청가시덩굴 추출물의 기능성 원료 표준화를 위한 지표성분 Resveratrol, trans-Scirpusin A의 분석법 개발 및 검증

권진관(Jin Gwan Kwon),정연우(Yeon Woo Jung),최윤혁(Yun-Hyeok Choi),이지은(Ji Eun Lee),정원식(Wonsik Jeong),이정아(Jung A Lee),최춘환(Chun Whan Choi),안은경(Eun-Kyung Ahn),최용문(Yongmun Choi),홍성수(Seong Su Hong) 한국식품영양과학회 2022 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.51 No.11

본 연구는 HPLC를 이용하여 청가시덩굴 추출물을 개별인정형 건강기능식품의 기능성 원료로 개발하기 위한 원료 표준화의 일환으로, 청가시덩굴 추출물의 지표성분을 resveratrol과 trans-scirpusin A로 설정하고 이에 대한 HPLC 분석법을 확립하여 유효성의 검증을 실시하였다. 분석법 유효성 검증은 특이성, 직선성, 정확도, 정밀도, 검출한계 및 정량한계 등을 통해 분석법의 신뢰성을 검증하였으며, 그 결과 표준용액과 청가시덩굴 추출물 간의 HPLC 크로마토그램 및 UV spectrum의 일치 여부 등의 비교를 통해 다른 물질과 간섭 없이 피크가 분리된 것으로 특이성을 확인하였다. 또한 표준용액 검량선의 상관계수(R²)는 0.9999로 매우 우수한 직선성으로 관찰되어 분석에 적합한 것으로 확인되었으며, 검량선의 기울기 및 표준편차를 이용한 검출한계는 resveratrol이 0.98 μg/mL, trans-scirpusin A는 0.49 μg/mL였고 정량한계는 resveratrol이 2.98 μg/mL, trans-scirpusin A는 1.48 μg/mL로 각각 확인되었다. 청가시덩굴 추출물에 표준물질을 3개 농도 첨가하고 분석한 회수율은 resveratrol이 98.77~99.24%, trans-scirpusin A는 98.45~99.45%로 나타나 정확성이 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 청가시덩굴 추출물의 조제 농도 2.2, 4.4 및 6.6 mg/mL에서 반복성은 resveratrol이 0.99~1.22%, trans-scirpusin A는 1.12~1.32%를, 실험실 내 정밀성에서는 일내 정밀성은 resveratrol이 0.67~0.87%, trans-scirpusin A는 1.18~1.33%로 나타났고 일간 정밀성은 resveratrol이 0.93~1.22%, trans-scirpusin A는 1.33~2.27%로 확인되어 본 분석법은 정밀성이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 분석결과를 통해 확립된 청가시덩굴 추출물의 지표성분인 resveratrol과 trans-scirpusin A의 HPLC 분석법은 적합한 시험법으로 검증되었으며, 본 시험법은 향후 청가시덩굴 추출물의 건강기능식품 기능성 원료 개발과 표준화를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 사료된다. This study was undertaken to establish an analytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC for the standard determination of resveratrol and trans-scirpusin A as functional ingredients in Smilax sieboldii extract. We evaluated the specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of various analytical methods for detecting resveratrol and trans-scirpusin A using HPLC. The specificity was confirmed by the chromatogram obtained using the HPLC analytical method. Also, the results of UV and the coefficient of correlation (R²) obtained was 0.999, which confirmed that this was a suitable analysis with high linearity. The LOD was 0.98, 0.49 μg/mL, and LOQ was 2.98, 1.48 μg/mL, which was confirmed as a suitable limit level for the analysis of resveratrol and trans-scirpusin A content in the S. sieboldii extract. The recovery of resveratrol and trans-scirpusin A content was determined to be 98.77±0.73∼99.24±1.47% and 98.45±1.18∼99.45±1.66%, respectively, indicating high accuracy. The intra-day repeatability and the intra-laboratory precision of the daily repetition were confirmed to be 0.67∼0.87%, 1.18∼1.33% and 0.93∼1.22%, 1.33∼2.27%, respectively, for trans-scirpusin A, for the relative standard deviation. These results indicate that the reported HPLC method is simple, reliable, and reproducible for the detection of resveratrol and trans-scirpusin A in S. sieboldii extract.

