Effects of Various Packaging Systems on the Quality Characteristic of Goat Meat

Morales-delaNuez, A.,Moreno-Indias, I.,Falcon, A.,Arguello, A.,Sanchez-Macias, D.,Capote, J.,Castro, N. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.3

40 goat kid ribcages were held for 7 days in storage conditions ($4^{\circ}C$) and used to determine the effects of three different packaging methods (atmospheric air, vacuum and modified atmosphere package (MAP) 10:70:20 mixture of $N_2:O_2:CO_2$) on meat quality of the chops. L* was affected by the packaging method being lighter than MAP chops. The coordinate a* significantly increased during storage time. For MAP-packed chops and those kept in atmospheric air, b* increased markedly during storage time whereas it remained unaffected throughout storage when in vacuum packages. Final pH values ranged from 5.6 to 5.8 and no effects were found for either storage time or packaging method. WHC means were lowest for the three packaging methods on day 7 of storage and highest on day 1. Storage time increased water loss in vacuum treatments. Trained panel colour acceptability was lower at 3, 5 and 7 days than on day 1 of storage for atmospheric air treatment and vacuum packaging, while for the MAP treatment average values on days 5 and 7 were lower than those observed on days 1 or 3. Trained panel odour was lower for atmospheric air and vacuum packages at 3, 5, and 7 days storage than at 1 day, while no differences were found in trained panel odour acceptability for MAP packages. With reference to consumers, the MAP proposed in the present study is the chosen method for storing goat meat, rather than vacuum or atmospheric air packaging.

Evaluation of Antioxidant Effects of Vitamins C and E Alone and in Combination with Sorghum Bran in a Cooked and Stored Chicken Sausage

신대근,양한술,민병록,Carlos Narciso-Gaytan,Marcos X. Sanchez-Plata,Ciro A. Ruiz-Feria 한국축산식품학회 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.5

To evaluate the antioxidant effects of vitamin C, vitamin E and sorghum bran, alone or in combination on chicken sausages,9 kg of chicken thigh meat was prepared. All thigh meat was divided into seven different batches as follows; no antioxidant (CON); vitamin C (VTC), vitamin E (VTE) or sorghum bran (SOR) at 0.02%; or three different combination ratios of vitamin C, vitamin E and sorghum bran at 0.02% (VT2, 2:1:1; VT4, 4:1:1; VT6, 6:1:1). All cooked sausages were stored at 4oC, and six sausages per treatment were used for chemical analysis on five different storage days. As the addition of vitamin E was increased, sausages stored for 10 d had decreased redness; thereby, VTE showed the lowest CIE a^* (p<0.05). Sausages mixed with vitamins and sorghum bran combinations had lower peroxide and free fatty acid values (p<0.05) when compared to sausages without antioxidants. The TBARS were the lowest in sausages containing vitamin C, vitamin E and sorghum bran at 6:1:1 ratio, and they significantly differed to CON, VTC and SOR treatments (p<0.05). Therefore, our results suggest that meat mixed with vitamins and sorghum bran had more antioxidant activity than the meat mixed with only antioxidant vitamins or without antioxidants.

A Pathophysiological Perspective on COVID-19's Lethal Complication: From Viremia to Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis-like Immune Dysregulation

Marcos A. Sanchez-Gonzalez,Dave Moskowitz,Priya D. Issuree,George Yatzkan,Syed A. A. Rizvi,Kenneth Day 대한감염학회 2020 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.52 No.3

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the coronavirus responsible for our recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, is driving a lung immunopathology that strongly resembles a severe form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). A review of recent Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2 medical reports, as well as described characteristics of HP, lead us to postulate a theory for SARS-CoV-2 severe disease. We propose that the novel SARS-CoV-2 can act as a trigger and substrate of an HP-like severe immune reaction especially in genetically vulnerable individuals in addition to those with immune senescence and dysregulation. Accordingly, the purpose of our letter is to shift the emphasis of concern surrounding immune activity from viral infection to an HP-like severe immune reaction. We review similarities in disease presentation between infection and allergy, relevant immunopathology, and outline phases of SARS-CoV-2 disease with perspectives on therapy and critical care. Altogether, the favored course is to begin treatments that address the disease at the earliest phase before immune dysregulation leading to uncontrolled pulmonary inflammation.

Archipeligiality as a Southeast Asian Poetic in Cirilo F. Bautista`1s Sunlight on Broken Stones

