Simultaneous HPLC determination of multiple compounds in a cosmetic lotion

( Baeksun Abn ),( Cbulhee Jung ),( Hosoon Lim ),( Hoosub Lee ),( Sanghoon Lee ) 대한화장품학회 2003 대한화장품학회지 Vol.29 No.1

고속액체크로마토크래피 방법을 사용하여 동시에 arbutin, 메탄올에 녹인 methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl parben과 glablidine(유용성 감초추출물)을 파장 254와 276 nm 에서 Gradient methanol로 octadecyl culumn 을 사용하여 측정하였다. arbutin와 glablidine 농도 0.5-10 μg/ml, 파라벤류는 0.1-20μg/ml 에서 검량선이 직선으로 작성되었다. 검량이 직선으로 나타나 정량분석을 할 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 샘플 전처리가 크로마토그래피로 측정하기에 좋은 방법이란 것을 판정하기 위하여 일반로션을 사용하여 판정하였다. 이 방법의 정확도는 모든 즉정물질(arbutin, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, glablidine)의 회수율 상대표준편차(RSD)가(0.28-2.55%) 나타나 신뢰성 있는 결과를 보였다. A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of arbutine, a mixture of methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl parabens dissolved in methanol and Glrablidine(Oil Soluble Licorice), was studied by usmg a ODS C18 column and a methanol gradient at 254 and 276 nm. Calibration curves were found to be linear in the 0.5-10 μg/ml range(compounds arbutine, glrablidin) and 0.1-20 μg/ml(compounds methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben). Linear regression analysis of the data demonstrates the efficacy of the method in terms of precision and accuracy. An extraction method is developed and validated in order to apply this chromatographic method to a cosmetic lotion. The precision of this method, calculated as the relative standard deviation(RSD) of the recoveries(0.28-2.55%) was excellent for all compounds.

아급성 혈행성 골수염

안재인(Jae In Abn),김병석(Byoung-Suck Kim),원예연(Ye Yeon Won),윤여헌(Yeo Hon Yun) 대한정형외과학회 1996 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.31 No.3

조선 전기 중화주의와 내치,외교 관계

안외순 ( Woe Soon Abn ) 한서대학교 동양고전연구소 2014 동방학 Vol.31 No.-

기존 연구들에서 강조되었듯이 중국에서 중화주의의 출발은 지역성, 종족성, 문화우월주의의 성격을 지녔다. 하지만 이러한 문화제국주의적 요소의 중화주의는 유교와 만나면서 轉變이 일어났다. ‘유교적 중화주의’는 철저하게 도덕적/문화적/덕치적 기준을 중화의 척도로 삼았기 때문이다. 때문에 ‘유교적 중화주의’는 반패권 /반군사 /반전쟁 논리를 속성으로 하게 되었고, 덕분에 공존적/평화적/도덕적 성격을 띠면서 유교 문화권에서 약소국의 안전을 보장받는 보편적 문명관이 될 수 있었다. 그래서 동북아의 약소국인 한반도의 통치자들 역시 고대부터 적극적으로 ‘유교적 중화주의’는 물론 그 현실태인 사대질서체제, 곧 조공책봉 관계를 수용했던 것이다. 조선의 건국자들 및 전기의 통치자들은 이를 더욱 적극적으로 수용하여 내치와 외교에서 각각 기자조선과 동주건설을, 외천의 사대와 낙천의 사대를 이상으로 표방하였던 것이다. 그리고 이는 강대국을 주변국으로 둔 약소국 조선이 자존감을 지키면서 현실적 실리를 취할 수 있는 보편문명의 지향노선이면서도 전략적 선택이었던 것이다. As existing studies have stressed, the beginning of Sinocentrism was characterized by regionality, ethnicity and cultural supremacy. However, Sinocentrism with these elements of cultural imperialism mutated through encounter with Confucianism. It is because ‘Confucian Sinocentrism’ thoroughly took ethical / cultural / benevolent government standards as its criteria of Sinocentric idea. Thus, ‘Confucian Sinocentrism’ was based on antihegemony / antimilitary / antiwar logic, which contributed Confucian Sinocentrism to be a universal view of civilization that secured safety of small and weak states within Confucian culture. For these attributes of ‘Confucian Sinocentrism,’ rulers of the small Korean Peninsula in East Asia were deeply fascinated with it and since unified Silla dynasty, they actively adopted not only Confucian Sinocentrism but also toadyism which presented the reality of Confucian Sinocentrism, in other words, the tribute-investiture relation. ‘Confucianism as a national policy’ and ‘Ming-Friendly toadyism’ that founders of Joseon actually put up for their domestic and foreign political line was also the result of ‘Confucian Sinocentrism,’ which was orientation toward ideal and universal civilization available at that time.

