Effect of Restricted Suckling or Temporal Weaning on Some Physiological and Behavioural Stress Parameters in Zebu Cattle (Bos indicus)

Acevedo, N.,Hernandez, C.,Orihuela, A.,Lidfors, L.M.,Berg, C. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.8

This study investigated the effects of restricted suckling (RS) on some physiological and behavioural stress parameters compared to temporal weaning (TW). Twenty Brahman (Bos indicus) cow-calf pairs were assigned to one of two groups: Calves in the RS group were limited to suckle their dams once daily for 30 min during days 30 to 33, while calves in the TW group were removed from their dams during days 59 to 62 postpartum. Heart and respiratory rates, serum cortisol concentration and body temperature were registered in cows and calves. In addition, the number of steps was also registered in calves. All parameters were recorded 24, 48 and 72 h after the beginning of the two treatments, respectively. In TW calves, higher (p<0.05) cortisol concentration and number of steps were recorded in the 1st samples and 1$^{st}$ and 2$^{nd}$ observations, respectively. No difference was found in body temperature between treatments. However, respiration and heart rates differed in the 1$^{st}$ and 2$^{nd}$ observations, respectively. In general, a significant decrease (p<0.05) in these three parameters was observed over time. In cows, no differences were found in cortisol concentration or body temperature between treatments or with time. Heart and respiratory rates were lower (p<0.05) in the TW treatment only 24 h after beginning of treatment. It was concluded that (a) RS resulted in less behavioural and physiological indices of distress compared to TW in calves, although in general, differences were found only in some variables, mainly during the 1$^{st}$ day following start of the treatment, and there in a chance of age effects. (b) Cows were less affected than their young, regardless of the treatment applied.

El ge´nero periodi´stico en el espan~ol de los Estados Unidos

Acevedo, Rebeca,Pak, Chin-Sook 서울大學校 스페인中南美硏究所 2003 이베로아메리카硏究 Vol.14 No.-

The study of cross-cultural rhetorical patterns in written texts has been an area of growing interest during the last three decades. Contrastive Rhetoric, the hypothesis that different cultures can have different ways of organizing ideas which manifest themselves in different rhetorical systems, has become and influential research area, providing useful insights to understanding the forms, contents, and contexts that shape different types of texts across a variety of cultures. The present study examines a number of rhetorical and stylistic features in the editorials of La Opinio´n, the Spanish language newspaper with the largest circulation size in the United States. By comparing the findings with previous Contrastive Rhetoric studies on the genre of editorials from other prestigious newspapers such as The New York Times, El Pai´s (Madrid), and El Universal (Mexico City), the article highlights unique discourse features found in the Spanish of Los Angeles. The results of this study can be used to not only improve critical reading of these texts but also recognize the pluricentrality of cultures sharing the same Spanish language, in this case, Spain, Mexico and the United States.

OPENNESS OF ANOSOV FAMILIES

Acevedo, Jeovanny de Jesus Muentes Korean Mathematical Society 2018 대한수학회지 Vol.55 No.3

Anosov families were introduced by A. Fisher and P. Arnoux motivated by generalizing the notion of Anosov diffeomorphism defined on a compact Riemannian manifold. Roughly, an Anosov family is a two-sided sequence of diffeomorphisms (or non-stationary dynamical system) with similar behavior to an Anosov diffeomorphisms. We show that the set consisting of Anosov families is an open subset of the set consisting of two-sided sequences of diffeomorphisms, which is equipped with the strong topology (or Whitney topology).

Breast Cancer at Extreme Ages - a Comparative Analysis in Chile

Acevedo, Francisco,Camus, Mauricio,Sanchez, Cesar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.4

Background: Young onset breast cancer (BC) has a worse outcome as compared to in the elderly. However, some studies have shown that BC in the elderly, despite indolent features, does also cause increase in mortality. In an attempt to compare clinic-pathological characteristics, BC subtypes and survival in patients with BC presenting at extremes of age, we performed a retrospective study. Materials and Methods: Patients were either ${\leq}40$ or ${\geq}70$ years old. Subtypes were defined using immunohistochemistry and histological grade. Chi-Square test was used for evaluation of categorical variables, and Kaplan-meier and log-rank for disease-specific survival (DSS) and disease free survival (DFS). Results: We analyzed 256 patients ${\leq}40$ and 366 patients ${\geq}70$. Younger patients presented with more aggressive disease, with less luminal A but more luminal B and triple negative (TN) subtype. With a median follow-up of 57.5 months, DFS at 5 years in younger patients was 72.3% vs 84.6% in the elderly (p=0.007). Luminal A and B disease presented with worse DFS in younger patients. The opposite was seen in the TN subgroup. Although we found no significant differences in DSS, older patients with TN tumors died of BC more frequently. This group also received less chemotherapy. Conclusions: Young patients present with more aggressive disease, this translating into worse DFS. However, elderly patients with TN disease represent a particular subpopulation with worse DFS and DSS, suggesting that chemotherapy should not be withheld only because of age.

