The global prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abedi, Behnam,Akbari, Mehran,KhodaShenas, Sahar,Tabibzadeh, Alireza,Abedi, Ali,Ghasemikhah, Reza,Soheili, Marzieh,Bayazidi, Shnoo,Moradi, Yousef The Korean Pediatric Society 2021 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.64 No.11

Background: Toxocariasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati in humans. Various types of T. canis are important. Purpose: The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics in the context of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: The MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health databases were searched to identify peer-reviewed studies published between January 2000 and December 2019 that report the prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics. The evaluation of articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria was performed by 2 researchers individually. Results: The results of 31 relevant studies indicated that the prevalence of Toxocara spp. was 3%-79% in 10,676 cases. The pooled estimate of global prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics was 30 (95% confidence interval, 22%-37%; I²=99.11%; P=0.00). The prevalence was higher in Asian populations than in European, American, and African populations. Conclusion: Health policymakers should be more attentive to future research and approaches to Toxocara spp. and other zoonotic diseases to improve culture and identify socioeconomically important factors.

Estimating the Survival of Patients With Lung Cancer: What Is the Best Statistical Model?

Abedi, Siavosh,Janbabaei, Ghasem,Afshari, Mahdi,Moosazadeh, Mahmood,Alashti, Masoumeh Rashidi,Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Akbar,Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza,Abedini, Ehsan The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2019 예방의학회지 Vol.52 No.2

Objectives: Investigating the survival of patients with cancer is vitally necessary for controlling the disease and for assessing treatment methods. This study aimed to compare various statistical models of survival and to determine the survival rate and its related factors among patients suffering from lung cancer. Methods: In this retrospective cohort, the cumulative survival rate, median survival time, and factors associated with the survival of lung cancer patients were estimated using Cox, Weibull, exponential, and Gompertz regression models. Kaplan-Meier tables and the log-rank test were also used to analyze the survival of patients in different subgroups. Results: Of 102 patients with lung cancer, 74.5% were male. During the follow-up period, 80.4% died. The incidence rate of death among patients was estimated as 3.9 (95% confidence [CI], 3.1 to 4.8) per 100 person-months. The 5-year survival rate for all patients, males, females, patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) was 17%, 13%, 29%, 21%, and 0%, respectively. The median survival time for all patients, males, females, those with NSCLC, and those with SCLC was 12.7 months, 12.0 months, 16.0 months, 16.0 months, and 6.0 months, respectively. Multivariate analyses indicated that the hazard ratios (95% CIs) for male sex, age, and SCLC were 0.56 (0.33 to 0.93), 1.03 (1.01 to 1.05), and 2.91 (1.71 to 4.95), respectively. Conclusions: Our results showed that the exponential model was the most precise. This model identified age, sex, and type of cancer as factors that predicted survival in patients with lung cancer.

NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL INCLUSIONS OF SEMIMONOTONE AND CONDENSING TYPE IN HILBERT SPACES

Abedi, Hossein,Jahanipur, Ruhollah Korean Mathematical Society 2015 대한수학회보 Vol.52 No.2

In this paper, we study the existence of classical and generalized solutions for nonlinear differential inclusions $x^{\prime}(t){\in}F(t,x(t))$ in Hilbert spaces in which the multifunction F on the right-hand side is hemicontinuous and satisfies the semimonotone condition or is condensing. Our existence results are obtained via the selection and fixed point methods by reducing the problem to an ordinary differential equation. We first prove the existence theorem in finite dimensional spaces and then we generalize the results to the infinite dimensional separable Hilbert spaces. Then we apply the results to prove the existence of the mild solution for semilinear evolution inclusions. At last, we give an example to illustrate the results obtained in the paper.