Inhibitory Effect of Deer Antler Aqua-acupunture (DAA) on Cathepsin S Activity and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Rats

안형준,김갑성,Abn, Hyung-jun,Kim, Kap-sung The Korean AcupunctureMoxibustion Medicine Society 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.3

목적 : 시스테인 단백분해 효소인 cathepsin는 인간과 생쥐의 항원제시세포에서 II형 주적합항원 불변사슬(MHC class II invariant chain)의 분해에 관여한다. 본 연구는 녹용 약침액이 류마티스 관절염 생쥐 모델의 골조직(연골과 활액) 유래 cathepsin 활성에 미치는 영향을 검정하였다. 방법 : 관절염 동물모델은 BALb/c계 생쥐를 생후 3일에 흉선 적출(3d-Tx)을 하여 만들었다. 동물모델의 골조직, 임파절세포, 비장 등을 녹용처치군과 대조군으로 나누어 cathepsin의 활성도 및 자가항원 특이(C-II-specific) T-세포의 활성도를 비교 분석하였다. 결과 : 각 장기에서 cathepsin S의 활성은 녹용약침 처치군에서 농도 의존적으로 유의성 있게 억제되었고, T-세포 특이 자가항원반응은 녹용약침 처치군의 임파절 세포에서 유의성있게 억제되었다. 그리고 T-세포 특이 자가항원 반응의 불활성화에는 녹용 10~20ug/ml의 용량으로 충분하였다. 결론 : 이러한 실험결과는 녹용 약침액이 cathepsin S를 선택적으로 억제시켜 류마티스 관절염과 같은 자가면역 질환에 유효한 치료약물로 사용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

펄프.제지산업(製紙産業) 폐수(廢水)의 특성(特性)과 생물학적(生物學的) 처리기술(處理技術)

안지환,임미희,Abn, Ji-Whan,Lim, Mi-Hee 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2009 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.18 No.2

본고는 펄프 제지산업 폐수에 함유된 오염물질들의 특성과 생물학적 처리기술들에 대해 설명한다. 펄프 제지산업 폐수는 고농도의 생화학적 산소요구량 (BOD)과 화학적 산소요구량 (COD)을 포함하고 높은 독성을 보이며 강한 흑갈색을 띠는 것이 특징이다. 특히, 펄프의 표백공정에서 리그닌의 염소화에 의해 다이옥신, 퓨란과 같은 독성의 유기염소화합물이 형성된다는 것이 알려져있다. 이에 따라 최근 펄프 제지산업은 기존의 표백처리를 무염소공정(TCF)으로 대체하고 있다. 펄프 제지산업 폐수처리에 사용되는 모든 생물학적 기술들은 폐수와 박테리아의 접촉 메커니즘에 기반을 두고 있는데, 이것은 박테리아가 폐수 내 유기물질을 먹이로 이용하여 세포로 전환함으로써 폐수 내 BOD농도를 감소시키는 것이다. 펄프 제지산업 폐수의 생물학적 처리에서 호기성 처리와 혐기성 처리 모두 효과적인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 뿐만 아니라, 최근 곰팡이류를 이용한 생물학적 처리, 생물-응집-여과기법을 혼용한 처리 등도 폐수처리분야에 새롭게 적용되었다. 이러한 기술들로 처리된 폐수를 펄프 제지공정에 재활용함으로써 제조공정의 물소비량을 상당히 감소시킬 수 있다. This paper describes characteristics of pollutants in wastewater from the pulp and paper industry and biological technologies for the wastewater treatment. The wastewater from the pulp and paper industry contains high concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) and shows high toxicity and strong black-brown color. In particular, organic chlorinated compounds such as dioxins and furans may be formed by the chlorination of lignin in wood chips. Thus the pulp and paper industry is recently trending toward total chlorine-free (TCF) bleaching processes. All biological technologies for pulp and paper wastewater treatment are based on the contact between wastewater and bacteria, which feed on organic materials in the wastewater, thus they reduce BOD concentration in it. Both aerobic and anaerobic treatments were found to be effective for the wastewater treatment. Furthermore, advanced technologies such as fungal application and combined biological-filtration process have been also introduced to the wastewater treatment field. These technologies would be useful for water recycling to reduce water consumption throughout pulp and paper making process.