Pregelatinized starches enriched in slowly digestible and resistant fractions

Agama-Acevedo, Edith,Bello-Perez, Luis A.,Lim, Jongbin,Lee, Byung-Hoo,Hamaker, Bruce R. Elsevier 2018 LWT- Food science and technology Vol.97 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Consumption of slowly digestible and resistant starches (SDS and RS) is known to modulate postprandial glucose levels and attain extended glucose release. In this study, pregelatinized high-amylose maize starches (50 and 70 g amylose 100 g<SUP>−1</SUP> starch) were subjected to hydrothermal treatments [40 g water 100 g<SUP>−1</SUP>, heat-moisture treated (HMT) at 100 °C and low temperature-moisture treated (LMT) at 4 °C] to increase total amount of SDS and RS. Hydrothermal treatment of pregelatinized high-amylose starches produced higher amounts of SDS (27.0 and 26.4% for HMT and LMT amylomaize V, and 21.5 and 21.6% for HMT and LMT amylomaize VII) and RS (36.2 and 31.5 g/100 g, and 47.5 and 37.5 g/100 g, respectively), than pregelatinized normal or waxy starches (SDS - 2.3 and 3.2 g/100 g, and 13.7 and 15.8 g/100 g, respectively; and RS 10.2 and 7.8 g/100 g, and 12.4 and 11.0 g/100 g, respectively). Granule morphology was retained in pregelatinized high-amylose starches, apparently due to their restricted swelling. Starch debranching profiles showed a minor increase in DP 25-36 in SDS and RS, suggesting that higher intermediate fractions of the high-amylose starches may create an overall material effect resulting in slower digestion of hydrothermal treated starches. High SDS and RS in pregelatinized starches could be applied in cold-formed food products.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Treated pregel high-amylose starches have slowly digestible and resistant fractions. </LI> <LI> Starch fine structure contributes to slowly digestible starch formation. </LI> <LI> Treated pregelatinized starches could have use in cold-formed processed foods. </LI> </UL> </P>

House Dust Mite Allergy Under Changing Environments

Nathalie Acevedo,Josefina Zakzuk,Luis Caraballo 대한천식알레르기학회 2019 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.11 No.4

Environmental variations induced by industrialization and climate change partially explain the increase in prevalence and severity of allergic disease. One possible mechanism is the increase in allergen production leading to more exposure and sensitization in susceptible individuals. House dust mites (HDMs) are important sources of allergens inducing asthma and rhinitis, and experimentally they have been demonstrated to be very sensitive to microenvironment modifications; therefore, global or regional changes in temperature, humidity, air pollution or other environmental conditions could modify natural HDM growth, survival and allergen production. There is evidence that sensitization to HDMs has increased in some regions of the world, especially in the subtropical and tropical areas; however, the relationship of this increase with environmental changes is not so clear as has reported for pollen allergens. In this review, we address this point and explore the effects of current and predicted environmental changes on HDM growth, survival and allergen production, which could lead to immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization and allergic disease prevalence. We also assess the role of adjuvants of IgE responses, such as air pollution and helminth infections, and discuss the genetic and epigenetic aspects that could influence the adaptive process of humans to drastic and relatively recent environmental changes we are experiencing.

Measuring the Impact of Human Capital on the Economic Growth of South Korea

Sebastian Acevedo 한국경제연구학회 2008 Korea and the World Economy Vol.9 No.1

The aim of this paper is to measure total factor productivity (TFP) growth in Korea without taking into account quality differences in the labor factor. Therefore, assuming that Lucas (1988) theory of endogenous growth is correct, the standard TFP measure will be overestimated and will include the contribution of human capital to economic growth. Hence, regressing the TFP growth against a proxy of human capital (average years of schooling) will estimate the impact of education on the economic growth of Korea. The main result of the study shows that between 1980 and 2004 the Korean economy grew at an annual rate of 6.7% and human capital accumulation accounted for 1.3 percentage points of that rate.