Fabrication of pulsed laser deposited Ge doped CZTSSe thin film based solar cells: Influence of selenization treatment

Lokhande, A.C.,Chalapathy, R.B.V.,Jang, J.S.,Babar, P.T.,Gang, M.G.,Lokhande, C.D.,Kim, Jin Hyeok North-Holland 2017 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In the present work, Ge doped CZTGeS thin films are pulsed laser deposited followed by annealing treatment in selenium environment. The influence of selenization condition on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of the absorber thin films are investigated. The thin films characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy techniques confirm the formation of Kesterite CZTGeSSe thin film compound with dominant A1 mode vibration. The morphological and optical studies of the thin films reveal the formation of compact and void free microstructure with optimal band gap in the range of 1–1.2eV. The impact of selenization temperature on the quality of thin films has been studied and thin film solar cells are fabricated with CZTGeSSe absorbers grown at various annealing temperatures from 525 to 575℃ to evaluate the performance of devices as a function of an annealing temperature. The elemental Ge and Sn losses from the absorber compound confirmed from X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) depended on the annealing temperature and linearly increased with increasing temperature affecting the optical, compositional and microstructural properties of the thin films. Compositional non uniformity is one of the factors that limit the performance of solar cell device. PLD technique due to its advantage of achieving precise stoichiometry control combined with optimized selenization conditions can potentially address the issue. Compared to solar cell fabricated from absorber compound annealed at 525 and 575℃, the solar cell fabricated from the absorber annealed at 550℃ exhibited the best conversion efficiency of 3.82% with V<SUB>oc</SUB> 434mV, J<SUB>sc</SUB> 18.33mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, FF 47.0% and retained nearly 90% power conversion efficiency (PCE) stability after time period of 60 days.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Pulsed laser deposition of Ge doped CZTS thin films. </LI> <LI> Band gap tuning of CZTGeS thin films with selenization treatment. </LI> <LI> Effect of annealing conditions on structural, optical and morphological properties of CZTGeSSe thin films. </LI> <LI> Fabrication of CZTGeSSe thin film solar cells with efficiency over 3.82%. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Original Article : Evaluation of the Biological Activities of Marine Bacteria Collected from Jeju Island, Korea, and Isolation of Active Compounds from their Secondary Metabolites

( Hyun Soo Kim ),( Chao Zhang ),( Ji Hyeok Lee ),( Ju Young Ko ),( Eun A Kim ),( Nalae Kang ),( You Jin Jeon ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2014 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.17 No.2

To explore marine microorganisms with medical potential, we isolated and identified marine bacteria from floats, marine algae, animals, and sponges collected from Jeju Island, Korea. We isolated and identified 21 different strains from the marine samples by 16S rRNA analysis, cultured them in marine broth, and extracted them with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) to collect secondary metabolite fractions. Next, we evaluated their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Among the 21 strains, the secondary metabolite fraction of Bacillus badius had both strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, and thus was selected for further experiments. An antioxidant compound detected from the secondary metabolite fraction of B. badius was purified by preparative centrifugal partition chromatography (n-hexane:EtOAc:methanol:water, 4:6:4:6, v/v), and identified as diolmycin A2. Additionally, diolmycin A2 strongly inhibited nitric oxide production. Thus, we successfully identified a significant bioactive compound from B. badius among the bacterial strains collected from Jeju Island.

Evaluation of the Biological Activities of Marine Bacteria Collected from Jeju Island, Korea, and Isolation of Active Compounds from their Secondary Metabolites

Kim, Hyun-Soo,Zhang, Chao,Lee, Ji-Hyeok,Ko, Ju-Young,Kim, Eun-A,Kang, Nalae,Jeon, You-Jin The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2014 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.17 No.2

To explore marine microorganisms with medical potential, we isolated and identified marine bacteria from floats, marine algae, animals, and sponges collected from Jeju Island, Korea. We isolated and identified 21 different strains from the marine samples by 16S rRNA analysis, cultured them in marine broth, and extracted them with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) to collect secondary metabolite fractions. Next, we evaluated their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Among the 21 strains, the secondary metabolite fraction of Bacillus badius had both strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, and thus was selected for further experiments. An antioxidant compound detected from the secondary metabolite fraction of B. badius was purified by preparative centrifugal partition chromatography (n-hexane:EtOAc:methanol:water, 4:6:4:6, v/v), and identified as diolmycin A2. Additionally, diolmycin A2 strongly inhibited nitric oxide production. Thus, we successfully identified a significant bioactive compound from B. badius among the bacterial strains collected from Jeju Island.

Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of anti-obesity phytochemicals from fruits of Amomum tsao-ko

Hong Seong Su,Choi Chun Whan,Lee Ji Eun,Jung Yeon Woo,Lee Jung A,Jeong Wonsik,Choi Yun-Hyeok,Cha Hanna,Ahn Eun-Kyung,Oh Joa Sub 한국응용생명화학회 2021 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.64 No.1

Amomum tsao-ko (Zingiberaceae), an important traditional medicinal herb, possesses many biological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects. Though the anti-obesity properties of the crude ethanol extract of A. tsao-ko fruits have been reported, the anti-adipogenic properties of its phytochemical constituents have not been reported. Therefore, in the present study, we isolated the active constituents of A. tsao-ko and investigated their anti-adipogenic effects. The bioassay-guided isolation of the phytochemicals from the ethanol extract of A. tsao-ko fruits identified four bioactive compounds, comprising one fatty acid (1), one sesquiterpene alcohol (2), and two phenolic compounds (3 and 4). Their structures were elucidated by a combination of 1D and/or 2D nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The anti-adipogenic activities of the four compounds evaluated by Oil Red O staining in 3T3-L1 cells revealed that the treatment with the isolated compounds 1 and 3 reduced the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes more strongly than the compounds 2 and 4, in a dose-dependent manner.

Evaluation of phlorofucofuroeckol-A isolated from Ecklonia cava (Phaeophyta) on anti-lipid peroxidation in vitro and in vivo

Lee, Ji-Hyeok,Ko, Ju-Young,Oh, Jae-Young,Kim, Eun-A,Kim, Chul-Young,Jeon, You-Jin The Korean Society of Phycology 2015 ALGAE Vol.30 No.4

Lipid peroxidation means the oxidative degradation of lipids. The process from the cell membrane lipids in an organism is generated by free radicals, and result in cell damage. Phlorotannins, well-known marine brown algal polyphenols, have been utilized in functional food supplements as well as in medicine supplements to serve a variety of purposes. In this study, we assessed the potential anti-lipid peroxidation activity of phlorofucofuroeckol-A (PFF-A), one of the phlorotannins, isolated from Ecklonia cava by centrifugal partition chromatography in 2,2-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-stimulated Vero cells and zebrafish system. PFF-A showed the strongest scavenging activity against alkyl radicals of all other reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exhibited a strong protective effect against ROS and a significantly strong inhibited of malondialdehyde in AAPH-stimulated Vero cells. The apoptotic bodies and pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase-3, which were induced by AAPH, were strongly inhibited by PFF-A in a dose-dependent manner and expression of Bcl-xL, an anti-apoptotic protein, was induced. In the AAPH-stimulated zebrafish model, additionally PFF-A significantly inhibited ROS and cell death, as well as exhibited a strong protective effect against lipid peroxidation. Therefore, these results suggest that PFF-A has excellent protective effects against ROS and lipid peroxidation induced by AAPH in both an in vitro Vero cell model and an in vivo zebrafish model.

Maternal serum placental growth factor and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A measured in the first trimester as parameters of subsequent pre-eclampsia and small-for-gestational-age infants: A prospective observational study

( Kyung Uk Sung ),( Jeong A Roh ),( Kyung Jin Eoh ),( Eui Hyeok Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2017 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.60 No.2

Objective To examine the first-trimester maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) levels in pregnancies associated with pre-eclampsia (PE) or small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants, and determine the predictive accuracy of PlGF and of PAPP-A for either PE or SGA infants. Methods This prospective, observational study included 175 pregnant women, and of these women, due to participant withdrawal or loss to follow-up, delivery data were collected from the medical records of 155 women, including 4 who had twin pregnancies. The women`s maternal history was recorded, and the PlGF and PAPP-A levels at 11 to 13 gestational weeks were measured. During the second trimester, the maternal uterine artery`s systolic/diastolic ratio was measured. Multiples of the median (MoM) of PlGF and PAPP-A were determined, and the associations of these values with the risk factors of SGA and PE were evaluated. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether PlGF and PAPP-A are useful markers for predicting SGA infants. Results The PAPP-A MoM level was significantly lower in women with advanced maternal age, multipara women, and women with gestational diabetes than in their counterparts. The PlGF and PAPP-A MoM levels were higher in women with a twin pregnancy than in those with a singleton pregnancy. There was a significant relationship between the maternal serum PAPP-A MoM level in the first trimester and the uterine artery systolic/diastolic ratio in the second trimester. Results of logistic regression analysis showed that low PlGF and PAPP-A MoM levels were predictors of SGA infants (odds ratio, 0.143; 95% confidence interval, 0.025 to 0.806; odds ratio, 0.191; 95% confidence interval, 0.051 to 0.718, respectively). Conclusion PlGF and PAPP-A are potentially useful as first-trimester markers for SGA infants and some hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Characterization of staphylococcal endolysin LysSAP33 possessing untypical domain composition

Yu Jun-Hyeok,Park Do-Won,Lim Jeong-A,Park Jong-Hyun 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.9

