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Zhong Ai,Ai-Fang Cheng,Yuan-Tao Yu,Wenwen Jin 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.5
Maca has been consumed as a medical food in Peru for thousands of years, and exerts anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. Our present study aimed to evaluate the behavior and anatomical and biochemical effects of petroleum ether extract from maca (ME) in the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model of depression in mice. Three different doses of maca extract (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) were orally administrated in the six-week CUMS procedure. Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) was used as a positive control drug. Maca extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) significantly decreased the duration of immobility time in the tail suspension test. After treatment with maca extract (250 and 500 mg/kg), the granule cell layer in the dentate gyrus appeared thicker. Maca extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) also induced a significant reduction in corticosterone levels in mouse serum. In mouse brain tissue, after six weeks of treatment, noradrenaline and dopamine levels were increased by maca extract, and the activity of reactive oxygen species was significantly inhibited. Serotonin levels were not significantly altered. These results demonstrated that maca extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) showed antidepressant-like effects and was related to the activation of both noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems, as well as attenuation of oxidative stress in mouse brain.
( Ming Qiang Ai ),( Fang Fang Wang ),( Feng Huang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.8
A blue laccase was purified from a white rot fungus of Trametes trogii, which was a monomeric protein of 64 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. The enzyme acted optimally at a pH of 2.2 to 4.5 and a temperature of 70°C and showed high thermal stability, with a half-life of 1.6 h at 60°C. A broad range of substrates, including the non-phenolic azo dye methyl red, was oxidized by the laccase, and the laccase exhibited high affinity towards ABTS and syringaldazine. Moreover, the laccase was fairly metal-tolerant. A high-molecular-weight kraft lignin was effectively polymerized by the laccase, with a maximum of 6.4-fold increase in weight-average molecular weight, as demonstrated by gel permeation chromatography. Notable structural changes in the polymerized lignin were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectroscopy. This revealed an increase in condensed structures as well as carbonyl and aliphatic hydroxyl groups. Simultaneously, phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy groups decreased. These results suggested the potential use of the laccase in lignin modification.
Expression Profiles of Class A Rice Heat Shock Transcription Factor Genes Under Abiotic Stresses
Ai-Ling Liu,Jie Zou,Xian-Wen Zhang,Xiao-Yun Zhou,Wen-Fang Wang,Xing-Yao Xiong,Li-Yun Chen,Xin-Bo Chen 한국식물학회 2010 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.53 No.2
Expression profiles of 12 class A rice heat shock transcription factor genes (OsHsfAs) were analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The OsHsfA genes exhibited tissue-specific expressions under normal condition. OsHsfA1a, A2d, and A9 were predominantly expressed in young spike. Expression responses of the 12 OsHsfAs under abiotic stresses were analyzed in the shoots of rice seedling. Most OsHsfA genes responded quickly to heat stress except for OsHsfA1a, A3,and A9 which were almost unaffected. In particular,OsHsfA2a expression in response to heat stress was highest among the heat shock factors examined. However, the majority of the increased OsHsfAs expression responses to salt, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and cold treatments primarily occurred during the later stages (3 to 24 h) of stress exposure. Furthermore, most of OsHsfA gene expressions were little affected and only a few (OsHsfA3, A4d, A7,and A9) genes had slow responses to cold treatment. The results indicate that the transcript levels of OsHsfAs during heat stress exposure were distinct from those of plants subjected to salt, PEG, and cold stresses, suggesting that there might be different regulatory networks between heat and non-heat stress.
An Improved Fast Camera Calibration Method for Mobile Terminals
Fang-li Guan,Ai-jun Xu,Guang-yu Jiang 한국정보처리학회 2019 Journal of information processing systems Vol.15 No.5
Camera calibration is an important part of machine vision and close-range photogrammetry. Since currentcalibration methods fail to obtain ideal internal and external camera parameters with limited computingresources on mobile terminals efficiently, this paper proposes an improved fast camera calibration method formobile terminals. Based on traditional camera calibration method, the new method introduces two-order radialdistortion and tangential distortion models to establish the camera model with nonlinear distortion items. Meanwhile, the nonlinear least square L-M algorithm is used to optimize parameters iteration, the new methodcan quickly obtain high-precise internal and external camera parameters. The experimental results show thatthe new method improves the efficiency and precision of camera calibration. Terminals simulation experimenton PC indicates that the time consuming of parameter iteration reduced from 0.220 seconds to 0.063 seconds(0.234 seconds on mobile terminals) and the average reprojection error reduced from 0.25 pixel to 0.15 pixel. Therefore, the new method is an ideal mobile terminals camera calibration method which can expand theapplication range of 3D reconstruction and close-range photogrammetry technology on mobile terminals.
