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金愛麟 成均館大學校 1975 論文集 Vol.20 No.-
Das Barock(Baroque) nennt man in der Stilgeschichte die Epoche, die auf die Renaissance folgt. Das Barock war eine Zeit von gewaltiger, unba ndiger Kraft und Lebenslust, die alles ins Extreme trieb. Sie beginnt in der zweiten Ha¨lfte des 16. Jahrhunderts, wa¨hrte das ganze 17. Jahrhundert hindurch und endete im ersten Viertel des 18. Jahrhunderts. Die Zeit des Hoch-und Spa¨tbarocks fa¨llt mil der Regierungszeit Ludwigs des XIV. zusammen. Die Ku¨nste, die Architektur und die Wissenschaften standen damals in ho¨chster Blu¨te. Die Kostu¨mgeschichte spiegelt diese Vorga¨nge einhellig wider. Zu Beginn der Epoche war die spanische Mode in den ho¨heren Schichten aller zivilisierte La¨nder Europas tonangebend. Nachdem sich die Niederlande von der spanischen Herrschaft losgerissen batten, kam die praktischere und bequeme Kleidung des monsieur a`la mode. Es war die Zeit, in der der Kardinal von Richelieu Frankreich zu einer nationalen Einheit verhalf. Um 1660 aber, also zu der Zeit, als der junge Ludwig der XIV. selbsta¨ndig zu regieren begann, setzte sich in Frankreich eine prunkvolle Mode von wu¨rdigerer Art durch, die bald die Mode der herrschenden La¨nder Europas beeinfluβte. Diese Mode kann man so, wie folgt, beschreiben: Die Herren trugen auf der Lockenperu¨cke einen breitkrempigen Hut mit Feder-und Bandschmuck. Das offene Wams war boleroartig kurz und die bis zu den Knien reichenden Hosen, die “Rheingrafenhosen” wirkten wie ein kurzer Frauenfaltenrock. Um 1670, in der Blu¨tezeit Ludwigs des XIV., ist ein Zug von verfeinerter Eleganz nicht zu u¨bersehen. Den Anzug des Herrn bestand nun aus Rock, Weste und Hose, was im wesentlichen heute noch besteht. Die Weste hatte nock A¨rmel. Oft frug man daru¨ber den langen, gekno¨pften Rock, den “Justaucorps”. Zum Justaucorps trug man dann die einfachen Kniehosen(culottes). Die Damenkleidung wurde auch so einfach wie der Anzug des Herrn. In der Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts verschwanden die bis dahin angezogene “Vertugadin”und Reifro¨cke. Wa¨hrend der Zeit wurde der Oberko¨rper von einem durch Sta¨be versteiften, lang herabgezogenen Mieder umschlossen. Der untere Rock war glockenfo¨rmig, und daru¨ber zog man ein schleppendes Oberkleid, das sich das sich hinten bauschte, etwa in der Art, die spa¨ter “cul do Paris” genanat wurde. Von der Regierungszeit Ludwigs des XIV. an u¨bernahm Frankreich die herrschende Rolle in der Mode der ganzen zivilisierten Welt, die es auf dem Gebiet der Frauenkleidung noch heute inne hat.
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韓國成人女子의 體型別 치수設定과 Pattern 等級法에 관한 硏究
金愛麟 成均館大學校 1976 論文集 Vol.23 No.-
To make brief analysis of the results of the above research, it can be summarized as follows: 1. As to measurements of individual physical types, the standard difference of the cicumference of the bust was set for 4㎝, and this was established as the average measure of each part of the body. The size was classified into 8 grades from 34 to 48. 2. As a result of measurement conducted among korean adult women, the standard size of the circumference of the bust turned out to be 38. 3. The pattern was classified according to each dress part and was arranged according to the average measure of each part of the body and its dimension. The extent of flexibility was set up by the dimension of the average measure. The position and the extent of making reduction or enlargement was marked on the basis of size 38 which is the standard size, so that the pattern of various measurements can be produced rapidly. The measurement items of length and circmference can be classified as follows: 1. Among 10 items of length, other items excluding the length of slacks, 2㎝(bust height, center back waist length, bust point depth, front waist length Ⅰ, center front waist length Ⅱ, sleeve length, arm height, skirt length, slacks length, seat height) turned out to be the small difference of 0.5-1㎝ according to one grade classification. 2. Among the five items of circumference (bust, waist, hip, upper arm, wrist) other items excluding the circumference of the upper arm, 1㎝ and that of the wrist, 0.5㎝ turned out to be a remarkable difference of 4-5㎝ according to one grade classification.
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한국절식에 대한 초등학교 영양사의 의식조사 : 서울과 인천지역을 중심으로
박수진,강영림,김애정 동아시아식생활학회 1998 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.8 No.3
The purpose of this study was to investigate perceptions and uses of Korean festive foods by dietitians in elementary school food service. Questionnaires were distributed to 217 dietitians in Seoul(117) and Inchon(100). Statistical data analysis was completed by SAS package program. Results were as follows ; 1. Most dietitians(89.8%) who answered the inquiry had knowledge about Korean festive foods. 2. Most respondents applied Korean festive foods to their menu planning. 3. More than 85% of respondents used festive foods, especially Ddukguk, Mandu, Yaksik, Yukgaejang, Galbiggim, Tangpyungchae, Patjuk, among the 43 kinds considered for their menu planning. 4. The higher the perception of traditional foods, the more the respondents applied them to their menu planning, especially Injulmi, Shikhae, Yaksik, Bamchoe, Jeongpyun, Kalkuksu, Torantang, Hobakgigim, Namul. 5. Respondents got information sources about traditional foods from books, school, home, massmedia, and etc, in the order. 6. Most respondents(88.3%) wanted to simplify festive foods' cooking method or standardize the recipes. 7. On the necessity of education about festive food for children, 81.5% of respondents and festive foods were considered to be cultivated and developed to uphold the Korean traditional dietary life.
