지역사회간호사업의 내용 및 평가에 관한 연구 : 일부 저소득층 지역사회를 중심으로

방매륜,한영란 이화여자대학교 간호과학연구소 1990 Health & Nursing Vol.2 No.-

All people aspire to a life of health from birth to death. Health is both a right and a responsibility. Health as a human right is expressed in the WHO stated purpose of "Health for All by the Year 2000." In Korea an unequal distribution of health services is related to the ever increasing cost of medical care due to the professionalization of health services, the costly training and education of health care professionals and the soaring costs of medical equipment. It is now generally accepted that the health care wanted and needed by the people is first and foremost the activation and expansion of equally accessable primary health care. This study was carried out by the nursing staff of the Community Health Nursing Clinic of the Social Welfare Centre of Ewha Womans Uni versity. The research problems included the identification of principles from theories supportive of community health nursing services and of criteria from these theories useful for the evaluation of the services and as objectives to guide future services : the description of the i development of the services with a selected community group over a three year period : the evaluation of those services using the criteria developed from the theories and the recommendation of guide - lines for the planning and practice of these and similar community health nursing services. The purpose was to develop a community health nursing model for the expansion and activation of primary health care. The population was a group of women living with their families in a crowded poor area in one district in the Mapho area of Seoul. The women had organized as a mothers association to strength - en their autonomy and decision-making power. The study describes the process whereby the nurses and women worked together from 1987 to 1989 and how the women changed to become active and critical participants in decision making about their health and the nursing services. A theoretical framework was developed to support and guide the practice using Rogers Science of Unitary Human Beings, concepts of Primary Health Care from Health for All by the Year 2000, the health challenges, promotion mechanisms and implementation strategies of the Framework for Health Promotion of the Canadian Ministry of Health and Welfare and principles from the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Four criteria for evaluation of the nursing services were developed from the concepts and principles of the theories. They were : 1. that a nursing theory worthy of providing a world view of the complexity of interrelationships between the human and environmental fields involved in community health nursing - the Science of Unitary Human Beings suplemented by concepts from Primary Health Care and Health Promotion-be used to direct services ; 2. that the people of a community participate in full partnership with service agencies in making decisions regarding the planning, provision and evaluation of their health care ; 3. that both the nurses and people be empowered , and 4. that the community health services be strengthened. Evaluation using the criteria demonstrated the effectiveness of the services in achieving the valued objectives of theory-directed care, empowerment and participation with this population, but relative ineffectiveness in achieving change in official public health policies which would strengthen services or promote a more healthy environment. The four criteria were proposed for use in building more concrete objectives for community health nursing services and the process as helpful for developing future services.

Synthesis of Novel Apio Carbocyclic Nucleoside Analogues as Selective A_(3) Adenosine Receptor Agonists

Hwang, Ki-Jun,Chun, Moon-Woo,Jacobson, Kenneth A.,Jeong, Lak-Shin,Lee, Jeong-A,Moon, Hyung-Ryong,Kim, Hea-Ok,Kim, Kyung-Ran,Lee, Kang-Man,Kim, Bum-Tae 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2005 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.16

On the basis of the biological activity of neplanocin A and apio-dideoxyadenosine (apio-ddA), novel apio-neplanocin A analogues 5a- d, combining the properties of two nucleosides, were stereoselectively synthesized. The apio moiety of the target nucleosides 5a-d was stereoselectively introduced by treating· lactol 10 with 37% formaldehyde in the presence of potassium carbonate. The carbasugar moiety of neplanocin A was successively built by exposing diene 12 on a Grubbs catalyst in methylene chloride. The final nucleosides 5a-d were synthesized from the condensation of the glycosyl donor 14 with nucleic bases under the standard Mitsunobu conditions. Similarly, apio-aristeromycin 6 and (N)-apio-methanocarbaadenosine 7 were derived from the common intermediate 13 using catalytic hydrogenation and Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation as key steps. All of the final nucleosides 5a-4, 6, and 7 did not show significant inhibitory activity against S-adenosylllolllocysteine hydrolase (SAH) up to 100 ㎛, maybe due to the absence of the secondary hydroxyl group at tile C3'-position, which should be oxidized by cofactor-bound NAD^(+). However, aplo-neplanocin A (5a) showed potent and highly selective binding affinity (K_(i), = 628 ± 69 nM) at the A_(3) adenosine receptor without any binding affinity at the A_(1) and A_(2A) adenosine receptors. In conclusion, we have first developed novel carbocyclic nucleosides with unnatural apio-carbasugarsusing stereoselective hydroxymethylation and RCM reaction and also discovered a new template of human A_(3) adenosine receptor agonist, which play a great rote in developing new A_(3) adenosine receptor agonist as well as in identifying the binding site of the receptor.

