An analysis of dietary fiber and fecal fiber components including pH in rural Africans with colorectal cancer

Mohammed Faruk,Sani Ibrahim,Ahmed Adamu,Abdulmumini Hassan Rafindadi,Yahaya Ukwenya,Yawale Iliyasu,Abdullahi Adamu,Surajo Mohammed Aminu,Mohammed Sani Shehu,Danladi Amodu Ameh,Abdullahi Mohammed,Saad 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.1

Background/Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is now a major public health problem with heavy morbidity and mortality in rural Africans despite the lingering dietary fiber-rich foodstuffs consumption. Studies have shown that increased intake of dietary fiber which contribute to low fecal pH and also influences the activity of intestinal microbiota, is associated with a lowered risk for CRC. However, whether or not the apparent high dietary fiber consumption by Africans do not longer protects against CRC risk is unknown. This study evaluated dietary fiber intake, fecal fiber components and pH levels in CRC patients. Methods: Thirty-five subjects (CRC=21, control=14), mean age 45 years were recruited for the study. A truncated food frequency questionnaire and modified Goering and Van Soest procedures were used. Results: We found that all subjects consumed variety of dietary fiber-rich foodstuffs. There is slight preponderance in consumption of dietary fiber by the control group than the CRC patients. We also found a significant difference in the mean fecal neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin contents from the CRC patients compared to the controls (P <0.05). The CRC patients had significantly more fecal pH level than the matched apparently healthy controls (P =0.017). Conclusions: The identified differences in the fecal fiber components and stool pH levels between the 2 groups may relate to CRC incidence and mortality in rural Africans. There is crucial need for more hypothesis-driven research with adequate funding on the cumulative preventive role of dietary fiber-rich foodstuffs against colorectal cancer in rural Africans “today.” (Intest Res 2018;16:99-108)

Intelligent Offline Multi Object Recognition Walking Stick for The Blind

Ibrahim Mohammed Abdullahi,Olayemi Mikail Olaniyi,Jacob Omokhafe Irefu,Sangwon Oh,Ibrahim Aliyu 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2021 The Journal of Contents Computing Vol.3 No.2

Vision is one of the most important characteristics of a human that aid their day to day activities. Loss of vision however affects the ability of humans to freely navigate their environment and recognized objects along their path. Existing object recognition systems for the blind are mostly cloud based and its performance depends on reliable internet access. This makes them unsuitable in places with unreliable internet. Therefore, in this paper, a multi-object recognition intelligent walking stick for the blind that is completely independent of the internet was developed. The system is divided into three units, detection, recognition and communication units. The detection unit make use of an ultrasonic sensor and a buzzer, for informing the user of an impending obstacle. The recognition system makes use of a camera for capturing images with Convolutionary Neural Network architecture and Mobile Network Single Shot Multi-Box Detector (MobileNet SSD) for detecting objects in images. The communication unit transmits the recognised objects through voice to the user in English Language. The entire system was deployed in a Raspberry Pi microcontroller due to its processing power. The result obtained from testing of the device on the field showed that the recognition unit achieved an average sensitivity, specificity, precision and accuracy of 87.26%, 67.45%, 89.07%, 82.50% respectively. This shows that the system is reliable and can be used in recognizing objects for the blind.

A Novel Interactive IoT-Based Smart Electricity Power Consumption Management System

Ibrahim Mohammed Abdullahi,Peter Nanpon Gambo,Martins Ake,Ibrahim Aliyu,Seungmin Oh,Jinsul Kim 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2021 The Journal of Contents Computing Vol.3 No.2

Effective and efficient management of electric power is of significant benefit to the end users and a nation’s economy at large. The unnecessary huge bills and feuds that occur very often in developing countries like Nigeria after every billing period are often because of energy wastage and improper use of energy. This challenge hereby presents us with the need to not only create awareness but to also develop systems that allow for efficient and economic use of electric power. The existing meters that attempt to handle this challenge are in some cases analog, or not interactive, expensive and imposing. These systems are said to be imposing because they do not afford the user the right of deciding what he/she wants to spend in a billing period. Even with the emergence of prepaid meters, users are still unable to interact with individual connection points and decide what is consumed there so as to enhance conservation. These problems have already brought to table the need to develop systems that are automated, yet interactive and smart. The solution is an interactive smart electric consumption management system. Thus, this research work is formed around interaction and smartness. A linPrec Scheduling Algorithm is used to predict what each connection point requires in a billing period by interpolating between previous data points on the system. With the Android App, the User is allowed to communicate with every connection point in the apartment and comfortably determine how much they are willing to spend on electricity in a billing period. The http client guarantees data arrival with a worst-case average response time of 2.095s and a best-case average response time of 0.894s. Also, the power measurement had a Mean Absolute Error of 8.89% which implies high accuracy of 91.1%.