제왕절개술을 위한 Atracurium 의 점적주입속도와 근이완에서의 자연회복

김종훈,안은경,한정욱,황경일,조범준,신양식 대한마취과학회 1997 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.32 No.4

Background: Atracurium, a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, is eliminated by Hofmann elimination and not affected by pseudocholinesterase(pChe). Many reports show fall in pChe activity during pregnancy and our measurement failed to prove it. However, the authors found previously the infusion rate of mivacurium, which is metabolized by pChe, to achieve surgical relaxation is decreased. So, we compared the difference in the infusion rate of atracurium between full-term pregnant and nonpregnant women. Methods: Muscle relaxation of full-term pregnant women(C group, n=10) and nonpregnant women (Non-C group, n=10) was maintained by continuous infusion of atracurium to keep 1st response of TOF at 5 1%. After discontinuance of infusion, recovery index was measured without reversals using the accelerograph. Results: There was no significant difference in infusion rate of atracurium to maintain 1st twitch response of TOF at 5 1% and recovery index between two groups. There was little correlation between the total infusion time and infusion rate, or between the total infusion time and recovery index. Conclusion: The atracurium infusion rate in parturients to maintain muscle relaxation was not different from that in non-parturients. For Cesarean section, the usual infusion rate of atracurium is recommended to achieve the adequate surgical relaxation. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1997; 32: 561∼566)

허혈양상화와 K_ATP 통로가 허혈후 재관류된 흰쥐의 골격근육에서 SOD 활성 및 apoptosis에 미치는 영향

안동춘,백두진,양홍현,Abn, Dong-choon,Paik, Doo-jin,Yang, Hong-hyun 대한수의학회 1999 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.39 No.5