Survival Rate of Breast Cancer in Iran: A Meta-Analysis

Abedi, Ghasem,Janbabai, Ghasem,Moosazadeh, Mahmood,Farshidi, Fereshte,Amiri, Mohammad,Khosravi, Ahmad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.10

Background: There has not been a general estimation about survival rates of breast cancer cases in Iran. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess survival using a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: International credible databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Science direct and Google Scholar and Iranian databases such as Magiran, Irandoc and SID, from 1997 to 2015 were searched. All articles covering survival rate of breast cancer were entered into the study without any limits. Quality assessment of the articles and data extraction were performed by two researchers using the modified STROBE checklist, which includes 12 questions. Articles with scores greater than 8 were included in the analysis. A limitation of this meta-analysis was different methods for presenting of results in the papers surveyed. Results: A total of 21 articles with a sample of 12,195 people were analyzed. The one-year, three-year, five-year and ten-year survival rates of breast cancer in Iran were estimated to be 95.8% (94.6-97.0), 82.4% (79.0-85.8), 69.5% (64.5-74.5), 58.1% (39.6-76.6), respectively. The most important factors affecting survival of breast cancer were age, number of lymph nodes involved, size of the tumor and the stage of the disease. Conclusion: The five- and ten- year survival rates in Iran are lower than in developed countries. Conducting breast cancer screening plan support (including regular clinical examination, mammography), public training and raising awareness should be helpful in facilitating early diagnosis and increasing survival rates for Iranian women.

Analysis of the Influence of Electrical Discharge Machining Parameters on Surface Roughness of CK45

Abedi, Esmail,Daneshmand, Saeed,Karimi, Iman,Neyestanak, A. A. Lotfi The Korean Electrochemical Society 2015 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.6 No.4

Electrical discharge machining is an unconventional machining process in which successive sparks applied to machine the electrically conductive materials. Any changes in electrical discharge machining parameters lead to the pieces with distinct surface roughness. The electrical discharge machining process is well applied for high hardness materials or when it is difficult to use traditional techniques to do material removing. Furthermore, this method is widely applied in industries such as aerospace, automobile, molding, and tool making. CK45 is one of the important steels in industrial and electrical discharge machining can be considered as a proper way for its machining because of high hardness of CK45 after thermal operation of the electrical discharge machining process. Optimization of surface roughness as an output parameters as well as electrical discharge machining parameters including current, voltage and frequency for electrical discharge machining of CK45 has been studied using copper tools and kerosene as the dielectric. For such a purpose and to achieve the precise statistical analysis of the experiment results design of experiment was applied while non linear regression method was chosen to assess the response of surface roughness. Then, the results were analyzed by means of ANOVA method and machining parameters with more effects on the desired outputs were determined. Finally, mathematical model obtained for surface roughness.

A review of the neuroprotective effects of andrographolide in Alzheimer's disease

Abedi Zahra,Basri Hamidon,Hassan Zurina,Mat Liyana Najwa Inche,Khaza’ai Huzwah,Mohamad Nur Afiqah 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2021 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.21 No.2

Alzheimer’s disease, characterized by amyloid beta peptides and neurofibrillary tangles, is the most prevalent cause of demen-tia. Nowadays, some novel medicines being developed have displayed more illustrious therapeutic efficacies in Alzheimer’s disease. Recent studies have found andrographolide exhibiting therapeutic efficacy in a variety of Alzheimer’s disease models. Andrographolide is a traditional herbal medicine compound extracted from Andrographis paniculata. Evidence has shown that andrographolide reduces amyloid beta aggregation and suppresses neuroinflammatory response and synaptic dysfunction by reversing the microglia-mediated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as Alzheimer’s disease-associated reduction in synaptic proteins. In the present review, the pharmacological effects of andrographolide are summarized and its mechanism of action against Alzheimer’s disease is discussed to discover the possibilities of andrographolide for Alzhei-mer’s disease prevention and therapy.

Diet intervention to improve cardiovascular risk factors among Iranian postmenopausal women

Abedi, Parvin,Lee, Mary Huang-Soo,Kandiah, Mirnalini,Yassin, Zaitun,Shojaeezade, Davood,Hosseini, Mostafa,MSc, Reza Malihi The Korean Nutrition Society 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol. No.

