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Characterization of Selected Rice Varieties Adapted in Africa
( Abebe Megersa ),( Jeonghwan Seo ),( Joong Hyoun Chin ),( Backki Kim ),( Hee-jong Koh ) 한국육종학회 2016 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.4 No.3
Rice varieties developed through the inter-specific crosses between Asian (Oryza sativa L.) and African cultivated rice (O. glaberrima Steud.) have contributed to yield enhancement of African rice. However, the genetic diversity and genetic structure of the African varieties have rarely been reported. In this study, we characterized 40 rice varieties including rice released in Africa based on eleven yield related agronomic traits and 96 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. They were grouped into three categories based on the cluster analysis using agronomic traits. Meanwhile, they were grouped into two distinct clusters, indica and japonica-type, based on the genetic distance using 96 SNP markers. CG14, which belongs to O. glaberrima, was found to be an admixture type between indica and japonica. The number of secondary branches (SBs) was the only agronomic trait which was significantly different between two groups. The results of this study provide basic agronomic and genomic information of cultivated and tested rice varieties for Africa, that would be helpful for further rice varietal improvement in Africa.
Surrogate-based multi-point forming process optimization for dimpling and wrinkling reduction
Abebe, M.,Lee, K.,Kang, B. S. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TE Vol.85 No.1
<P>Multi-point forming (MPF) has been gaining attention for use in flexible sheet metal forming, since it is conducive to the manufacture of various shapes. However, discrete punch elements may induce either dimples or wrinkles, resulting in defective products. To address these forming issues, this study aims to eliminate both dimpling and wrinkling by adjusting parameters such as the punch speed, punch pressure (cushion compressive strain ratio), and elastic cushion thickness through multi-objective optimization. Evaluation of dimpling and wrinkling under variation in these three MPF parameters benefits from ordinary Kriging for computational efficiency. Multi-objective optimization with a genetic algorithm is used to determine the Pareto fronts of the dimpling and wrinkling measures, and a technique for order preferences by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is performed for identifying the best candidate among the Pareto optima. Finally, a dimpling-and-wrinkling-free TOPSIS solution is numerically verified by comparison with results of a full model simulation and experimentally validated by its application to a manufactured product.</P>
Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of Panicle Tip Mutant pnt in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Abebe Megersa Diriba,Dongryung Lee,Jeonghwan Seo,Backki Kim,Zhuo Jin,Hee-Jong Koh 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07
In the rice inflorescence development, timing of inflorescent meristem abortion, conversion of the rachis branch meristem to the terminal spikelet meristem and shift to lateral meristem identity determine the overall architecture of the rice panicle (keda-Kawakatsu et al. 2009). Cheng et al. (2011) reported that quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have major effects on panicle apical abortion in rice. However, there have been very few reports about panicle tip mutants. Therefore, this research is conducted to fine map mutant gene and perform functional analysis of mutant gen. Hwacheongbyeo (japonica rice) seed was treated with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) for inducing mutation. Two F2 population (Japanica mutant crossed with wild type and Japanica mutant crossed with Milyang 23, Indica type) were established for Phenotyping and genomic analysis. STS markers in crop molecular Breeding laboratory. Additional STS markers for fine mapping were developed based on the Nipponbare genome sequence (http://rgp.dna.affrc.go.jp/blast/runblast.html). All F2 generations showed the segregation of normal plants and mutant following a ratio of 3:1 suggesting the mutant phenotype is caused by a single recessive gene. Initial BSA test made using STS markers confirmed the mutant gene is found in the long arm of chromosome 8. Panicle tip mutant gene, pnt has pleotropic effect which has been manifested in significant reduction of tiller development starting from late stage of vegetative growth and pronounced effect on possession of stay green nature of the rice during the vegetative stage of development. The only significant difference observed within panicle traits is the number of spikelet on primary branch and spikelet fertility. The first primary branch which contain aborted spikelet and elongated distance between spikelet is the most affected structure in the panicle.