한국 서해 경기만 조간대 퇴적층의 퇴적물 특성과 층서

조주환,김영성,임동일 조선대학교 사범대학 부설 교과교육연구소 2001 敎科敎育硏究 Vol.4 No.1

경기만 반월 조간대 퇴적분지의 퇴적 층서를 밝히기 위해 2지점에서 평균 20m에 달하는 심부시추를 실시하였다. 시추된 퇴적물은 퇴적환경과 경계면의 특성에 의해 크게 2개의 퇴적단위 UnitⅠ과 UnitⅡ로 구분된다. UnitⅠ은 5-10m의 두꺼운 니질 퇴적물로 구성되며, 현세 해침기간동안 점이적인 해수면 상승과 힘께 형성된 현세 니질 조간대 퇴적층으로 해석된다. 기반암을 부정합적으로 피복하고 있는 퇴적단위 UnitⅡ는 두께가 최대 10m에 달하며, 조립의 자갈과 모래로 구성된다. 조립의 사질 퇴적물은 동해의 사구에 비하여 원마도가 낮고, 서해의 대륙붕 퇴적물보다는 높은 원마도를 나타낸다. 이러한 결과들은 UnitⅡ 퇴적물이 다소 강한 유수 작용에 의한 하천 퇴적물임을 제시한다. 결론적으로 생물 파편의 부재, 역사질의 조립한 퇴적물 조직, 쇄설성 입자의 형태 특성 그리고 층서 위치 등을 고려할 때 퇴적단위 UnitⅡ는 현세 해침이전 최대빙하기(LGM)동안 퇴적된 육성의 하천 퇴적물로 해석된다. To elucidate the stratigraphy of Banweol tital-flat deposits, Kyunggi Bay, western coast of Korea, two boreholes, up to 20 m in thickness, were taken using a well-unilized deep-drilling equipment. On the basis of depositional enviornment and erosional boundary, these deepdrilled borehole sediments can be divided into two sedimentary units(UnitⅠ and UnitⅡ). UnitⅠ reaches up to 10 m in thickness and consists mainly of mud and silt sediments with mean grain size of 7-9 phi. This unit is interpreted as a typical intertidal-flat deposition accumulated during mid-to-late Holocence sea-level rise. Beneath the Holocence tidal-flat mud(UnitⅠ) are very coarse-grained sandy sediments (UnitⅡ) woth approximately 10 m thick. Roundness in UnitⅡ sediments is lower than those of relict shelf sediments. Considering the texture, grain shape, stratigraphic position, and absence of biogenic materials, UnitⅡ might be accumulated under the active hydrodynamic condition of the fluvial enviornment during sea-level lowstand, possibly last glacial maximum(LGM).

光陽灣과 駕莫灣의 海洋學的 特性

曺炷煥,金永彩 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 自然科學硏究 Vol.10 No.1

The aim of this paper is to study and analyze the physical, chemical, and biological elements in Kwangyang Bay and Kamak Bay from 1984 to 1985. For this study the author established three stations in Kamak Bay, two stations in Kwangyang Bay and investigated water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, phosphate-P, nitrite-N, nitrate-N, ammonium-N, total-N, and plankton in February, April, June, October, September, and November. Their results are as follows. The water temperature of Kamak Bay is higher than that of Kwangyang Bay. In February, the st. 1 of the inner bay is lower about 2.7℃ than the st. 5 of the outer sea. Therefore this phenomenon shows that water temperature increases in proportion to air temperature. Salinity is 24.5‰ lowest in Kwangyang Bay in September because of the influx of lots of land water, and it is 34.O‰ highest in Kamak Bay in February. pH is low in summer when the amount of precipitation is large. The range of pH is narrow, and the average pH of the two sea areas is almost the same as that of sea water. DissoIved oxygen is 7.57㏄/ℓ in February, which is the highest amount, and 4.71㏄/ℓ in September, the lowest amount. This phenomenon seems to have resulted from the consumption of a large amount of dissolved oxygen that is related to oxidization of organic matter and breathing of plants and animals. Chemical oxygen demand is higher in September than in April, and it seems to be related to Precipitation and water temperature. The amount of phosphate-P is 1.52㎍-at/ℓ in Kwangyang Bay, 0.86㎍-at/ℓ in Kamak Bay, and is larger in February than in November. This results from water temperature and the influx of land water. Phosphate-P, tota1-N, and nutrients prevail in Kwangyang Bay, this phenomenon seems to have resulted from the influx of a large amount of organic matter. The amount of plankton is large in Kamak Bay, and is largest in winter. This fact shows that plankton increases very much in winter when the water temperature is lowest, and dissolved oxygen is highest amount.

