Definition of Turkish Family Structure and Kinship Networks (A Sociolinguistic Approach)

Züleyha Hande Akata 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2023 에피스테메 Vol.- No.29

The Turkish family structure is the most basic and smallest social sign of Turkish society. Within the network of relationships that starts in the nuclear family and constitutes the larger structure of society, family, and kinship networks allow inferences to be made about the society as a whole. The development of family and kinship networks in Turkish society is also reflected in the linguistic vocabulary. There are many words that define these relationships. The vocabulary constitutes concrete signs of family relations in social life on the basis of the language-society relationship. Words, which are the most concrete signs of language, have taken on an important function in the creation and transmission of the perception that is the source of the Turkish family structure. In determining and analyzing this perception, it is also possible to make a reverse reading through these words. The subject of this study is how the vocabulary and definitions related to the family structure and kinship networks of Turkish society can be interpreted from a sociolinguistic perspective. The sample of the study consists of the vocabulary and definitions of kinship networks in the Güncel Türkçe Sözlük [The Current Turkish Dictionary], which is the standard dictionary of Türkiye Turkish. On the basis of this vocabulary, indicating kinship networks, the Turkish family structure has been first be revealed at a scriptural level. Then, the semantic values of the vocabulary indicating kinship networks according to family structure, gender, generation and age, blood and marriage, types of language, and language contacts have been determined. The social roles attributed to the individual according to this signification have been evaluated by taking into account the theories and methods of sociolinguistics. The aim of this study is to define the Turkish family structure and to analyze the perception of family in Turkish society by considering language-society relations.

Meningitis Due to Bacillus Anthracis

Saban Gurcan,Filiz Akata,Figen Kuloglu,Sevinc Erdogan,Murat Tugrul 연세대학교의과대학 2005 Yonsei medical journal Vol.46 No.1

The first case of haemorrhagic meningitis due to Bacillus anthracis in the European part of Turkey is reported here. B. anthracis, sensitive to penicillin, was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid and blood cultures. Although appropriate therapy was administered, the patient died two days after hospitalization.

Heterosis and combining ability for yield and resistance to grain mold in tannin-free photoperiod-insensitive sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] in Senegal

Diatta Cyril,Tovignan Thierry Klanvi,Akata Eyanawa Atchozou,Ifie Beatrice Elohor,Sarr Mame P.,Bassene César,Aidara Ousmane,Ndione Pierre Alfred,Gackou Malick,Manga Anicet Georges Bruno,Danquah Eric Yi 한국작물학회 2022 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.25 No.2

Increasing sorghum production per unit area in the farmer’s feld by developing high yielding tannin-free and grain mold tolerant varieties in Senegal is the goal of the present study. Line×tester mating design was used to cross eleven tannin-free non-photoperiodic male fertile sorghum varieties with two male-sterile A-lines to produce 22 F1 hybrids. These hybrids along with the thirteen parents and one grain mold resistant hybrid check were evaluated under natural grain mold infestation in two contrasted sites using a 6×6 lattice design with three replications. Results on combining ability suggested that additive gene actions were important in the control of grain mold resistance while non-additive gene actions were preponderant in the inheritance of grain yield. The parental lines F2-20, Macia, Faourou, and Dorado were the best general combiner for grain mold resistance. Of these, Dorado was identifed as the best combiner for yield and yield components. Additionally, the hybrid CE310-31A×Sureño was identifed as the best hybrids combination for yield, yield components and grain mold resistance. Furthermore, the hybrid crosses CE310-31A×F2-20, CE310-31A×Sureño and AVG-1×Dorado showed the best mid-parent heterosis for grain yield and resistance to grain mold. Moreover, based on their combining ability and heterosis, seven hybrids were identifed for their resistance to grain mold and high yielding. These hybrids could be tested in multilocation trials for a subsequent release.

A Food-Borne Outbreak Caused by Salmonella Enteritidis

Ozlem Tansel,Galip Ekuklu,Metin Otkun,Müşerref Tatman Otkun,Filiz Akata,Murat Tuğrul 연세대학교의과대학 2003 Yonsei medical journal Vol.44 No.2

This study was designed to define the epidemiology of a food-borne outbreak caused by Salmonella enteritidis that affected only one squadron of a military battalion located in the vicinity of the city of Edirne in Turkey. The outbreak was analyzed by a standard surveillance form of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The relationship between the eaten foods and cases was analyzed by Fisher's exact chi-square test, and odds ratios were calculated by a case-control study. The outbreak affected 60 of 168 soldiers in the squadron, 16 of whom were hospitalized. S.enteritidis was cultured in stools from 13 of the hospitalized soldiers and from 3 soldiers who had prepared the food. All strains were completely susceptible to antibiotics; their plasmid profiles were also identical. The highest attack rate detected was 55.7% in an omelet eaten 24 hours before (p < 0.001). Furthermore, it was the riskiest food according to the case-control study (ORe because they had been discarded. All of the hospitalized cases recovered, and none of the control cultures of stools yielded the pathogen after three weeks. In conclusion, although our results didn't indicate the exact source of the outbreak microbiologically, the omelet was considered to be the source based on the epidemiological proofs.