( Louie Jon A. Sanchez ) 부산외국어대학교 동남아지역원 2014 Suvannabhumi Vol.6 No.1

Archipeligiality, a concept continuously being developed by the scholar, is one that attempts to articulate the Filipino sense of place as discoursed in/through its literatures. As a country composed of 7,107 islands, the very fragmentation and division of the country, as well as its multiculturality and multilinguality, have become the very means by which Filipino writers have "imagined" so to speak-that is, also, constructed, into a singular, united frame-the "nation." This, the author supposes, is an important aspect to explore when it comes to discoursing the larger Southeast Asian imagination, or poetic, as similar situations (i.e.Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore), may soon compel for a comparative critico-literary perspective. This paper continues this exploratory "geoliterary" discourse by looking at a Filipino canonical work in English by CiriloF. Bautista, the epic The Trilogy of Saint Lazarus, the title of which already signals a geographic allusion to the first map-name granted by the Spanish colonizer to the Philippines in the region, and consequently the first signification of the country’s subjected existence in the colonial imagination. The work, published between 1970 and 1998, is composed of three parts: The Archipelago, Telex Moon, and Sunlight on Broken Stones, which won the 1998 Philippine Independence Centennial Literary Prize. In these epics, notions of Philippine history and situation were discoursed, and Filipino historical figures were engaged in dialogue by the poet/the poet’s voice, with the end of locating the place [where history and time had brought it; or its direction or trajectory as a nation, being true to the Filipino maxim of ang di lumingon sa pinanggalingan, di makararating sa paroroonan (the one who does not look back to his origins would not reach his destination)]. of the Philippines not only in the national imagination, but in this paper, in the wider regional consciousness. The paper proposes that the archipelagic concept is an important and unique characteristic of the Southeast Asian situation, and thus, may be a means to explicate the clearly connected landscapes of the region’s imagination through literature. This paper focuses on Sunlight on Broken Stones.

Cardiovascular Fitness and Associated Comorbidities in An Executive Health Program

Otto A Sanchez(Otto A Sanchez ),Anton S. Hesse(Anton S. Hesse ),Morgan R. Betker(Morgan R. Betker ),Christopher J. Lundstrom(Christopher J. Lundstrom ),William E. Conroy(William E. Conroy ),Zan Gao(Za 사피엔시아 2022 Exercise Medicine Vol.6 No.-

Objectives: Low cardiorespiratory fitness, defined as a VO2 max below the 25th percentile for age and sex, is associated with greater body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and plasma cholesterol values and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Given that sedentarism has substantially increased in the U.S. population in the last 20 years and that office workers have the lowest cardiorespiratory fitness of the workforce, we aimed to assess the prevalence of low cardiorespiratory fitness in an corporate wellness program and determine its relationship with associated comorbidities. Methods: For this retrospective observational analysis demographics, height, weight, blood pressure at rest, plasma glucose, lipids, comorbidities, and VO2 max data was extracted from the medical records of 199 participants attending the Executive Health Program at M Health Fairview of the University of Minnesota. Participants were predominantly white, middle-aged men with near-optimal blood pressure values. Results: Participants with low cardiorespiratory fitness had a VO2 max [mean (range) of 28 (19.4 - 36.1) mL/kg/min], and was observed in 33% of all participants. Participants with low cardiorespiratory fitness were more likely to have higher BMI, dyslipidemia and hypertension than those in the excellent to superior category of cardiorespiratory fitness, VO2 max [mean (range) 45.6 (31.8 - 61.2) mL/kg/min]. Prevalence of obesity (17%) was lower than in the general U.S. population, and those who were obese were more likely to be of low cardiorespiratory fitness. Those with low cardiorespiratory fitness had a four fold relative risk of belonging to the group at high risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases when compared to those with a fair to superior cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusions: Low cardiorespiratory fitness identified in a third of all participants, is a modifiable risk factor associated with risk for cardiovascular and metabolic disease, should be evaluated in executive health programs.

Integrating Y-Chromosome, Mitochondrial, and Autosomal Data to Analyze the Origin of Pig Breeds

Ramirez, O.,Ojeda, A.,Tomas, A.,Gallardo, D.,Huang, L.S.,Folch, J.M.,Clop, A.,Sanchez, A.,Badaoui, B.,Hanotte, O.,Galman-Omitogun, O.,Makuza, S.M.,Soto, H.,Cadillo, J.,Kelly, L.,Cho, I.C.,Yeghoyan, S. Oxford University Press 2009 Molecular biology and evolution Vol.26 No.9

<P>We have investigated the origin of swine breeds through the joint analysis of mitochondrial, microsatellite, and Y-chromosome polymorphisms in a sample of pigs and wild boars with a worldwide distribution. Genetic differentiation between pigs and wild boars was remarkably weak, likely as a consequence of a sustained gene flow between both populations. The analysis of nuclear markers evidenced the existence of a close genetic relationship between Near Eastern and European wild boars making it difficult to infer their relative contributions to the gene pool of modern European breeds. Moreover, we have shown that European and Far Eastern pig populations have contributed maternal and paternal lineages to the foundation of African and South American breeds. Although West African pigs from Nigeria and Benin exclusively harbored European alleles, Far Eastern and European genetic signatures of similar intensity were detected in swine breeds from Eastern Africa. This region seems to have been a major point of entry of livestock species in the African continent as a result of the Indian Ocean trade. Finally, South American creole breeds had essentially a European ancestry although Asian Y-chromosome and mitochondrial haplotypes were found in a few Nicaraguan pigs. The existence of Spanish and Portuguese commercial routes linking Asia with America might have favored the introduction of Far Eastern breeds into this continent.</P>

Ferroelectric switching behavior of pulsed laser deposited Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 thin films

José P.B. Silva,Koppole C. Sekhar,Sofia A.S. Rodrigues,Anatoli Khodorov,Javier Martín-Sanchez,Mário Pereira,Maria J.M. Gomes 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.4