麗水近海의 海況特性에 관한 硏究

曺炷煥,金永成,李吉洙 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 自然科學硏究 Vol.10 No.1

This study was done for the purpose of effectively preserving the fishing grounding which are existing and will be newly established in Yeosu coastal areas. Accordingly, the oceanegrahic conditional characteristics of these areas were investigated in February, May, September and November, 4 times each year from 1984 to 1985, that results are as follows: 1. The mean water temperature was high by 24.4℃ in Deukyang Bay in September 1984 and low by 3.8℃ in Yeoja Bay in February 1985. In comparison of water temperature with common year, it was high by 0.2~1.1℃ in February and May and low by 0.3~1.1℃ in September and November 1984, and 1ow by 1.2~2.0℃ in February to November 1985. 2. The distribution of salinity was 14.8~34.0‰ for two years:14.8~33.9‰ in 1984 and 31.2~34.0% in 1985. The mean distribution was low by 29.2‰ in September 1984 and high by 33.6% in February 1985. The distributions in each coastal area were low by 23.1% in KwangyangBay in September 1984 and high by 33.9% in the external sea of Keumsan area. In comparison of saliaity with common year, it was low by 0.2~2.0‰ in May, September and November 1984 and high by 0.5~l.6‰ in February, May and September 1985. It was high by 0.2~O.7‰ respective1y. 3. The distribution of dissolved oxygen was 3.2~88㏄/ℓ for two years : 3.5~7.8㏄/ℓ in 1984 and 3.2~88㏄/ℓ in 1985. The distribution were high by 0.7㏄/ℓ in February and low by 7.4㏄/ℓ in September 1984 and high by 7.4㏄/ℓ and low by 4.5㏄/ℓ in May 1985. The distributions in each coastal area were high by 8.4㏄/ℓ in Gamag Bay and low by 3.9㏄/ℓ in Kwangyang Bay in 1985. 1n comparison of distribution with common year, it was low by 0.1~O.3㏄/ℓ in 1984 and high by 0.2~0.6㏄/ℓ in 1985. 4.The distribution of PO_4-P was 0.Ol~5.O8㎍-at/ℓ for two years: 0.O1~5.48㎍-at/ℓ in 1984 and 0.01~3.44㎍-at/ℓ in 1985. The distribution was high by 1.65㎍-at/ℓ in Kwanyang Bay in November 1985 and low by 1.65㎍-at/ℓ in the external sea of Keumsan area. 5. The distribution of NO_2-N was 0.01~ll.7㎍-at/ℓ for two years : 0.01~8.48㎍-at/ℓ in 1984 and 0.02~ll.79㎍-at/ℓ in 1985. The distribution was low by 0.02㎍-at/ℓ in Gamag Bay in September 1984 and high by 5.32㎍-at/ℓ in Kwangyang Bay in September 1985. 6. The distribution of SiO_2-Si was 0.18~71.5㎍-at/ℓ for two year 036~71.50㎍-at/ℓ in 1984 and 0.18~27.18㎍-at/ℓ in 1985. The distributions were high by 31.81㎍-at/ℓ in Kwangyang Bay in September 1985 and low by 1.5~3㎍-at/ℓ in Yeoja Bay in May 1985.

3년제 보건계학과 현장실습의 효율적 운영방안

조경진,박영선,박지환,이병기,정순희 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1997 保建科學硏究論集 Vol.6 No.1

For the the enhancement of educational efficiency in on-site training of 3-year health college program, the authors perofrmed a survey. From the survey result the authors came to conclusions as follows, The duration of training in the health college programs should be extended as one year through the extension of length of study. Evaluations in training sites were thought to be unreasonable, and therefore the evaluation system should be improved or newly developed. Educators in colleges are also urged to participate in various workshops to catch the new theory and changing technologies. All health alleges should try to expand their experimental facilities and equipments. Securing suitable training places is very difficult for some colleges located in small cities. At this point the governmental meddling is keenly required to ease the situation. Each training place must prepare its own educational program on which the educators can execute schedules. Training fee is another intricate matter for both collegs and training places. Some criteria for the amount per trainee and proper paying methods should be suggested in the earliest time. Considering the highly sophisticated equipment and higher wages for the manpower within the laboratories and relevanat places, the education in managerial aspects should be included in the programs. To enhance the effiency in the trainings, the student's daily report should be practical one not formalistic, and opportunities to handle the sophisticated equipments should be given to the trainees, and paying the careful consideration to trainees would be desirable.