Intelligent Bi-modal Timetable-aware Biometric Attendance System for Enhanced Classroom Attendance

Ibrahim Mohammed Abdullahi,Danlami Maliki,Abdulmalik Muhammad Abubakar,Young-Ae Jung,Kwangki Kim,Ibrahim Aliyu 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2022 The Journal of Contents Computing Vol.4 No.2

Application of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for the extraction of aromatic compounds from contaminated water

Abdullahi Yakubu,Zaharaddeen Sani Gano,Omar Umar Ahmed,Suleiman Mohammed Shuwa,Abdulazeez Yusuf Atta,Baba Yakubu Jibril 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.5

Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (DES) was synthesized from TBAB and decanoic acid and used tostudy the extraction of aromatic hydrocarbon from contaminated water samples. DES was screened by selecting differentratios between the TBAB and decanoic acid. A ratio of 1 : 2 was observed to be the best among others and wasused for the desired application. Within the temperature range of 25-70 oC, physicochemical properties such as density(944-915 kg/m3), viscosity (1,636-179 mPa·s), conductivity (141-1,007 S/cm), and pH (3.14-2.73) of the synthesizedDES were determined. For the extraction study, benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX)-doped water were used as a simulatedcontaminated water. Response surface methodology was employed in modeling and optimizing the effects oftemperature, time, and solvent mass fraction on the extraction efficiency of the DES. Extraction efficiency of 68.1%,70.84% and 77.73% for BTX, respectively, was recorded at optimum values of 25 oC, 60 min and 0.6 (solvent mass fraction). Extraction efficiency as high as 86.61%, 88.94%, and 92.71% for BTX, respectively, can be obtained within thedesign space. Effective regeneration and reuse of the DES after each extraction was carried out for five consecutivecycles; their results showed no significant decrease in their respective extraction efficiencies and recovery of the DES. This, therefore, improves the overall performance of hydrophobic DES for the extraction process.

Landslide susceptibility assessment at Wadi Jawrah Basin, Jizan region, Saudi Arabia using two bivariate models in GIS

Ahmed Mohamed Youssef,Biswajeet Pradhan,Hamid Reza Pourghasemi,Saleh Abdullahi 한국지질과학협의회 2015 Geosciences Journal Vol.19 No.3

This paper presents an evaluation of two bivariate statistical approaches, frequency ratio (FR) and weights-of-evidence (WoE) for landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) at south-western part of Saudi Arabia, Jizan region. Landslide locations were identified and mapped from interpretation of high resolution satellite images (GeoEye 0.5 m and QuikeBird 0.6m), topographic maps (scale of 1:10,000), historical records, and extensive field surveys. A total of 106 landslide locations were mapped using Arc- GIS software and divided into two groups, 75% and 25% of landslide locations were used for training and validation of models, respectively. Eleven landslide conditioning factors such as elevation, slope, curvature, aspect, lithology, topographic wetness index (TWI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), proximity to lineament, roads and rivers were considered in this evaluation. The effects of these factors on landslide occurrence were assessed using aforementioned bivariate statistical approaches. For validation, the models results were compared with landslide locations which were not used during the models building. Subsequently, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were established and area under the curves (AUC) was calculated for the landslide susceptibility maps using the success (training data) and prediction (validation data) rates. The results showed that the area under the curve for success rates are 0.861 (86.1%) and 0.839 (83.9%) and for prediction rates are 0.796 (79.6%) and 0.791 (79.1%), respectively for frequency ratio and weight-of-evidence models. The resulting landslide susceptibility maps showed five classes of susceptibility such as very high, high, moderate, low, and very low. The percentage of existing training and validating landslides data in high and very high zones of the susceptibility maps were calculated to be 90.02% and 76.03% for frequency ratio model and 88.33% and 79.3% for weight-of-evidence model, respectively. The results revealed that the frequency ratio and weights-of-evidence models produced reasonable accuracy. The resultant maps would be useful and can also help planners for general choosing favorable locations for development schemes, such as infrastructural, buildings, road constructions, and environmental protection.