Ischemic preconditioing (IPC), i.e., a preliminary brief episode of ischemia and reperfusion, has been shown to reduce the cell damage induced by long ischemia and reperfusion. Superoxide radical which is produced during reperfusion after ischemia was recognized as a factor of the ischemic injury and it is dismutated into $H_2O_2$ and $O_2$ by two types of intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD), Cu,Zn-SOD in cytoplasm and Mn-SOD in mitochondria. Recently oxygen free radicals are suggested to induce the apoptosis, however mechanism of the reduced apoptosis by ischemic preconditioing was unknown, while many studies performed in mammalian heart indicated that ATP-sensitive $K^+$ ($K_{APT}$) channel activation related with the protective effects. The aim of present study is to investigate 1) whether IP upregulate the Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD activities, and 2) whether ischemic preconditioning decreases apoptosis via $K_{APT}$ channel activation in timely reperfused skeletal muscle after long ishemia. The experimental animals, Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250~300g, were divided into 8 groups; 1) control group, 2) ischemic preconditioning only groups, 3) pinacidil, a $K_{APT}$ channel opener, treatment only groups, 4) glibenclamide, a $K_{APT}$ channel blocker, treatment only groups, 5) ischemia groups, 6) ischemia after IPC groups, 7) ischemia and pinacidil treatment groups, and 8) IP and ischemia after glibenclamide pretreatment groups. Animals of the control group were administered with the vehicle (DMSO) alone. Pinacidil (1mg/kg) was administered intravenously 5 minutes after initiation of ischemia, and glibenclamide (0.5mg/kg) was injected intravenously 20 minutes before IPC. In rats that were ischemic preconditioned, the left common iliac artery was occluded for 5 minutes followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion by three times using vascular clamp. Ischemia was done by occlusion of the same artery for 4 hours. The specimens of left rectus femoris muscle were obtained immediately (0 hour), 12 hours, 24 hours after drug administrations, IP or ischemia and reperfusion. The immunoreactivities of SOD and its alterations were observed by use of sheep antihuman Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD antibodies on the $10{\mu}m$ cryosections. The incidencies of apoptosis were observed by TUNEL methods with in situ apoptosis detection kit on $6{\mu}m$ paraffine section. The results obtained were as follows : 1. After IPC, immunoreactivities of Cu,Zn-SOD mainly in the small-sized fibers were increased by 24 hours, that of Mn-SOD at 0 hour and 24 hours. 2. No significant changes in immunoreactivities of SOD was observed in the pinacidil and in the glibenclamide treatment only groups, and in the ischemia only groups. 3. The immunoreactivities of the Cu,Zn-SOD were increased in the ischemia after IPC groups and the ischemia and pinacidil treatment groups. 4. The immunoreactivities of the Cu,Zn-SOD in the IPC and ischemia after glibenclamide pretreatment groups were not increased except for the 12 hours reperfusion group. But, Mn-SOD immunoreactivities were increased in the 0 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours after reperfusion. 5. In the control group, the IPC only groups, and the pinacidil treatment only groups, negative or trace apoptotic reactions were observed, but the positive apoptotic reaction occured in the glibenclamide treatment groups. 6. Moderate or many number of apoptosis were revealed in the ischemia groups, and also the IPC and ischemia after glibenclamide pretreatment group except for 12 hours and 24 hours after reperfusion. However, the incidence of apoptosis was decreased in the ischemia after IPC groups and in the ischemia and pinacidil treatment groups. 7. There is a coincidence between the increase of Cu,Zn-SOD immunoreactivities and the decrease of apoptosis in the presence of ischemia and reperfusion. These results suggest that the protective effec

The Significance of the Analytical Sciences in Environmental Assessment

Yong Chung,Hye-Won Abn 한국분석과학회 1995 분석과학 Vol.8 No.4

비전통오일 디샌더의 내부 형상에 따른 입자 분리 효율 비교

이현규(Hyungyu Lee),안성율(Seongyool Abn),성호진(Hojin Sung),박정규(Jeong-gyu Bak),이세욱(Seawook Lee),임명섭(Myungsub Lim) 한국환경에너지공학회 2022 한국열환경공학회 학술대회지 Vol.2022 No.2

이산화탄소 배출 문제 해결을 위해 대한민국을 포함한 세계적으로 탄소 연료에서 탈피하여 친환경에너지로 전환하고 있는 추세이다. 하지만, 완전한 전환 이전에 과도기적 구간에서 는 석탄과 석유를 이용한 기촌 설 비 를 효율적으로 사용하여야 한다. 자원의 고갈 문제를 겪었던 석유의 경우, 셰일 오일 기 술의 개발로 향후 에너지 페러다임의 완전 전환 이전까지 사용 가능하게 하였다. 본 연구에서 는 셰일 오일 추출 과정에서 고체 형상의 불순물을 제거하기 위한 Desander의 내부 형상이 입자 크기 에 따른 분리 효율을 분석하기 위하여 FLUENT를 이용하여 전산 수치해석을 진행하였다. 전산 수치해석의 모델 검증을 위해서 기존 논문의 데이터를 이용하였으며, 주요 형상 변수에 따른 입자 제거 효율을 점검하였다.

SNS 몰래카메라 사진 유포 및 명예훼손 사례 ―광주지방법원 2021. 7. 23. 선고 2021고단1566 사건을 중심으로

安賢周 ( Ahn Hyunjoo ) 아세아여성법학회 2021 아세아여성법학 Vol.24 No.-