Phorbaketal A stimulates osteoblast differentiation through TAZ mediated Runx2 activation

Byun, Mi Ran,Kim, A Rum,Hwang, Jun-Ha,Sung, Mi Kyung,Lee, Yeon Kyung,Hwang, Buyng Su,Rho, Jung-Rae,Hwang, Eun Sook,Hong, Jeong-Ho Elsevier 2012 FEBS letters Vol.586 No.8

<P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Phorbaketal A stimulates osteogenesis. ► Phorbaketal A increases TAZ-mediated osteoblast marker gene expression. ► ERK is an important kinase for phorbaketal A induced osteogenic differentiation. ► Phorbaketal A is suggested as a potential compound for stimulating bone formation.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Osteoporosis arises from an imbalance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. In this study, we screened molecules from marine natural products that stimulate osteoblast differentiation. We found that phorbaketal A significantly stimulates osteoblast differentiation in mesenchymal cells. Increased interaction of TAZ and Runx2 stimulated phorbaketal A-induced expression of osteoblastic marker genes. The activation of ERK was important for the stimulation of differentiation because an inhibitor of ERK blocked phorbaketal A-induced osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, the results showed that phorbaketal A stimulates TAZ-mediated osteoblast differentiation through the activation of ERK.</P><P><B>Structured summary of protein interactions</B></P><P><B>TAZ</B> physically interacts with <B>RUNX2</B> by pull down (View interaction)</P>

THE BRIGHTEST STARS IN GALAXIES AS DISTANCE INDICATORS

LYO A-RAN,LEE MYUNG GYOON The Korean Astronomical Society 1997 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.30 No.1

The brightest stars in galaxies have been used as distance indicators since Hubble. However, the accuracy of the brightest stars for distance estimates has been controversial. Recently, Rozanski & Rowan-Robinson [1994 : MNRAS, 271, 530] argued large errors of this method for the distance determination : 0.58 mag and 0.90 mag, respectively, for the brightest red stars and the brightest blue stars, while Karachentsev & Tikhonov [1994 : A&A, 286, 718] suggested much smaller errors in the distance determination than the former: 0.37 mag for the brightest red stars and 0.46 mag for the brightest blue stars. The reasons for these conflicting results are not yet known. In this study we have investigated the accuracy of this method using a sample of 17 galaxies for which Cepheid distances are known and reliable photometry of the brightest stars are available. We have obtained the calibrations of the relations between the mean luminosities of the three blue and red brightest supergiants (BSGs and RSGs, respectively) and the total luminosities of the parent galaxies: $<M_{v(3)RSG}>= 0.21M_B^T- 3.84, \sigma(M_v) = 0.37 mag,\;and\;\delta_{\mu0}=0.47$ mag for the brightest red supergiants, and $<M_{B(3)BSG}>= 0.30M_B^T -3.02, \sigma(M_B)\;=\;0.55 mag,\;and\; \delta_{\mu0}=0.79mag$ for the brightest blue supergiants. Also it is found that the errors in the distance determination are reduced by a factor of two, as the observing wavelengths increase from B-band to K-band. In conclusion, the brightest red supergiants are considered to be useful for determining the distances to resolved late-type galaxies.

