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Increased Bladder Wall Thickness in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Women With Overactive Bladder
Hakkı Uzun,Sabri Ogullar,Serap Baydur Şahin,Orhan Ünal Zorba,Görkem Akça,Fatih Sümer,Ülkü Mete Güney,Gülşah Balık 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2013 International Neurourology Journal Vol.17 No.2
Purpose: Bladder wall thickness has been reported to be associated with overactive bladder (OAB) in women. Diabetic women have an increased risk for OAB syndrome and may have an increased risk for bladder wall thickness. Methods: A total of 235 female patients aged 40 to 75 years were categorized into four groups. The first group consisted of women free of urgency or urge urinary incontinence. The second group included nondiabetic women with idiopathic OAB. The third group consisted of women with diabetes and clinical OAB, and women with diabetes but without OAB constituted the fourth group. Bladder wall thickness at the anterior wall was measured by ultrasound by the suprapubic approach with bladder filling over 250 mL. Results: The diabetic (third group) and nondiabetic (second group) women with OAB had significantly greater bladder wall thickness at the anterior bladder wall than did the controls. However, the difference was not significant between the diabetic (third group) and the nondiabetic (second group) women with OAB. Women with diabetes but without OAB (fourth group) had greater bladder wall thickness than did the controls but this difference was not significant. Additionally, the difference in bladder wall thickness between diabetic women with (third group) and without (fourth group) OAB was not significant. Conclusions: This is the first study to show that bladder wall thickness is increased in diabetic women with and without OAB. Additionally, nondiabetic women with OAB had increased bladder wall thickness. Further studies may provide additional information for diabetic and nondiabetic women with OAB, in whom the etiopathogenesis of the disease may be similar.
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The Effect of High Dose Melatonin on Cardiac Ischemia- reperfusion Injury
Hakan Ceyran,Figen Narin,Nazmi Narin,Hülya Akgün,A. Bahar Ceyran,Figen Öztürk,Yiğit Akçah 연세대학교의과대학 2008 Yonsei medical journal Vol.49 No.5
Purpose: Melatonin, the most potent scavenger of toxic free radicals, has been found to be effective in protecting against pathological states due to the release of reactive oxygen species. This study was performed to establish the effect of high dose melatonin on protection against ischemia- reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat hearts. Materials and Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. They were separated into four groups of ten rats each. A left coronary artery occlusion was induced in the rats by ligating the artery for 20 minutes and then releasing the ligation (reperfusion) afterwards. The control group was Group A. Group B was subjected to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion without any treatment, while Group C underwent myocardial ischemia-reperfusion with a melatonin treatment before the ischemia. Group D was subjected to myocardial ischemia- reperfusion with a melatonin treatment before the reperfusion. After 20 minutes of reperfusion, blood samples were obtained from each group for biochemical studies, and the animals were sacrificed for histological and, immunohistochemical examinations of the myocardial tissue. Results: We found that the cardiac troponin T(cTn-T) levels were significantly increased in Group B when all groups were compared. In the Group C rats treated with melatonin, the cTn-T values were significantly lower than those in Groups B and D. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes including, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were lower than those in Group B in the melatonin treated groups. The differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). Histopathologic and immunohistopathologic studies also supported the effectiveness of melatonin. Conclusion: Our study suggests that high dose melatonin, appears to offer protection against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injuries in rats by scavenging the free radicals and could have a potential clinical use in the management of myocardial ischemia.
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Se Youn Choi,Inho Kim,김남중,Seung-Ah Lee,Youn-Ak Choi,Ji-Yeon Bae,Ji Hyun Kwon,Pyoeng Gyun Choe,박완범,Sung-Soo Yoon,Seonyang Park,Byoung Kook Kim,Myoung-Don Oh 대한혈액학회 2011 Blood Research Vol.46 No.4
Background :The aim of this study is to investigate the hematological manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the risk factors for cytopenia, and the effect of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) on cytopenia. Methods :Medical records of patients treated for HIV at the Seoul National University Hospital from January 2005 to March 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. To determine the impact of HIV itself, we excluded HIV patients who had other conditions that could have resulted in hematological manifestations. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for cytopenia. Results :A total of 621 cases were investigated, and after exclusion, data of 472 patients were analyzed. The frequency of cytopenia was anemia, 3.0% (14/472); neutropenia, 10.0% (47/472); thrombocytopenia, 2.4% (12/472); lymphopenia, 25.7% (121/470); isolated cytopenia, 11.2% (53/472); and bicytopenia, 2.1% (10/472). The leading risk factor for cytopenia identified by multivariate logistic regression methods was AIDS status at initial presentation. After HAART, cytopenia was reversed in the majority of patients (thrombocytopenia, 100%; neutropenia, 91.1%; and anemia, 84.6%). Conclusion :This study isolated the impact of HIV infection alone on hematologic manifestations and confirmed that these changes were reversible by HAART. Control of the HIV infection will have the main role in the management of hematological manifestations of the virus.
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