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Azam Akhbari,Shaliza Ibrahim,Low Chin Wen,Afifi Zainal,Noraziah Muda,Liyana Yahya,Onn Chiu Chuen,Farahin Mohd Jais,Mohamad Suffian bin Mohamad Annuar 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.61 No.2
The present work evaluated the production of biohydrogen under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions through dark fermentation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) in batch mode using the design of experiment methodology. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to investigate the influence of the two significant parameters, POME concentration as substrate (5, 12.5, and 20 g/l), and volumetric substrate to inoculum ratio (1:1, 1:1.5, and 1:2, v/v.%), with inoculum concentration of 14.3 g VSS/l. All the experiments were analyzed at 37 ℃ and 55 ℃ at an incubation time of 24 h. The highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, hydrogen content (H2%), and hydrogen yield (HY) at a substrate concentration of 12.5 g COD/l and S:I ratio of 1:1.5 in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions were obtained (27.3, 24.2%), (57.92, 66.24%), and (6.43, 12.27 ml H2/g CODrem), respectively. The results show that thermophilic temperature in terms of COD removal was more effective for higher COD concentrations than for lower concentrations. Optimum parameters projected by RSM with S:I ratio of 1:1.6 and POME concentration of 14.3 g COD/l showed higher results in both temperatures. It is recognized how RSM and optimization processes can predict and affect the process performance under different operational conditions.
A study of palm oil mill processing and environmental assessment of palm oil mill effluent treatment
Azam Akhbari,Prashad Kumaran Kutty,Onn Chiu Chuen,Shaliza Ibrahim 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.2
This work discusses the palm oil mill processing carried out at Jugra Palm Oil Mill Sdn Bhd, situated at Selangor, Malaysia with the capacity of 45-t fresh fruit bunch (FFB)/h. Typically, oil palm residues and palm oil mill effluent (POME) from FFB are generated while processing. Prior to discharge, POME should be treated to remove pollutants in the effluent. As such, the performances of anaerobic and aerobic ponds were assessed in this study to determine temperature, pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD), sludge volume index (SVI), and dissolved oxygen (DO). From the experiments, mesophilic temperature due to better process stability was applied in anaerobic ponds. The pH results displayed a fluctuating trend between lower control limit and upper control limit, and, the pH value increased from one pond to another. The final discharge BOD and SVI appeared to be lower than 100 mg/L and 10 mL/L indicating low degree of pollution and good settling ability for biomass/solid. DO was close to normal, mostly below 2 mg/L. The experimental outcomes revealed the effective treatability of POME in adherence to the standard regulation, which is the priority for environmental sustainability within this industry domain.
The Avon Patellofemoral Joint Replacement: Mid-Term Prospective Results from an Independent Centre
Pouya Akhbari,Tamer Malak,Sebastian Dawson-Bowling,Debra East,Kim Miles,P. Adrian Butler-Manuel 대한정형외과학회 2015 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.7 No.2
Approximately 10% of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee have unicompartmental OA confined to the patellofemoral joint (PFJ). The main surgical options are total knee replacement (TKR) and PFJ replacement (PFJR). PFJR has a number of advantages over TKR, including being less invasive, preserving the unaffected parts of the knee, allowing faster recovery and better range of motion and function. We report our prospective mid-term results of the Avon PFJR for established isolated PFJ arthritis in 61 consecutive procedures. Methods: Sixty-one Avon PFJRs were performed in 57 patients. The outcome measures were the new Oxford knee score (OKS), Hungerford and Kenna score (HKS), and Crosby Insall knee scores. Only patients with severe isolated PFJ OA were included. The diagnosis was based on a combination of clinical, radiological and, where available, arthroscopic findings. Results: Mean follow-up was 5.09 years (range, 12 to 124 years). There were 2 revisions in the first 5 years. The median HKS score was 80 (interquartile range, 70 to 95) and the mean OKS was 31.8 (± standard deviation, 8.7) at 5 years. These were significantly better (p < 0.001) than the preoperative scores. Conclusions: The Avon prosthesis gives good functional outcomes in the medium term and survives well. Our data support other studies in the literature and is the largest independent prospective study to date.
Evaluation of the Genotoxicity of Cadmium Chloride in Mice Using the Micronucleus Test
Kalantari, Heybatullah,Akhbari, Arash,Elliott, Simon Korean Environmental Mutagen Society 2002 한국환경성돌연변이·발암원학회지 Vol.22 No.4
In order to determine the safety of chemicals and pharmaceutical products, various methods can be used to evaluate the toxicity. In this study the genotoxic effect of the widely used industrial chemical, cadmium chloride, was assessed using the micronucleus test in peripheral blood of mice. The presence of micronucleated reticulocytes by microscopic observation following acridine orange staining indicated a potential genotoxic effect. The genotoxicity of intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered cadmium chloride (0.5, 1, 2 mg/kg) appeared to be dose dependent, with the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) found to be 2 mg/kg. Compared to the negative control (saline), cadmium chloride (2 mg/kg) exhibited statistically significant genotoxic potential (P<0.05) but was found to be less than the positive control of mitomycin C (0.5 mg/kg) and was not statistically significant compared to historical negative controls (P>0.05).