榮山江 河口 댐 建設前後의 海洋環境 比較硏究

曺炷煥,朴榮濟 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1989 自然科學硏究 Vol.12 No.1

In order to find out the effect of the enclosure at Yeongsan River Estuary on the surrounding aquatic envionments, a study on the physical, chemical and biological changes in this area had been carried out during from February, 1979 to November, 1985. Since November, 1981 when the dam was completed, there have been the considerable changes in the enclosed estuary in salinity, dissolved oxygen density, COD, nutrients, suspended particulate matter(SPM), transparency and biological compositions, with reduced water flow and appearance of immovable water masses. The relationship between the density of SPM and the transparency was calculated as S=86.4982-71.4837T(r=-0.8610) in 1979, but this was changed after the enclosure of the tam to S=22.0384-6.1865(r=-0.7488) in 1984. The fishes collected during the investigation are consisted of 12 species incuding Fugu vermicularis porphyreus, Epinephelus septemfasciatus and Hippocampus coronatus, which are newly found from this area. New establishments of clear water-algal species in this area such as Codium fragile, Hizikia fusiforme, Sargassum fulvellum and Undaria pinnatifida implies that a great change of marine flora have been occurred after the enclosure of the dam. benthic animals are 11 species including Mytilus edulis, Chlamys farreri, Musculus senhausia and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, which are newly inhabited in this area. In paricular M. edulis attached abundantly to the shore, and this implies that there was a great deal of ecological change after the enclosure of dam in this area.

실내사회체육시설의 온도, 습도, 조명도에 관한 실태분석

조연철,이원재,이달원,김영환 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1995 科學論集 Vol.21 No.-

This study is aimed to analyze investigations on the envoronmental conditions of indoor sports facilities and to research the effects of environmental pollutants on the health. Among the sites of rollerskate, bowling, table tennis, and taekwondo in Taegu city area, three sites were selected in this study respectively. The data measured are temperature, humidity and illumination. These examined data were compared with seasons, indoor and outdoor, and time from standard levels. The conclusions derived from the results obtained are as follows : Air temperture was not significantly different in all times, but showed significant differences between indoor and outdoor values. In bowling site, it was not significantly different in seasons. In rollerskate site, it showed distinctive differences among 4 sites. Humidity did not show significant difference with time, but was the lowest between 2-4 p.m. and 6-8 p.m. in winter. So temperature variation had effects on the discomfort in indoor sports facilities more than temperature level itself. Illumination was below 100 Lux in rollerskate and taekwondo sites, over 100 Lux in table tennis and bowling sites. This investigation revealed some negative aspects of environmental management. So we must be able to maintain artificial illumination for guests' eye-power. From the above results, the government is requested to prepare an appropriate administrative measure for the commercial indoor sports facilities.