BMB Reports : Over-expression of OsHsfA7 enhanced salt and drought tolerance in transgenic rice
( Ai Ling Liu ),( Jie Zou ),( Cui Fang Liu ),( Xiao Yun Zhou ),( Xian Wen Zhang ),( Guang Yu Luo ),( Xin Bo Chen ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2013 BMB Reports Vol.46 No.1
Heat shock proteins play an important role in plant stress tolerance and are mainly regulated by heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs). In this study, we generated transgenic rice over-expressing OsHsfA7 and carried out morphological observation and stress tolerance assays. Transgenic plants exhibited less, shorter lateral roots and root hair. Under salt treatment, over-expressing OsHsfA7 rice showed alleviative appearance of damage symptoms and higher survival rate, leaf electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde content of transgenic plants were lower than those of wild type plants. Meanwhile, transgenic rice seedlings restored normal growth but wild type plants could not be rescued after drought and re-watering treatment. These findings indicate that over-expression of OsHsfA7 gene can increase tolerance to salt and drought stresses in rice seedlings. [BMB Reports 2013; 46(1): 31-36]
Fang Jing,Jiang Xiao-Han,Wang Teng-Fei,Zhang Xiu-Jun,Zhang Ai-Di 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.4
RNA editing is a significant post-transcriptional molecular process of modifying the primary transcripts by editosome. In plants, it remains unknown whether and to what extent RNA editing contributes to tissue-specific regulation from a global perspective. To obtain an overview of RNA editing events in model plant tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), we implemented a bioinformatics analysis of DNA-Seq and RNA-Seq data from roots and leaves of three tobacco varieties (TN90, Basma and K326). The results showed that hundreds of RNA editing sites were detected to be located in the protein-coding region of plastid/mitochondria for all three varieties. Among these sites, some of them were detected in leaves but not or reduced in roots. Interestingly, most of the disappeared editing sites in roots were located in plastid transcripts encoding subunits of NADH dehydrogenase. The average editing efficiencies in roots were reduced significantly compared with leaves across three varieties in both organelles. In addition, we found that the reduction of RNA editing efficiency in mitochondria is mild compared with plastid. Expression analysis further showed that an extraordinarily high percentage of RNA editing factors were down-regulated in roots, particularly for PPR, MORF proteins, indicating that the distinct editing patterns between roots and leaves might result from the differential regulation of RNA editing factors expression. This study provides references and insights into understanding the function of plant RNA editing in tissue-specific regulation mediated by editosomes.
An Improved Fast Camera Calibration Method for Mobile Terminals
Guan, Fang-li,Xu, Ai-jun,Jiang, Guang-yu Korea Information Processing Society 2019 Journal of information processing systems Vol.15 No.5
Camera calibration is an important part of machine vision and close-range photogrammetry. Since current calibration methods fail to obtain ideal internal and external camera parameters with limited computing resources on mobile terminals efficiently, this paper proposes an improved fast camera calibration method for mobile terminals. Based on traditional camera calibration method, the new method introduces two-order radial distortion and tangential distortion models to establish the camera model with nonlinear distortion items. Meanwhile, the nonlinear least square L-M algorithm is used to optimize parameters iteration, the new method can quickly obtain high-precise internal and external camera parameters. The experimental results show that the new method improves the efficiency and precision of camera calibration. Terminals simulation experiment on PC indicates that the time consuming of parameter iteration reduced from 0.220 seconds to 0.063 seconds (0.234 seconds on mobile terminals) and the average reprojection error reduced from 0.25 pixel to 0.15 pixel. Therefore, the new method is an ideal mobile terminals camera calibration method which can expand the application range of 3D reconstruction and close-range photogrammetry technology on mobile terminals.