The effect of pulse amplitude on the ferroelectric and switching properties of pulsed laser deposited Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 thin films has been studied. The structural and morphological analysis revealed that the films had a well crystallized perovskite phase and grain size of about 30e40 nm. A well saturated PeE hysteresis loop was observed with a remnant polarization (Pr)z4.8 mC/cm2 and a coercive fieldz100 kV/cm at a frequency of 1 kHz. The Pr has been found to be decreased only 4.3% after passing 8.0 × 108 cycles. The analysis of switching response with nucleation limited switching model reveals that characteristic switching time (t0) variance is due to the random distribution of the local electric fields. The peak value of polarization current and t0 exhibits exponential dependence on reciprocal of pulse amplitude. The effect of pulse amplitude on the ferroelectric and switching properties of pulsed laser deposited Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 thin films has been studied. The structural and morphological analysis revealed that the films had a well crystallized perovskite phase and grain size of about 30e40 nm. A well saturated PeE hysteresis loop was observed with a remnant polarization (Pr)z4.8 mC/cm2 and a coercive fieldz100 kV/cm at a frequency of 1 kHz. The Pr has been found to be decreased only 4.3% after passing 8.0 × 108 cycles. The analysis of switching response with nucleation limited switching model reveals that characteristic switching time (t0) variance is due to the random distribution of the local electric fields. The peak value of polarization current and t0 exhibits exponential dependence on reciprocal of pulse amplitude.

Development of a gamma irradiation loop to evaluate the performance of a EURO-GANEX process

I. Sanchez-García,H. Galan,A. Núnez,J.M. Perlado,J. Cobos 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.5

A new irradiation loop design has been developed, which provides the ability to carry out radiolyticresistance studies of extraction systems simulating process relevant conditions in an easy and simpleway. The step-by-step loop configuration permits an easy modification of settings and has a relative lowvolume requirement. This irradiation loop has been initially set up to test the main EURO-GANEX processsteps: the lanthanide (Ln) and actinide (An) co-extraction followed by the transuranic (TRU) stripping. The performance and changes in the composition have been analyzed during the irradiation experimentby different techniques: gamma spectroscopy and ICP-MS for the extraction and corrosion behavior ofthe full system, and HPLC-MS and Raman spectroscopy to determine the degradation of the organic andaqueous solvents, respectively. The Ln and An co-extraction step and the corrosion that occurred duringthe first irradiation step revealed the favorable expected results according to literature. The effects ofacidity changes occurred during the irradiation process, the presence of stainless corrosion products insolution as well as the new possible degradation compounds have been explored in the An stripping step. The results obtained demonstrate the importance of developing realistic irradiation experiments wheredifferent factors affecting the performance can be easily studied and isolated

Proton conducting sulfonated polysulfone and polyphenylsulfone multiblock copolymers with improved performances for fuel cell applications

Sydonne Swaby,Nieves Ureña,María Teresa Pérez-Prior,Carmen del Río,Alejandro Várez,Jean-Yves Sanchez,Cristina Iojoiu,Cristina Iojoiu,Belén Levenfeld 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.122 No.-

A series of proton exchange membranes based on sulfonated multiblock copolymers with three polysulfone(PSU) and polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) ratios (50/50, 60/40 and 75/25) are prepared following a synthesisstrategy that aims to achieve a microphase separation. A selective sulfonation of PSU blocks wasobserved in copolymers with a high proportion of PSU. The water uptake is higher in these materials(31% and 57% for SPES 50/50 and SPES 75/25, respectively at 60 C) while the tensile strength was lower(56.0 MPa and 40.6 MPa for SPES 50/50 and SPES 75/25 in the H+ form, respectively). Ionic conductivity ofSPES 75/25 membranes measured both ex situ and in situ at 80 C is 25 and 31 mScm1, respectively. Fuelcell tests reveal that SPES 75/25 shows the highest value for the maximum power density (670 mWcm2at 70 C and 100% of RH) which is higher than that achieved for SPES 50/50 (400 mWcm2). In addition,the high current density obtained for SPES 75/25 (1000 mAcm2 at 0.6 V and 70 C) compared withSPES50/50 (600 mAcm2) and Nafion 112 (450 mAcm2 at 75 C) shows its promising properties as solidelectrolyte in polymeric fuel cells.

Equivalent norms in a Banach function space and the subsequence property

Jose M. Calabuig,Maite Fernandez-Unzueta,Fernando Galaz-Fontes,Enrique A. Sanchez-Perez 대한수학회 2019 대한수학회지 Vol.56 No.5

Consider a finite measure space $(\Ome,\Sig,\mu)$ and a Banach space $X(\mu)$ consisting of (equivalence classes of) real measurable functions defined on $\Ome$ such that $f\chi_A \in X(\mu) $ and $ \|f\chi_A \| \leq \|f\|, \ \pt f \in X(\mu), \ A \in \Sig$. We prove that if it satisfies the subsequence property, then it is an ideal of measurable functions and has an equivalent norm under which it is a Banach function space. As an application we characterize norms that are equivalent to a Banach function space norm.