Endolysin, a peptidoglycan hydrolase derived from bacteriophage, has been suggested as an alternative antimicrobial agent. Many endolysins on staphylococcal phages have been identified and applied extensively against Staphylococcus spp. Among them, LysK-like endolysin, a well-studied staphylococcal endolysin, accounts for most of the identified endolysins. However, relatively little interest has been paid to LysKunlike endolysin and a few of them has been characterized. An endolysin LysSAP33 encoded on bacteriophage SAP33 shared low homology with LysK-like endolysin in sequence by 41% and domain composition (CHAP-unknown CBD). A green fluorescence assay using a fusion protein for Lys- SAP33_CBD indicated that the CBD domain (157-251 aa) was bound to the peptidoglycan of S. aureus. The deletion of LysSAP33_CBD at the C-terminal region resulted in a significant decrease in lytic activity and efficacy. Compared to LysK-like endolysin, LysSAP33 retained its lytic activity in a broader range of temperature, pH, and NaCl concentrations. In addition, it showed a higher activity against biofilms than LysK-like endolysin. This study could be a helpful tool to develop our understanding of staphylococcal endolysins not belonging to LysK-like endolysins and a potential biocontrol agent against biofilms.

Symmetric supercapacitor: Sulphurized graphene and ionic liquid

Shaikh, Jasmin S.,Shaikh, Navajsharif S.,Kharade, Rohini,Beknalkar, Sonali A.,Patil, Jyoti V.,Suryawanshi, Mahesh P.,Kanjanaboos, Pongsakorn,Hong, Chang Kook,Kim, Jin Hyeok,Patil, Pramod S. Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE - Vol.527 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Symmetric supercapacitor is advanced over simple supercapacitor device due to their stability over a large potential window and high energy density. Graphene is a desired candidate for supercapacitor application since it has a high surface area, good electronic conductivity and high electro chemical stability. There is a pragmatic use of ionic liquid electrolyte for supercapacitor due to its stability over a large potential window, good ionic conductivity and eco-friendly nature. For high performance supercapacitor, the interaction between ionic liquid electrolyte and graphene are crucial for better charge transportation. In respect of this, a three-dimensional (3D) nanoporous honeycomb shaped sulfur embedded graphene (S-graphene) has been synthesized by simple chemical method. Here, the fabrication of high performance symmetric supercapacitor is done by using S-graphene as an electrode and [BMIM-PF<SUB>6</SUB>] as an electrolyte. The particular architecture of S-graphene benefited to reduce the ion diffusion resistance, providing the large surface area for charge transportation and efficient charge storage. The S-graphene and ionic liquid-based symmetric supercapacitor device showed the large potential window of 3.2 V with high energy density 124 Wh kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at 0.2 A g<SUP>−1</SUP> constant applied current density. Furthermore, this device shows good cycling performance (stability) with a capacitive retention of 95% over 20,000 cycles at a higher current density of 2 A g<SUP>−1</SUP>.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

A Simple Aqueous Precursor Solution Processing of Earth-Abundant Cu₂SnS₃ Absorbers for Thin-Film Solar Cells

Suryawanshi, Mahesh P.,Ghorpade, Uma V.,Shin, Seung Wook,Pawar, Sachin A.,Kim, In Young,Hong, Chang Woo,Wu, Minhao,Patil, Pramod S.,Moholkar, Annasaheb V.,Kim, Jin Hyeok American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.18

<P>A simple and eco-friendly method of solution processing of Cu2SnS3 (CTS) absorbers using an aqueous precursor solution is presented. The precursor solution was prepared by mixing metal salts into a mixture of water and ethanol (5:1) with monoethanolamine as an additive at room temperature. Nearly carbon-free CTS films were formed by multispin coating the precursor solution and heat treating in air followed by rapid thermal annealing in S vapor atmosphere at various temperatures. Exploring the role of the annealing temperature in the phase, composition, and morphological evolution is essential for obtaining highly efficient CTS-based thin film solar cells (TFSCs). Investigations of CTS absorber layers annealed at various temperatures revealed that the annealing temperature plays an important role in further improving device properties and efficiency. A substantial improvement in device efficiency occurred only at the critical annealing temperature, which produces a compact and void-free microstructure with large grains and high crystallinity as a pure-phase absorber layer. Finally, at an annealing temperature of 600 degrees C, the CTS thin film exhibited structural, compositional, and microstructural isotropy by yielding a reproducible power conversion efficiency of 1.80%. Interestingly, CTS TFSCs exhibited good stability when stored in an air atmosphere without encapsulation at room temperature for 3 months, whereas the performance degraded slightly when subjected to accelerated aging at 80 degrees C for 100 h under normal laboratory conditions.</P>