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( Ai Hua Deng ),( Guo Qiang Zhang ),( Na Na Shi ),( Jie Wu ),( Fu Ping Lu ),( Ting Yi Wen ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.2
A novel protease gene from Bacillus gibsonii, aprBG, was cloned, expressed in B. subtilis, and characterized. High-level expression of aprBG was achieved in the recombinant strain when a junction was present between the promoter and the target gene. The purified recombinant enzyme exhibited similar N-terminal sequences and catalytic properties to the native enzyme, including high affinity and hydrolytic efficiency toward various substrates and a superior performance when exposed to various metal ions, surfactants, oxidants, and commercial detergents. AprBG was remarkably stable in 50% organic solvents and retained 100% activity and stability in 0-4 M NaCl, which is better than the characteristics of previously reported proteases. AprBG was most closely related to the high-alkaline proteases of the subtilisin family with a 57-68% identity. The secretion and maturation mechanism of AprBG was dependent on the enzyme activity, as analyzed by site-directed mutagenesis. Thus, when taken together, the results revealed that the halo-solvent-tolerant protease AprBG displays significant activity and stability under various extreme conditions, indicating its potential for use in many biotechnology applications.
Formulation of Liposome for Topical Delivery of Arbutin
Ai-Hua Wen,최민구,김대덕 대한약학회 2006 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.29 No.12
The aims of this study were to encapsulate arbutin (AR) in liposome to enhance the skin-whitening activity, and to investigate the effect of liposome formulation on the entrapment efficiency (EE%), skin permeation rate and skin deposition. The liposomes were prepared by a film dispersion method with several different formulations and were separated from the solution by using the gel-filtration method. The physical (size distribution, morphology) and chemical (drug entrapment efficiency, hairless mouse skin permeation and deposition) properties of liposomes were characterized. The entrapment efficiency in all liposome formulations varied between 4.35% and 17.63%, and was dependent on the lipid content. The particle sizes of liposomes were in the range of 179.9~212.8 nm in all liposome formulations. Although the permeation rate of AR in the liposome formulations decreased compared with AR solution, the deposition amount of AR in the epidermis/dermis layers increased in AR liposomal formulation. These results suggest that liposomal formulation could enhance the skin deposition of hydrophilic skin-whitening agents, thereby enhancing their activities.
Liu, Ai-Na,Sun, Ping,Liu, Jian-Nan,Ma, Jin-Bo,Qu, Hua-Jun,Zhu, Hua,Yu, Cai-Yan,Zhang, Liang-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4
Objective: To study the relationship between clinical pathologic characteristics, treatment modalities and prognostic factors in HER-2 (Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor-2) overexpressed breast carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Major clinico-pathological factors including therapeutic modalities and survival status of 371 breast cancer patients with HER2 over-expression, teated at Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from March of 2002 to December of 2010 were retrospectively studied, with special attention focused on survival-related factors. Results: The median age of the total 371 patients in this study was 48 years at time of diagnosis, among which, the leading pathological type was infiltrating ductal carcinoma (92.5%); 62.8% presented with a primary tomor larger than 2 cm in diameter at diagnosis, 51.0% had axillary lymph node (ALN) metastases; ER (Estrogen receptor)/PR (Progesterone receptor) double negative occured in 52.8% of cases, and PCNA (proliferation cell nuclear antigen) (+++) was found in 55.1%. HER-2 overexpressed patients were usually in advanced stage when the diagnosis was made (72.8% at stages IIA~IIIC). The prognosis and survival were assessed in 259 patients with complete follow-up data. 5-year DFS (disease-free survival) and OS (overall survival) rate was 68.0% and 78.0% respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that age, tumor size, ALN metastases, LVSI (lymph-vascular space involvement), PCNA status, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy cycles, and HER-2 overexpression, correlated closely with the prognosis. ALN metastases, LVSI, PCNA status and chemotherapy cycles were independent predictors of survival. Conclusions: HER-2 overexpressed breast cancer has special clinical and pathological characteristics, with advanced clinical stages and high rate of ER/PR double negative. Lymph node metastases, LVSI, PCNA and chemotherapy cycles are independent predictors of prognosis.