Hydropriming 처리가 오이종자의 발아성에 미치는 영향

조동,최영환,손병구,감정순,안종길 密陽産業大學校 農業技術開發硏究所 1998 農業技術開發硏究所報 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구는 오이종자의 발아율 향상과 발아촉진을 위해 처리가 간편하고, 처리비용을 절감할 수 있는 hydropriming의 실용화를 위해 필수적인 요인에 관한 실험을 수행하였다. 오이 종자의 발아촉진에 최적 priming 처리제는 50mM ·NaN03였다 유근장 및 유근 건물 중은 priming 처리제 종류에 따라 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, priming 및 hydropriming 종 자는 무처리보다는 높았다. 그러나 50mM NaN03와 hydropriming 처리간 발아력 증진 효과가 동일하여 오이종자에서 물을 이용한 hydropriming은 처리비용을 절감할 수 있어 합리적인 종자처리였다 오이 종자의 hydropriming 적정 처리온도는 20℃, 처리시간은 24시간이였다. Hydropriming시 적정 용액량은 종자 2g에 대한 용액량 10m 공급처리가 발아율 향상. T50,MDG 단축 및 유근생장에 효과적 이였다. 인위노화 종자는 발아율이 감소하였고 발아속 도는 지연되었으며, 비정상적인 발아는 증가하였다. 활력이 저하된 노화종자를 hydropriming 처리는 발아율이 향상되었고, 조기 발아하였다 또한 비정상인 발아는 감소되었으며, 유근생장이 촉진되어 종자력이 부분적으로 회복되었다. 이러한 경향은 노화일수록 경과된 종자일수록, 부적당한 발아조건인 15℃ 명확하게 나타났다. Various hydration treatments have been devised to improve the rate and uniformity of seed germination as well as seed viability. Hydropriming and priming, the imbibition of seeds in distilled water and osmotic solutions respectively, are useful techniques for early establishment of uniform seedlings. In this study, the optimum conditions were determined for hydropriming cucumber seeds. Effects of hydropriming were compared those of osmotic priming. Seeds, hydroprimed or primed with distilled water and 50 mM NaN03 at 20℃ for 24 hour, showed shorter number of days to 50% of the final germination percentage(T50) , and mean number of days to germination(MDG) than those untreated seeds. Nor did the ratio between the amount of seed to the volume of solution affect percent germination. But, hydorprimed with 10 ml distilled water showed improving the rate of germination than other treatment seeds. Hydropriming the aged seeds did improve percent germination at 15℃ and 25℃ . The T50 and MDG values were reduced significantly by hydropriming the aged seeds regardless of germination temperature. In addition to being simple and inexpensive, the quicker germination of hydropriming at low temperature. The effectiveness of hydropriming seeds caused some increase in the percentage of normal seedlings.

免疫組織化學的 方法에 依한 마우스組織에서의 Toxoplasma 抗原 檢出에 關한 硏究

趙裕行,李英河,羅榮彦,辛大煥 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1990 충남의대잡지 Vol.17 No.1

This study was performed to identify the Toxoplasma antigens from the mice tissue chronically infected with Toxoplasma gondii Beverley strain by peroxidase-antiperoxidase(PAP) method. The 21 mice divided into two groups, control group (3mice) and cortisone-treated group (18mice). In cortisone-treated group, the mice were injected with 0.5mg of cortisone acetate twice a week for 6 week subcutaneously and 3 mice were sacrified at each week. The brain, lung, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, small intestine and skeletal muscle of mice were removed immediately after death. The removed tissues were fixed with 10% buffered neutral formalin, and then PAP method and H-E staining were done. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The cysts were found in the brain entirely, in the heart at 4 weeks, and in the skeletal muscle at 5 weeks. The number and size of cysts in the brain were increased in proportion to total dose of cortisone acetate in mice. Tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii showed at 4, 5 and 6 week in brain. 2. The brain, speen and skeletal muscle showed highly positive immunoreactivity. The liver, heart and small intestine were moderately positive, but lung and kidney showed weekly positive immunoreactivity by PAP method. 3. There were a chronic inflammatory responses in the brain, liver and heart but the remaining organs were almost normal appearance. And tachyzoites were found in the brain, associated with severe inflammatory changes. The present study revealed that tachyzoites and immunoreactivity of Toxoplasma were easily detected by PAP immune complex method.

신속하고 균일한 묘출현 증진을 위한 종자전처리 기술

조동,손병구,강점순,최영환,안종길 密陽産業大學校 農業技術開發硏究所 1998 農業技術開發硏究所報 Vol.2 No.1

Preplant seed hydration treatments, particularly at low water potential, mobilized seed's resources that are utilized for rapid and synchronous germination, improved emergence rare, and larger stand size and yields. Seed priming is ideally suited to combat or lessen the impact of a number of soil and climatic constraints, including cold and wet conditions, thermoinhibition, drought, and incidence of diseases. The priming treatment is versatile enough to be integrated with other preplant physiological and non-physiological treatment to combat other internal and external constraints. These include chilling to break the primary dormancy, permeation with hormones to prevent the induction of secondary dormancy, and treatment with pesticides and beneficial microbes to combat seed and seedling diseases during stand establishment. The success or failure of priming treatment are influenced by a complex interaction of factors including plant species, osmeticum, water potential of the priming agent, during of priming, temperature, seed vigor, and dehydration and storage conditions following priming. Seed priming treatment under controlled temperature conditions, allows seeds to imbibe water and go through the initial stages of germination without radicle protrusion through seed coat. The use of a matricum for solid matrix priming(SMP) follows the same principals as for solution osmotic priming. The choice in mainly based on choosing a material wherein water uptake by the seed can be more closely regulated. Concentration of the matricum or osmoticum can be altered to fine-tune water relations The other factors that effect the results from seed priming, aeration, temperature, duration, light. dehydration, and storage are dependent on the species being primed. All crop seeds need air to germinate, thus optimizing aeration during priming. Germination rate and uniformity can be improved by priming for a vast array of crops as evidenced. The numbers of different species commercially primed and available to producers is quite small. The reasons for this might include the high charges to the grower of primed seed, lack of knowledge and or experience by growers of the results obtained from priming. Finally, more practical and essential subjects such as seed vigor and priming effectiveness, effects of dehydration after priming, storage conditions, and the ideal combination of matrix-solid, water, and seeds in SMP treatments are in need of further studies.