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability and remains so in the future. The aim of this study was to detect the impact of a 6-month diet intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal Iranian women. It was a randomized controlled trial that carried out in the East Health Clinic in Ahvaz-Iran. This study started on June 2007 and was completed on May 2008. A total 64 healthy postmenopausal women recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention group (35) and control (29). Over the six months follow-up, the intervention group received five educational sessions (two face to face and three lecture discussion classes with slide demonstration) at the first month. These sessions were about menopause, cardiovascular disease and healthy diet. Every participant in the intervention group received one face to face education session at the $3^{rd}$ month, and also received a telephone call at the end of each month starting with the second month to remain on the diet. Pre-intervention and post-intervention anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, blood lipids and dietary intake were assessed. Data analyzed using the SPSS version 15. Descriptive (means and SD), univariate (paired-t test, Chi-Square and Independent T-test) and multivariate (GLM Repeated Measure) statistics were used. Participants in the diet group had significantly lower weight (-0.9 kg), body mass index (-0.4 $kg/m^2$), and fasting blood sugar (-4.5 mg/dl). The diet group significantly increased their daily intake of fiber (+2.3 g, P=0.05), decreased their intake of sodium (-28 mg, P=0.04), and consumption of fruit and vegetable ${\geq}$ 5 serving a day (80%, P=0.03) compared to the control group. Post menopausal women are at a greater risk for cardiovascular disease. Healthy diet using educational intervention can be an effective means of reducing cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women.

COHOMOGENEITY ONE RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS OF CONSTANT POSITIVE CURVATURE

Abedi, Hosein,Kashani, Seyed Mohammad Bagher Korean Mathematical Society 2007 대한수학회지 Vol.44 No.4

In this paper we study non-simply connected Riemannian manifolds of constant positive curvature which have an orbit of codimension one under the action of a connected closed Lie subgroup of isometries. When the action is reducible we characterize the orbits explicitly. We also prove that in some cases the manifold is homogeneous.

Performance of Different Rice Genotypes Against Blast Pathogen Through Linked Molecular Markers

Abedi, Fatemeh,Babaeiyan, Nadali,Moumeni, Ali 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.2

In order to study the function of blast resistance gene and estimate resistance scale to Pyricularia grisea Sacc., the cause of Rice Blast Disease in rice, we evaluated 58 rice genotypes for phenotypic and molecular assessment. Phenotypic tests were conducted in a blast upland nursery and also in the greenhouse by using specific races of blast IA-82 and IA-90 in the greenhouse and local races for the nursery. The traits assessed consisted of infection type (IT), percent diseased leaf area (DLA) (in both nursery and greenhouse), and lesion number (LN), lesion size (LS, $mm^2$) only in greenhouse conditions. Molecular assessment was done by using three STS, JJ80, JJ81, and JJ113, and four microsatellite markers, RM224, RM277, RM463, and RM179 which are linked to resistance genes on rice chromosomes. Genotypes had different reactions against blast races in the phenotypic part of experiment. Consequently, all genotypes were divided into three groups with high, intermediate, and susceptible resistance. Our results indicated that partial resistant genotypes are preferable for achieving durable control. Eventually, the association test between molecular data and phenotypic results showed that there is a significant level for some of the SSR markers. This means there is at least one race-specific resistance gene in the genetic sources of these genotypes that bring about resistance functions to the blast races. These results demonstrated the existence of functional resistance genes in Iranian rice genotypes. Thus, these functional genes are responsible for some parts of resistance that have been measured in phenotypic tests. Our results could be useful for breeding programs to make some modifications in the rice germplasm and would also be applicable for the marker-assisted selection process.

Trading off between dynamic strain aging and substructure evolution in κ-carbide-free lightweight steel at room temperature

Abedi, H.R.,Zarei Hanzaki, A.,Nemati, N.,Kim, Dae-Eun Elsevier 2018 Scripta materialia Vol.157 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The previous proposed models to describe the room temperature dynamic strain aging of twinning-induced-plasticity steels appear to be theoretically invalid in the case of lightweight grades. The proposed theory in the present work accentuates the high capability of the experimented dilute solid solution in progressive formation and refinement of the cell structures. The higher dislocation population in the cell-walls in comparison to that of cell-interiors is viable enough to increase the stress assisted drift and stimulate the sub-boundaries preferred sites to accommodate the solutes. The short-range dislocation core diffusion enables the cell-walls to assist the strain aging to occur.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>