Optimization of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation of Xylaria grammica EL000614, an Endolichenic Fungus Producing Grammicin

( Min-hye Jeong ),( Jung A. Kim ),( Seogchan Kang ),( Eu Ddeum Choi ),( Youngmin Kim ),( Yerim Lee ),( Mi Jin Jeon ),( Nan Hee Yu ),( Ae Ran Park ),( Jin-cheol Kim ),( Soonok Kim ),( Sook-young Park ) 한국균학회 2021 Mycobiology Vol.49 No.5

An endolichenic fungus Xylaria grammica EL000614 produces grammicin, a potent nematicidal pyrone derivative that can serve as a new control option for root-knot nematodes. We optimized an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) protocol for X. grammica to support genetic studies. Transformants were successfully generated after co-cultivation of homogenized young mycelia of X. grammica with A. tumefaciens strain AGL-1 carrying a binary vector that contains the bacterial hygromycin B phosphotransferase (hph) gene and the eGFP gene in T-DNA. The resulting transformants were mitotically stable, and PCR analysis showed the integratin of both genes in the genome of transformants. Expression of eGFP was confirmed via fluorescence microscopy. Southern analysis showed that 131 (78.9%) out of 166 transformants contained a single T-DNA insertion. Crucial factors for producing predominantly single T-DNA transformants include 48 h of co-cultivation, pretreatment of A. tumefaciens cells with acetosyringone before co-cultivation, and using freshly prepared mycelia. The established ATMT protocol offers an efficient tool for random insertional mutagenesis and gene transfer in studying the biology and ecology of X. grammica.

Comparison of Proteome Components of Helicobacter pylori Before and After Mouse Passage

Lee, Kyoung-Ja,Kim, Bok-Ran,Cho, Young-A,Song, Yun-Gyu,Song, Jae-Young,Lee, Kon-Ho,Kang, Hyung-Lyun,Baik, Seung-Chul,Cho, Myung-Je,Rhee, Kwang-Ho,Seo, Ji-Hyun,Youn, Hee-Shang,Lee, Woo-Kon 대한미생물학회 2011 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.41 No.4

The mouse model is alleged to be a useful tool for understanding of pathophysiological roles of Helicobacter pylori in the development of gastric disorders. However, it has been observed that H. pylori strains significantly differed in their fitness in mice and even mouse strains differed in their susceptibilities to a H. pylori strain. Bacterial components of H. pylori which could affect on its fitness in mice have to be elucidated for the establishment of the mouse model for H. pylori infections. In the comparison of colonization ability between two H. pylori Korean isolates, 51 (isolated from a patient with duodenal ulcer) and 52 (isolated from a patient with gastric cancer), 52 could colonize better than 51 on the gastric mucosa of mouse. Proteome components of H. pylori 52, as a good colonizer and H. pylori 51, as a poor one were quantitatively compared each other. Five bacterial proteins including catalase, urease subunit alpha/beta, enolase and ferritin, were up-regulated in 52. In addition, the respective proteome components of the two strains were also compared with their mouse-passaged homologous strains. Seven and five proteins, which included catalase, flagellin A/B in common, were up-regulated in mouse-adapted 51 and 52, respectively. Among the fourteen identified proteins, urease subunit alpha/beta, flagellin A/B, catalase, ferritin, superoxide dismutase and neutrophil-activation protein have been previously known to be necessary to gastric colonization of H. pylori in animal models. The other up-regulated proteins including enolase, elongation factor Tu and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase have been reported to be associated with acid tolerance of H. pylori. These data provide confirmatory evidence for the importance of those proteins in the development of H. pylori-associated gastric disorders.

The association between prion proteins and Aβ1-42 oligomers in cytotoxicity and apoptosis

Hyeon, Jae Wook,Kim, Su Yeon,Park, Jun Sun,Choi, Bo Yeong,Lee, Sol Moe,Ju, Young Ran,An, Seong Soo A.,Kim, Chi-Kyeong Elsevier 2012 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.424 No.2