榮山江河口域의 環境學的 特性(Ⅰ)

朴榮濟,曺炷煥 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 自然科學硏究 Vol.9 No.1

1979年 2月부터 1983年 11月까지 榮山江 河口댐 建設에 따른 周邊해역에 對한 海洋의 物理, 化學的 環境變化를 河口댐 設置前後와 比較 調査한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1981年 11月에 榮山江 河口댐 이 設置된 後 만내측은 潮流速 감소, 정체수역의 形成과 特 히 調査項目中 鹽分, 浮游物質, 透明度 等에 큰 變化가 나타났다. 水溫은 河口댐 設置 以前에 比해 만내측의 정체수역은 春夏季동안 表·底層間의 水溫差가 매우 크게 나타났으며, 동계인 2月은 만외측으로 갈수록 높고 하계에는 만내측이 월등히 높은 수온을 보인다. 鹽分은 河口댐에서 淡水 放流時 만내측의 st. 1∼2에서는 表·底層間의 鹽分差가 一時的으로 크게 나타났으며, 계절분포는 8月과 9月이 크게 낮았고 2月이 가장 높게 나타났다. 특히 2月의 st. 1∼3의 저층에는 高鹽分水가 存在하는 것이 特徵이었다. 溶存酸表는 河口댐 設置 以前에는 계절변화가 規則的이었으나 河口댐 設置 이후에는 不規則變化를 나타내고 있는데 이는 溫度와 海水流動 및 정체현상, 植物性 Plankton 등의 影響을 많이 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 高酸表月은 2月이며 低酸表月은 8月이었다. pH는 高鹽分域에서는 높은값을 低鹽分域에서는 낮은 값을 보이고 있다. 河口댐 設置後 4月과 6月의 內灣에서는 植物性 Plankton의 影響도 다소 받고 있는 것으로 생각되며 8月과 9月은 淡水의 影響을 크게 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 浮游物質과 透明度는 河口댐 設置以後에 榮山江에서 流入되는 silt, clay 및 潮流速의 감소로 浮混의 溶出이 적어 浮游物質은 灣內側에서 環境基準値 以下로 크게 감소된 반면, 透明度는 크게 向上되어 가장 큰 特徵을 보이고 있다. The purpose of this paper is to inverstigate the change in environmental chatracteristics after Construction of the dam on the Yeongsan river. To do so, Water temperature, Salinity, dissolved oxygen, PH, suspended solids and transparency were measured at the estuary of the Yeongsan river from Feb. 1979 to Nov. 1983. The highest water temperature was 27.6℃ in August of 1982. The Lowest water temperature was 2.6℃ in February of 1982. The water temperature at the surface was higher than that at the bottom. During the winter, water temperature of the outer bay was higher than that of the inner bay, and vice-versa during the summer. Salinity was higher in the winter than in the summer, and higher in the outer bay than in the bay, and a high difference in salinity appeared between the surface and the bottom after construction of the dam. During the winter, the dissolved oxygen of the inner bay was higher than of the outer bay and vice-versa the summer. Dissolved oxygen became irregular after Construction of the dam. During the Summer, the PH of the outer bay was higher than that of the inner bay. Suspended solids were the highest in June, 1980 measuring 104^㎎g/ℓ, and the lowest in June, 1983 measuring 2.4^㎎/ℓ. From the above observations it can be seen that suspended solids decreased after Construction of the dam. Transparency measured 0.1m in 1980 as the lowest, and 3.9m as the highest in 1983.