Mohammadi, M.,Akhbari, K.,Hanifehpour, Y.,Morsali, A.,Joo, S.W.,Bruno, G.,Rudbari, H.A. Elsevier Sequoia 2013 Journal of organometallic chemistry Vol.733 No.-
A new thallium(I) two-dimensional supramolecular polymer, [Tl<SUB>6</SUB>(biphO)<SUB>4</SUB>(biphOH)<SUB>4</SUB>(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>]<SUB>n</SUB> (1), biphOH = 4-hydroxy biphenyl, has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyzes and IR spectroscopy. Compound 1 was structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and in addition to three types of Tl<SUP>I</SUP> ions has secondary Tl...π Interactions. Two different Tl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nano-structures have been prepared by direct calcination of 1 at two different temperatures. These Tl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nano-structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and IR spectroscopy. This study demonstrates the coordination polymers may be suitable precursors for the preparation of nanoscale materials with various and interesting morphologies; however the final morphology of Tl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> can be influenced by calcination temperature.
Evaluation of the genotoxicity of Cadmium Chloride in Mice Using the Micronucleus Test
Heybatullah Kalantari,Arash Akhbari,Simon Elliott 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 2002 한국환경성돌연변이·발암원학회지 Vol.22 No.4
In order to determine the safety of chemicals and pharmaceutical products, various methods can be used to evaluate the toxicity. In this study the genotoxic effect of the widely used industrial chemical, cadmium chloride, was assessed using the micronucleus test in peripheral blood of mice. The presence of micronucleated reticulocytes by microscopic observation following acridine orange staining indicated a potential genotoxic effect. The genotoxicity of intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered cadmium chloride (0.5, 1,<br/> 2 mg/kg) appeared to be dose dependent, with the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) found to be 2 mg/kg. Compared to the negative control (saline), cadmium chloride (2 mg/kg) exhibited statistically significant genotoxic potential (P<0.05) but was found to be less than the positive control of mitomycin C (0.5 mg/kg) and was not<br/> statistically significant compared to historical negative controls (P>0.05).
Some results concerning fixed point in vector spaces
Mojtaba Izadi,Asghar Jokar,Mohammad Hadi Akhbari 강원경기수학회 2022 한국수학논문집 Vol.30 No.4
In this paper, we study the generalization of the Banach contraction principle in the vector space, involving four rational square terms in the inequality, by using the notation of bilinear functional. We also present an extension of Selberg's inequality to vector space.
Ebrahimzadeh Masoome,Ansari Noureddin Nakhostin,Abdollahi Iraj,Akhbari Behnam,Monjezi Saeideh 사단법인약침학회 2021 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.14 No.6
Background: Spasticity is a common motor disorder in adult stroke patients. Injury to the corticospinal tract (CST) is associated with spasticity. Dry needling (DN) has positive impacts on spasticity reduction and improvement in the range of motion (ROM) in stroke patients. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of DN on the connectivity of the CST and the level of spasticity in adult stroke patients. Methods: This double-blind randomized controlled trial will enroll and randomly assign stroke patients to either the experimental group, for receiving three sessions of DN for the spastic wrist flexors, or the control group, for sham needling. The primary outcome measures will be diffusion tensor imaging and the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale score to assess CST connectivity and wrist flexor spasticity, respectively. The Box and Block Test and standard goniometry are the secondary outcome measures to assess hand dexterity and active and passive wrist ROM, respectively. Measurements will be taken both before and after the intervention. Discussion: The results of this study will provide important evidence of the effects of DN on CST connectivity, spasticity, and arm function in adult stroke patients.
Channel Fading Effect Analysis on Diffusion Cooperation Strategies over Adaptive Networks
( Jie Yang ),( Ehsan Mostafapour ),( Amir Aminfar ),( Jie Wang ),( Hao Huang ),( Afsaneh Akhbari ),( C. Ghobadi ),( Guan Gui ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.1
In this paper, we investigate the performance of the diffusion adaptation strategies for parameter estimation in wireless adaptive networks, where the nodes exchange information over noisy and fading wireless channels. This paper shows the differences between the effect of Rayleigh and Rician fading over wireless adaptive networks and proves that the Rician fading is a more practical model in such kinds of networks. Simulation results imply that the effect of Rayleigh fading is more degrading for the estimation process than Rician fading. Also, the simulation results show the performance of adapt then combine (ATC) diffusion algorithm is better than the combine then adapt (CTA) algorithm by merely considering noise in wireless channels. While the performance of CTA prevails ATC over the wireless adaptive network in the presence of noise plus channel fading.
Iman Islami,Amir Sadoddin,Hossein Barani,Ahmadreza Asgharpourmasoule,Masih Akhbari 대한산업공학회 2018 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.17 No.2
Participation of local ranchers for developing livestock drinking water resources has been identified as inadequate in Yazd Province located in the central part of Iran. Thorough understanding of barriers among various factors influenc-ing the public participation is complex. In this study, to evaluate and prioritize the influencing criteria and parameters, ANP was used in which relationships are considered in form of non-linear. The information required in this study were collected using tools of questionnaire and expert knowledge elicitation. The results show a combined effect of various criteria on level of participation with different relative weights. Economic criterion in this study with normal weight of 0.455 represents 1.5 times more importance compared with climatic criterion and 2 times more importance in comparison to social criterion. Analysis indicates that following parameter of “Low income of animal husbandry” with normal weight of 0.319, as the most important influencing economic factor, climatic parameter of “Recurrent droughts and reduced rainfall” with normal weight of 0.153, and social parameter of “Poor role of NGOs” with nor-mal weight of 0.093, respectively represent the most important parameters in the context of this study. ANP model facilitates assessment and provides more detailed information for the decision makers.