Formulation of Liposome for Topical Delivery of Arbutin
Wen, Ai-Hua,Choi, Min-Koo,Kim, Dae-Duk The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2006 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.29 No.12
The aims of this study were to encapsulate arbutin (AR) in liposome to enhance the skin-whitening activity, and to investigate the effect of liposome formulation on the entrapment efficiency (EE%), skin permeation rate and skin deposition. The liposomes were prepared by a film dispersion method with several different formulations and were separated from the solution by using the gel-filtration method. The physical (size distribution, morphology) and chemical (drug entrapment efficiency, hairless mouse skin permeation and deposition) properties of liposomes were characterized. The entrapment efficiency in all liposome formulations varied between 4.35% and 17.63%, and was dependent on the lipid content. The particle sizes of liposomes were in the range of $179.9{\sim}212.8\;nm$ in all liposome formulations. Although the permeation rate of AR in the liposome formulations decreased compared with AR solution, the deposition amount of AR in the epidermis/dermis layers increased in AR liposomal formulation. These results suggest that liposomal formulation could enhance the skin deposition of hydrophilic skin-whitening agents, thereby enhancing their activities.
Li, Ai-Hua,Liu, Hong-Can,Xin, Yu-Hua,Kim, Song-Gun,Zhou, Yu-Guang International Union of Microbiological Societies 2014 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.64 No.2
<P>A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming, short-rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain MP203<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from ice water of Midui Glacier in Tibet Autonomous Region, China. The strain was psychrotolerant, growing at 0–25 °C. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain MP203<SUP>T</SUP> was most similar to <I>Frigoribacterium faeni</I> NBRC 103066<SUP>T</SUP>, <I>Compostimonas suwonensis</I> KACC 13354<SUP>T</SUP>, <I>Frigoribacterium mesophilum</I> KCTC 19311<SUP>T</SUP>, <I>Marisediminicola antarctica</I> CCTCC AB 209077<SUP>T</SUP> and <I>Alpinimonas psychrophila</I> JCM 18951<SUP>T</SUP>, with similarities of 97.4, 97.2, 97.2, 97.1 and 97.1 %, respectively. The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree indicated that strain MP203<SUP>T</SUP> clustered with nine genera of the family <I>Microbacteriaceae</I>, namely <I>Frigoribacterium</I>, <I>Compostimonas</I>, <I>Marisediminicola</I>, <I>Alpinimonas</I>, <I>Frondihabitans</I>, <I>Clavibacter</I>, <I>Subtercola</I>, <I>Klugiella</I> and <I>Agreia</I><I>.</I> However, bootstrap analysis showed that there was no significance in the branching pattern of the linage comprising strain MP203<SUP>T</SUP> and any existing generic lineage of the family <I>Microbacteriaceae</I>. DNA–DNA hybridization results indicated levels of relatedness between strain MP203<SUP>T</SUP> and <I>Marisediminicola antarctica</I> CCTCC AB 209077<SUP>T</SUP>, <I>Frigoribacterium faeni</I> NBRC 103066<SUP>T</SUP>, <I>Frigoribacterium mesophilum</I> KCTC 19311<SUP>T</SUP>, <I>Compostimonas suwonensis</I> KACC 13354<SUP>T</SUP> and <I>Alpinimonas psychrophila</I> JCM 18951<SUP>T</SUP> were 25.8±7.3, 29.6±7.6, 19.7±6.7, 16.0±4.2 and 12.4±5.1 % (mean±<SMALL>sd</SMALL>), respectively. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 64.1 mol%. Analysis of the cell-wall peptidoglycan revealed that the peptidoglycan structure of strain MP203<SUP>T</SUP> was B10 type with Gly[<SMALL>l</SMALL>-Hse]–<SMALL>d</SMALL>-Glu–<SMALL>d</SMALL>-DAB, containing 2, 4-diaminobutyric acid (DAB) as a diagnostic amino acid. The cell-wall sugars were rhamnose, ribose, mannose and glucose. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB>, iso-C<SUB>16 : 0</SUB> and anteiso A-C<SUB>15 : 1</SUB>. An unusual compound identified as anteiso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB>-DMA (1, 1-dimethoxy-anteiso-pentadecane) was also present in strain MP203<SUP>T</SUP>. The predominant menaquinone was MK-10. Diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), one unknown glycolipid and four unknown lipids were detected in the polar lipid extracts. As strain MP203<SUP>T</SUP> was distinguishable from phylogenetically related genera in the family <I>Microbacteriaceae</I> in terms of its physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic position, it was considered to represent a novel species of a new genus. Thus, the name <I>Glaciihabitans tibetensis</I> gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of <I>Glaciihabitans tibetensis</I> is MP203<SUP>T</SUP> ( = CGMCC 1.12484<SUP>T</SUP> = KCTC 29148<SUP>T</SUP>).</P>