Data Aggregation and Data Fusion in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Review

Usman Mohammed,Omotayo Oshiga,Jihoon Lee,Jibril Abdullahi Bala 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2023 The Journal of Contents Computing Vol.5 No.2

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely used for a variety of applications, and sensor nodes (SNs) in these networks are employed to gather data. Unfortunately, there is significant data redundancy in the data acquired by these nodes due to overlap in the monitoring region that they cover, resulting in resource wastage. In WSNs, Data Aggregation (DA) and Data Fusion (DF) are utilized to address these issues as well as others such as energy usage, network longevity, and communication time between SNs. The purpose of this study was to thoroughly identify numerous DA and DF approaches, with an emphasis on their mode of operation, strengths, and limitations. The study investigated the various approaches, strategies, and protocols utilized in WSNs for DA and DF, as well as their applications, performance measurements, and implementation issues. This is meant to offer researchers with the insight they need to identify appropriate DA and DF strategies to use in their study. Security, redundancy, and energy usage were identified as three of the most important concerns in DA and DF approaches for WSNs.

Microarray Cancer Gene Selection using Pelican Optimization Algorithm

Ibrahim Hayatu Hassan,Mohammed Abdullahi,Jeremiah Isuwa,Abubakar Isah,Jinsul Kim 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2023 The Journal of Contents Computing Vol.5 No.1

Identification of Predominant Lactic Acid Bacteria Associated with Kunun-Zaki and Kindirmo a Traditional Fermented Food of Nigeria

Bamgbose Timothy,Sinha Swati,Abdullahi Isa O.,Inabo Helen I.,Bello Mohammed,Kori Lokesh D.,Ametefe Elmer N.,Anvikar Anupkumar R. 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2022 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.8 No.1

Human intestinal flora is very diverse; with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) existing as part of the most vital gut microbes that improve host health. The application of LAB as a whole organism or its metabolite in the case of probiotic and bacteriocin respectively is extensive. Thus, the need to always bio-prospect for newer strains of LAB is essential. This study focused on isolating LAB from kunun-zaki and kindirmo, a fermented non-alcoholic beverage of non-dairy and dairy sources respectively, explored their physiological and biochemical properties, antibiotics sensitivity pattern and identified based on their 16S rRNA sequencing. A total of eighty isolates were selected sixty-six from kunun-zaki and fourteen from kindirmo in which 93.7% were bacilli and 6.3% were spherical in shape having 68.75% and 30% homofermentative and heterofermentative pathway respectively. All isolates have the ability to utilize glucose to produce lactic acid while their tolerance to pH 3 and salt concentration at 2%, 4% and 6.5% varied widely. Thirty-four isolates based on their physiological and biochemical properties were selected for molecular identification to ascertain their genera and species. Limosilactobacillus fermentum (68%); Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (6%) and Weissella confusa (3%) were confirmed species isolated. Thus, it was concluded that traditional fermented foods such as kunun-zaki and kindirmo are a good source to bio-prospect for LAB for product development, starter culture and probiotic study.

Diallylbis(3-ethoxycarbonylpropyl)ammonium Chloride: A Symmetrically Substituted Monomer for the Synthesis of an Alternate Zwitterionic-Anionic Cyclopolymer

Shaikh Asrof Ali,Shamsuddeen Abdullahi Haladu,Mohammed Zamil El-Sharif 한국고분자학회 2016 Macromolecular Research Vol.24 No.2

Diallylbis[(3-ethoxycarbonylpropyl)ammonium chloride] (CH2=CHCH2)2N+[(CH2)3CO2Et]2, a new symmetrical diallyl quaternary ammonium salt, has been cyclopolymerized to its cationic polyelectrolyte (CPE) (+) I having pyrrolidine rings embedded in the polymer backbone. Polymer I would exemplify for the first time a cyclopolymer with each repeating unit bearing two identical 3-carboxypropyl pendants. (CPE) (+) I upon hydrolysis afforded pH-responsive polycationic acid (+) II, which upon successive deprotonation was transformed into a polyzwitterion acid (±) III and polyzwitterion-anion (± -) IV. Because of similar degrees of polymerization for I-IV, a meaningful comparison of their solution properties was possible. While I, II, and IV demonstrated polyelectrolyte like viscosity behavior, (±) III showed anti-polyelectrolyte properties. The anionic portion in (± -) IV controlled its solution properties. Polymer (± -) IV demonstrated remarkable antiscalant behavior; at a concentration of 15 ppm, it inhibited the precipitation of CaSO4 from its supersaturated solution with a scale inhibition efficiency of ≈100% even after 300 min. This study opens up the possibility of using the current polymer as an antiscalant in reverse osmosis plants.