Secondary Tumors of the Urinary System: An Imaging Conundrum

Ali Devrim Karaosmanoglu,Mehmet Ruhi Onur,Musturay Karcaaltincaba,Deniz Akata,Mustafa Nasuh Ozmen 대한영상의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.19 No.4

Imaging features of metastases to the urinary system may closely mimic primary urinary tract tumors, and differential diagnosis by imaging alone may be problematic or even impossible in some cases. The main purpose of this article was to amiliarize radiologists with imaging findings of metastasis to the urinary system on cross-sectional imaging, with an emphasis on abdominal and pelvic computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, we review the clinical importance and implications of metastases to the urinary tract and provide information on diagnostic work-ups.

The Impact of Warmed Intravenous Contrast Material on the Bolus Geometry of Coronary CT Angiography Applications

Tuncay Hazirolan,Baris Turkbey,Erhan Akpinar,Murat Canyigit,Musturay Karcaaltincaba,Bora Peynircioglu,Z. Dicle Balkanci,Deniz Akata,Ferhun Balkanci 대한영상의학회 2009 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.10 No.2

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effect of administration of warmed contrast material (CM) on the bolus geometry and enhancement as depicted on coronary CT angiography. Materials and Methods: A total of 64 patients (42 men, 22 women; mean age, 56 years) were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 included 32 patients administered CM (Omnipaque [Iohexol] 350 mg I/ mL; Nycomed, Princeton, NJ) saline solutions kept in an incubator at a constant temperature (37℃). Group 2 included 32 patients administered the CM saline solutions kept at constant room temperature (24℃). Cardiac CT scans were performed with a dual source computed tomography (DSCT) scanner. For each group, region of interest curves were plotted inside the ascending aorta, main pulmonary artery and descending aorta on test bolus images. Using enhancement values, time/enhancement diagrams were produced for each vessel. On diagrams, basal Hounsfield unit (HU) values were subtracted from sequentially obtained values. A value of 100 HU was accepted as a cut-off value for the beginning of opacification. The time to peak, the time required to reach 100 HU opacification, maximum enhancement and duration of enhancement above 100 HU were noted. DSCT angiography studies were evaluated for coronary vessel enhancement. Results: Maximum enhancement values in the ascending aorta, descending aorta and main pulmonary artery were significantly higher in group 1 subjects. In the ascending aorta, the median time required to reach 100 HU opacification during the test bolus analysis was significantly shorter for group 2 subjects than for group 1 subjects. In the ascending aorta, the descending aorta and main pulmonary artery, for group 1 subjects, the bolus geometry curve shifted to the left and upwards as compared with the bolus geometry curve for group 2 subjects. Conclusion: The use of warmed CM yields higher enhancement values and a shorter time to reach maximum enhancement duration, resulting in a shift of the bolus geometry curve to the left that may provide optimized image quality. Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effect of administration of warmed contrast material (CM) on the bolus geometry and enhancement as depicted on coronary CT angiography. Materials and Methods: A total of 64 patients (42 men, 22 women; mean age, 56 years) were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 included 32 patients administered CM (Omnipaque [Iohexol] 350 mg I/ mL; Nycomed, Princeton, NJ) saline solutions kept in an incubator at a constant temperature (37℃). Group 2 included 32 patients administered the CM saline solutions kept at constant room temperature (24℃). Cardiac CT scans were performed with a dual source computed tomography (DSCT) scanner. For each group, region of interest curves were plotted inside the ascending aorta, main pulmonary artery and descending aorta on test bolus images. Using enhancement values, time/enhancement diagrams were produced for each vessel. On diagrams, basal Hounsfield unit (HU) values were subtracted from sequentially obtained values. A value of 100 HU was accepted as a cut-off value for the beginning of opacification. The time to peak, the time required to reach 100 HU opacification, maximum enhancement and duration of enhancement above 100 HU were noted. DSCT angiography studies were evaluated for coronary vessel enhancement. Results: Maximum enhancement values in the ascending aorta, descending aorta and main pulmonary artery were significantly higher in group 1 subjects. In the ascending aorta, the median time required to reach 100 HU opacification during the test bolus analysis was significantly shorter for group 2 subjects than for group 1 subjects. In the ascending aorta, the descending aorta and main pulmonary artery, for group 1 subjects, the bolus geometry curve shifted to the left and upwards as compared with the bolus geometry curve for group 2 subjects. Conclusion: The use of warmed CM yields higher enhancement values and a shorter time to reach maximum enhancement duration, resulting in a shift of the bolus geometry curve to the left that may provide optimized image quality.