Openness of Anosov families

Jeovanny de Jesus Muentes Acevedo 대한수학회 2018 대한수학회지 Vol.55 No.3

Anosov families were introduced by A. Fisher and P. Arnoux motivated by generalizing the notion of Anosov diffeomorphism defined on a compact Riemannian manifold. Roughly, an Anosov family is a two-sided sequence of diffeomorphisms (or non-stationary dynamical system) with similar behavior to an Anosov diffeomorphisms. We show that the set consisting of Anosov families is an open subset of the set consisting of two-sided sequences of diffeomorphisms, which is equipped with the strong topology (or Whitney topology).

Correlation between Ki67 and Histological Grade in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Preoperative Chemotherapy

Petric, Militza,Martinez, Santiago,Acevedo, Francisco,Oddo, David,Artigas, Rocio,Camus, Mauricio,Sanchez, Cesar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.23

Background and Aim: Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease and cell proliferation markers may help to identify subtypes of clinical interest. We here analyzed the correlation between cell proliferation determined by Ki67 and HG in BC patients undergoing preoperative chemotherapy (PCT). Materials and Methods: We obtained clinical/pathological data from patients with invasive BC treated at our institution from 1999 until 2012. Expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) and Ki67 were determined by immuno-histochemistry (IHC). Clinicopathological subtypes were defined as: Luminal A, ER and/or PR positive, HER2 negative, HG 1 or 2; Luminal B, ER and/or PR positive, HER2 negative or positive and/or HG 3; triple negative (TN), ER, PR and HER2 negative independent of HG; HER2 positive, ER, PR negative and HER2 positive, independent of HG. By using Ki67, a value of 14% separated Luminal A and B tumors, independently of the histological grade. We analyzed correlations between Ki67 and HG, to define BC subtypes and their predictive value for response to PCT. Results: 1,560 BC patients were treated in the period, 147 receiving PCT (9.5%). Some 57 had sufficient clinicopathological information to be included in the study. Median age was 52 years (26-72), with 87.7% invasive ductal carcinomas (n=50). We performed IHC for Ki67 in 40 core biopsies and 50 surgical biopsies, 37 paired samples with Ki67 before and after chemotherapy being available. There was no significant correlation between Ki67 and HG (p=0.237), both categorizing patients into different subtypes. In most cases Ki67 decreased after PCT (65.8%). Only 3 patients had pathologic complete response (cPR). Conclusions: In our experience we did not find associations between Ki67 and HG. Determination of clinicopathological luminal subtypes differs by using Ki67 or HG.

The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO): overview of pilot measurements on ecosystem ecology, meteorology, trace gases, and aerosols

Andreae, M. O.,Acevedo, O. C.,Araù,jo, A.,Artaxo, P.,Barbosa, C. G. G.,Barbosa, H. M. J.,Brito, J.,Carbone, S.,Chi, X.,Cintra, B. B. L.,da Silva, N. F.,Dias, N. L.,Dias-Jú,nior, C. Q.,Dita Copernicus GmbH 2015 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol.15 No.18

<P>Abstract. The Amazon Basin plays key roles in the carbon and water cycles, climate change, atmospheric chemistry, and biodiversity. It has already been changed significantly by human activities, and more pervasive change is expected to occur in the coming decades. It is therefore essential to establish long-term measurement sites that provide a baseline record of present-day climatic, biogeochemical, and atmospheric conditions and that will be operated over coming decades to monitor change in the Amazon region, as human perturbations increase in the future. The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) has been set up in a pristine rain forest region in the central Amazon Basin, about 150 km northeast of the city of Manaus. Two 80 m towers have been operated at the site since 2012, and a 325 m tower is nearing completion in mid-2015. An ecological survey including a biodiversity assessment has been conducted in the forest region surrounding the site. Measurements of micrometeorological and atmospheric chemical variables were initiated in 2012, and their range has continued to broaden over the last few years. The meteorological and micrometeorological measurements include temperature and wind profiles, precipitation, water and energy fluxes, turbulence components, soil temperature profiles and soil heat fluxes, radiation fluxes, and visibility. A tree has been instrumented to measure stem profiles of temperature, light intensity, and water content in cryptogamic covers. The trace gas measurements comprise continuous monitoring of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, and ozone at five to eight different heights, complemented by a variety of additional species measured during intensive campaigns (e.g., VOC, NO, NO2, and OH reactivity). Aerosol optical, microphysical, and chemical measurements are being made above the canopy as well as in the canopy space. They include aerosol light scattering and absorption, fluorescence, number and volume size distributions, chemical composition, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations, and hygroscopicity. In this paper, we discuss the scientific context of the ATTO observatory and present an overview of results from ecological, meteorological, and chemical pilot studies at the ATTO site. </P>