학회 2019 한국이슬람학회논총 Vol.29 No.2
References to historical conceptions of diversity in the Islamic tradition have become an important part of modern debates about Islam, tolerance, and pluralism. While the concepts of ikhtilāf (recognised difference of opinion among the Islamic jurists) in jurisprudence and ahl al-dhimma (protected communities of non-Muslims under Islamic rule) in the domain of interfaith relations, have received most scholarly attention, this article draws attention to conceptions of diversity in the field of exegesis of the Qur’ān (tafsīr), and in particular to the practice of many medieval exegetes who included into their commentaries a diversity of interpretations of the Qur’ānic verses. This practice has not passed unnoticed in modern scholarship. It has been attributed, for example, to the literary conventions of the genre of classical tafsīr, and explained as being beneficial for intra- Muslim disputations in cases where the exegetes recorded the interpretations of their doctrinal opponents. It has also been treated as a manifestation of the juridical principle of ikhtilāf in the field of Qur’ānic exegesis. To complement this focus on the practice, this article raises a question about how medieval Muslim thinkers themselves engaged with the question of interpretative diversity with regard to the Qur’ān. The article offers a preliminary consideration of this question through an overview of the five selected discourses on exegetical diversity from among the medieval Muslim authors. Although their contributions by no means exhaust the treatment of this subject in medieval Islamic literature, they nevertheless exemplify a range of approaches to interpretative diversity, from explaining its causes by reference to epistemological challenges and the nature of language, and validating it through the recognition that the text itself has several levels of meaning; to attempts to justify exegetical diversity as reflecting the divine will, and, on the opposite side, to narrow its boundaries. As such, these discourses could provide a starting point for further study of conceptions and attitudes to interpretative diversity in the Islamic tradition.
A Gravity Model Analysis of FDI across EU Member States
Alena Dorakh 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2020 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.35 No.3
While recent debates about European integration focus mainly on the losses from dissolutions, a remarkable rise in foreign direct investment (FDI) in the accession countries has become increasingly evident as a benefit of the European Union (EU) membership, which makes EU membership a key FDI determinant.B y applying an augmented gravity model (rather than standard gravity variables), covering 39 host and home countries over 1991-2017, we investigated specific factors in explaining FDI inflows, with a focus on the new member EU states.E mpirically, we created a series of ordinary least squares and Poisson Pseudo-Maximum-Likelihood models to account for all country-time-specific and country-pair factors.T his paper verifies that EU membership has a positive and significant effect on FDI, between 1991 and 2017 FDI inflows became greater, on average, by approximately 23%.A fter EU enlargement, more FDI came from EU members to the new EU member countries and less came from non-EU member countries.
Alena Kulinich 서울대학교 아시아연구소 2022 아시아리뷰 Vol.12 No.1
This article discusses modern interpretations of Mu‘tazilism, a rationalist tradition of Islamic thought that flourished during the time of the ‘Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258). Modern endeavours to rediscover and revive this tradition since the early 20th century, often referred to as ‘Neo-Mu‘tazilism’, span geographical, cultural, and political divides. The focus of this article is on the contribution of the prominent Egyptian intellectual Aḥmad Amīn (1886–1954) who is credited with rehabilitating Mu‘tazilism in his works on the intellectual history of Islamic civilization. Aiming to explore the intellectual efforts involved in ‘thinking tradition forward’, this article examines the ways in which Aḥmad Amīn envisaged the relevance of Mu‘tazilism for the present and future of Muslim societies and the strategies he employed to convey its modern relevance to his readers.
Layer-wise numerical model for laminated glass plates with viscoelastic interlayer
Alena Zemanová,Jan Zeman,Tomáš Janda,Michal Šejnoha 국제구조공학회 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.65 No.4
In this paper, a multi-layered finite element model for laminated glass plates is introduced. A layer-wise theory is applied to the analysis of laminated glass due to the combination of stiff and soft layers; the independent layers are connected via Lagrange multipliers. The von Kármán large deflection plate theory and the constant Poisson ratio for constitutive equations are assumed to capture the possible effects of geometric nonlinearity and the time/temperature-dependent response of the plastic foil. The linear viscoelastic behavior of a polymer foil is included by the generalized Maxwell model. The proposed layer-wise model was implemented into the MATLAB code and verified against detailed three-dimensional models in ADINA solver using different hexahedral finite elements. The effects of temperature, load duration, and creep/relaxation are demonstrated by examples.
Emerging System for Affectively Charged Interpersonal Communication
Alena Neviarouskaya,Dzmitry Tsetserukou,Helmut Prendinger,Naoki Kawakami,Susumu Tachi,Mitsuru Ishizuka 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
The paper focuses on a novel system iFeel_IM! that integrates 3D virtual world Second Life, intelligentcomponent for automatic emotion recognition from text messages, and innovative affective haptic interfaces providingadditional nonverbal communication channels through simulation of emotional feedback and social touch(physicalco-presence). The motivation behind our work is to enrich social interaction and emotional involvement of onlineinterpersonal communication. iFeel_IM! users can not only exchange messages but also emotionally and physically feelthe presence of the communication partner (e.g., family member, friend, or beloved person).
Carbon nanodots with tunable luminescence properties synthesized by electrical discharge in octane
Alena Nevar,Natalie Tarasenka,Mikhail Nedelko,Nikolai Tarasenko 한국탄소학회 2021 Carbon Letters Vol.31 No.1
We report on the one-step synthesis of luminescent carbon nanodots (C-dots) via an electrical discharge between two graphite electrodes submerged into organic solvent (octane). This is a simple approach for the fabrication of C-dots with tunable photoluminescence (PL) that differs from the other preparation methods, as no post-passivation step is required. The synthesized carbon nanoparticles are of spherical shape and their size is distributed in the range of 2–5 nm and exhibit luminescence sensitive to excitation wavelength.
Alena Aleksashina,Svetlana Rachina,Gayrat Kiyakbaev,Girindu Hewathanthirige,Yulia Cherdantseva 대한가정의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.45 No.1
The simultaneous development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and thyroid storm (TS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate and targeted treatment. However, their combined diagnosis poses a serious challenge because of the similarities between their clinical manifestations. To date, only a few dozen cases have been described; most of which have been linked to the progression of thyrotoxicosis or uncontrolled hypergly-cemia as contributing factors. We present the case of a 37-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes mellitus and Graves’ disease who presented with both TS and DKA. She was initially admitted to the emergency department as a suspected case of stroke. Severe hypoglycemia significantly lowered her alertness to TS and probably provoked a sharp hyperthyroid decompensation, thereby leading to subsequent DKA development.
Development of the computational program to evaluate heat leakon LNG tank of Natural Gas Vehicle
Alena Minkasheva,김성준 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2006 한국마린엔지니어링학회지 Vol.30 No.7
Car acceleration or deceleration induce the surface slope of liquid fuel in the LNG tank. Slope changes the surface area wetted by liquid fuel in the tank and consequently heat leak to the tank. The Fortran program, "Pro-Heatleak", is developed to evaluate heat leak on LNG tank. The verification test proves the high accuracy of the developed program. The difference between MathCad and computational results is less than 0.07 %. Computational analyses of heat leak are carried out for 10 gallons and 20 gallons of fuel vapor in the tank. With the increasing of fuel vapor volume by 10 percent the wetted surface area and heat leak respectively decrease by 13 percent. The difference between maximum and minimum heat leak is about 10 percent for both 10 gallons and 20 gallons of fuel vapor in the tank.