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( Ae Rin Baek ),( Ji Min Lee ),( Hyun Jung Seo ),( Jong Sook Park ),( June Hyuk Lee ),( Sung Woo Park ),( An Soo Jang ),( Do Jin Kim ),( Eun Suk Koh ),( Soo Taek Uh ),( Yong Hoon Kim ),( Choon Sik Par 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.79 No.3
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and lethal lung disease characterized by the accumulation of excessive fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the extracellular matrix. The transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to be a possible source of fibroblasts/ myofibroblasts in IPF lungs. We have previously reported that apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) has anti-fibrotic activity in experimental lung fibrosis. In this study, we determine whether ApoA1 modulates TGF-β1.induced EMT in experimental lung fibrosis and clarify its mechanism of action. Methods: The A549 alveolar epithelial cell line was treated with TGF-β1 with or without ApoA1. Morphological changes and expression of EMT-related markers, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and α-smooth muscle actin were evaluated. Expressions of Smad and non-Smad mediators and TGF-β1 receptor type 1 (TβRI) and type 2 (TβRII) were measured. The silica-induced lung fibrosis model was established using ApoA1 overexpressing transgenic mice. Results: TGF-β1.treated A549 cells were changed to the mesenchymal morphology with less E-cadherin and more N-cadherin expression. The addition of ApoA1 inhibited the TGF-β1.induced change of the EMT phenotype. ApoA1 inhibited the TGF-β1.induced increase in the phosphorylation of Smad2 and 3 as well as that of ERK and p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase mediators. In addition, ApoA1 reduced the TGF-β1.induced increase in TβRI and TβRII expression. In a mouse model of silica-induced lung fibrosis, ApoA1 overexpression reduced the silica-mediated effects, which were increased N-cadherin and decreased E-cadherin expression in the alveolar epithelium. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that ApoA1 inhibits TGF-β1.induced EMT in experimental lung fibrosis.
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( Ae-rin Baek ),( Gil Myeong Seong ),( Song-i Lee ),( Won-young Kim ),( Yong Sub Na ),( Jin Hyoung Kim ),( Bo Young Lee ),( Moon Seong Baek ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.0
Purpose High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a useful tool in patients with hypoxic respiratory failure. However, there is a concern for the association between HFNC and delayed intubation or increased mortality. This study aims to investigate that late failure of HFNC is associated with mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Method A retrospective multicenter study was conducted at seven university-affiliated hospitals in Korea. We collected the data of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 between February 10, 2020, and February 28, 2021. Failure of HFNC was defined as the need for mechanical ventilation despite HFNC application. According to the time of intubation, HFNC failure was divided into early failure (within 48 hours) and late failure (after 48 hours). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Result During the study period, 157 patients received HFNC, and 133 were eligible. Among them, 70 received mechanical ventilation. Median time from HFNC initiation to intubation of early failure group was 4.1 hours (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.1-13.5 hours), and those of late failure group was 70.9 hours (IQR: 54.4-145.4 hours). Although the ROX index within 24 hours of HFNC initiation had a low tendency in the early failure group than the late failure group, the ROX index before two hours of intubation was significantly lower in the late failure group (5.74 [IQR: 4.58-6.98] vs. 4.80 [IQR: 3.67-5.97], p=0.040, Fig 1). In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher CCI (OR 5.38 [95% CI: 1.18-24.56]), higher SOFA score (OR 5.04 [95% CI: 1.34- 18.90]), and late HFNC failure (OR 4.76 [95% CI: 1.12-20.24]) were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality. Conclusion Late failure of HFNC may be associated with higher mortality in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory failures.
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Baek, Ae Rin,Lee, Ji Min,Seo, Hyun Jung,Park, Jong Sook,Lee, June Hyuk,Park, Sung Woo,Jang, An Soo,Kim, Do Jin,Koh, Eun Suk,Uh, Soo Taek,Kim, Yong Hoon,Park, Choon Sik The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2016 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.79 No.3
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and lethal lung disease characterized by the accumulation of excessive fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the extracellular matrix. The transforming growth factor ${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to be a possible source of fibroblasts/myofibroblasts in IPF lungs. We have previously reported that apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) has anti-fibrotic activity in experimental lung fibrosis. In this study, we determine whether ApoA1 modulates TGF-${\beta}1$-induced EMT in experimental lung fibrosis and clarify its mechanism of action. Methods: The A549 alveolar epithelial cell line was treated with TGF-${\beta}1$ with or without ApoA1. Morphological changes and expression of EMT-related markers, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin were evaluated. Expressions of Smad and non-Smad mediators and TGF-${\beta}1$ receptor type 1 ($T{\beta}RI$) and type 2 ($T{\beta}RII$) were measured. The silica-induced lung fibrosis model was established using ApoA1 overexpressing transgenic mice. Results: TGF-${\beta}1$-treated A549 cells were changed to the mesenchymal morphology with less E-cadherin and more N-cadherin expression. The addition of ApoA1 inhibited the TGF-${\beta}1$-induced change of the EMT phenotype. ApoA1 inhibited the TGF-${\beta}1$-induced increase in the phosphorylation of Smad2 and 3 as well as that of ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase mediators. In addition, ApoA1 reduced the TGF-${\beta}1$-induced increase in $T{\beta}RI$ and $T{\beta}RII$ expression. In a mouse model of silica-induced lung fibrosis, ApoA1 overexpression reduced the silica-mediated effects, which were increased N-cadherin and decreased E-cadherin expression in the alveolar epithelium. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that ApoA1 inhibits TGF-${\beta}1$-induced EMT in experimental lung fibrosis.
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