<P>Misfolding of prion protein (PrP to PrPSc) can cause neurodegenerative prion diseases. As a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane protein, the normal form of PrP (PrPC) can function as a receptor for ligands in the extracellular space. PrPC was suggested to be involved in memory, synaptic neuronal communication, and anti-oxidation as a neuroprotective agent. The recently identified interaction between PrPC and Aβ(1-42) oligomers suggested another role for PrP as a receptor for Aβ(1-42) oligomers, thereby influencing cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Here, the association between PrPC and Aβ(1-42) oligomers was investigated by visualizing protein localization in neuronal cells by immunocytochemistry. Aβ(1-42) oligomer-induced cytotoxicity was tested in respective expressions of PrPC by using mouse neuroblastoma-2a (N2a) cells, the prion protein overexpressed cells (L2-2B1), and a Prnp-null mouse hippocampal cell line (HpL 3-4). Moreover, apoptotic proteins such as caspase-8 were used to assess the effect of PrPC on Aβ(1-42) oligomer-mediated apoptosis. In L2-2B1 and HpL 3-4 cells, the difference in the cytotoxicity of Aβ(1-42) oligomers could be clearly distinguished. In addition, Aβ(1-42) oligomers induced mitochondria dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and calcium influx PrPC-dependently. Apoptosis, related to mitochondria dysfunction, was further investigated to determine the cytotoxic pathway; the results suggest that PrPC could be involved in both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Finally, cells with abundant PrPC expression seemed to be more susceptible to Aβ(1-42) oligomer toxicity, suggesting the importance of the level of PrPC expression in the induction of apoptosis.</P>

소아의 급성 인두염에서 연쇄구균 신속항원검사의 유용성

임기현 ( Ki Hyun Lim ),최우진 ( Woo Jin Choi ),김미진 ( Mi Jin Kim ),김영호 ( Young Ho Kim ),정지아 ( Ji A Jung ),양승 ( Seung Yang ),황일태 ( Il Tae Hwang ),이혜란 ( Hae Ran Lee ) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회(구 대한소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회) 2006 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.16 No.1

목 적 : 최근 소아 급성 인두염에서 부적절한 항생제 투여가 문제시 되고 있으나 증상만으로 항생제 사용 여부를 결정하기는 어려우며 인두배양검사가 확진 방법이다. 그러나 검사에 시간이 요구되므로 미국소아과학회에서는 배양검사와 신속항원검사를 시행하여 신속항원검사가 음성이면 항생제 사용을 보류하도록 권하고 있다. 저자들은 이와 같은 지침을 국내에서도 적용할 수 있는지 알아보고자 연쇄구균 신속항원검사의 유용성을 조사하였다. 방 법 : 2004년 9월부터 2005년 8월까지 한림대학교 강동성심병원 소아과를 방문하여 급성 인두염으로 진단받은 70명을 대상으로 하였다. 편도 삼출, 발열, 피부 발진 등의 임상적 특징과 내원 전 항생제 투여 여부를 조사하고, CBC, ASO, CRP 등의 혈액 검사와 인두에서 연쇄구균 신속항원검사와 배양검사를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 1) 인두배양검사에서 A군 연쇄구균이 분리된 양성례는 14례(20.0%)이었으며, 연쇄구균 신속항원검사는 22례(31.4%)에서 양성이었다. 인두배양검사에 대한 신속항원검사의 민감도는 78.6 %, 특이도는 80.4%이었다. 양성예측치는 50.0%, 음성예측치는 93.8%이었다. 2) 발열 유무에 따라 인두배양검사와 신속항원검사에는 차이가 없었다. 3) 편도삼출의 여부에 따라 인두배양검사 양성률에 차이가 없었으며, 신속항원검사는 오히려 편도삼출이 없는 경우에서 양성이 더 많았다. 4) 성홍열양 발진이 있는 경우에 인두배양검사와 신속항원검사에서 양성이 많았다. 5) 인두배양검사 양성은 항생제를 이전에 투여한 경우에 35례 중 3례(8.57%) 이전에 항생제를 투여하지 않은 경우의 35례 중 11례(31.43%)로 낮아 항생제 사용이 인두배양검사에 영향을 주었다. 이전에 인두배양검사는 양서d음성이어도 신속항원검사는 양성인 경향이 있었다. 6) 인두배양검사와 신속항원검사에 따라 혈액의 백혈구 수, ASO, CRP 값은 각각 통계학적인 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 소아 급성 인두염에서 신속항원검사는 연쇄구균 감염의 진단에 유용한 도구로서 항생제의 조기 투여 여부를 결정하는 데 도움이 되리라 사료된다. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of rapid antigen detection test for group A streptococci in children with acute pharyngitis. Methods : Seventy children with acute pharyngitis enrolled the study, who visited the Department of Pediatrics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical Center from September 2004 to August 2005. The presence of clinical features such as tonsillar exudates, fever, scarletiniform rash and previous antibiotic use were evaluated and throat swab culture, rapid antigen detection test for group A Streptococci, CBC, ASO, and CRP were performed. Results : Among 70 children with acute pharyngitis, the prevalence of group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus by throat swab culture and rapid antigen detection test was 14(20.0 %) and 22(31.4%), respectively. The sensitivity of the rapid antigen detection test was 78.6 %, specificity was 80.4%, the positive predictive value was 50.0% and the negative predictive value was 93.8%. The positivity of the throat swab culture and rapid antigen detection test showed no signigicant differences according to the presence of the clinical symptoms except scarletiniform rash. Laboratory data such as CBC, ASO or CRP proved not valuable to predict the positivity of the throat swab culture and/or rapid antigen detection test for group A Streptococcus. There was a tendency of negative throat swab culture and positive rapid antigen detection test in cases of previous antibiotic use. Conclusion : The rapid antigen detection test can be a useful diagnostic tool for early detection of the group A Streptococcus in children with acute pharyngitis and can be helpful for the clinician to reduce the inappropriate use of antibiotics. [Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis (Korea) 2006;16:57-65]

유아의 컴퓨터게임 중독 예방을 위한 인터넷게임 이용 현황 분석

정아란,이정기,이준 朝鮮大學校 統計硏究所 2006 統計硏究所論文誌 Vol.8 No.1

본 연구는 유아기 인터넷 게임 과몰입 예방프로그램을 개발하기 위한 기초자료로, 만 5세 유아들의 인터넷게임 이용 현황을 인적환경, 이용시간, 선호도에 따라 분석한 것이다. 그 결과 유아들은 형제와 부모에게서 맨 처음 컴퓨터게임을 배웠고, 출생순위에 있어서 서열이 내려갈수록 컴퓨터게임을 일찍 시작하였으며 더 장시간 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문에서는 유아기 컴퓨터게임 과몰입 예방프로그램을 모색하기 위한 기초자료로써 유치원에 재원중인 만 5세 유아의 컴퓨터게임 이용실태를 파악하는데 중점을 두었다. 유아들의 인터넷 게임 이용 현황을 인적환경, 이용시간, 선호도에 따라 분석하도록 하였다.

Increased c-Fos Expression Contributes to Cell Survival Enhanced by Stromal Cell Derived Factor-1/CXCL12 in Synergy with other Cytokines in Mo7e Cells

( Ae Ran Lee ),( Jeong A Park ),( Young Eun Kim ),( Hyung Joo Kwon ),( Young Hee Lee ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2009 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.6 No.14

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) enhances the survival of hematopoietic stem cells, progenitor cells, and a human progenitor cell line MO7e, especially in synergy with other cytokines. Previously, we reported that c-Fos was synergistically induced by combined stimulation with SDF-1/CXCL12 plus other cytokines. Here, we aimed to evaluate that induced c-Fos expression is required for the survival enhancement in MO7e cells. First by using RNase protection assay, we confirmed that synergistic induction of c-Fos was unique among several stress-related genes. Since c-Fos is known as one of the components of transcription factor AP-1, we performed electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The DNA binding activity of AP-1 was also synergistically enhanced by combined stimulation, and c-Fos was identified in the DNA bound complex. To further evaluate the significance of c-Fos expression for survival of MO7e cells, we employed cell permeable c-Fos dominant negative mutant form (A-Fos-MTS) and protein transduction procedure. Inhibition of c-Fos by treatment with A-Fos-MTS significantly reduced survival of MO7e cells in the presence of SDF-1/CXCL12 plus low concentration of GM-CSF. Therefore, we suggest that induction of c-Fos and enhanced AP-1 activity contribute to survival effect of cytokines in MO7e cells.