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Dong Hoon Lee,Myong Sun Park,Chiwon W. Lee,Jong Myung Choi 한국원예학회 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.4
This study investigated the effect of pre-planting nitrogen (N) fertilization levels added to a soilless root medium on the growth of ̒Dotaerang Dia̓ tomato seedlings. The N levels were varied for a total of 7 treatments: 0, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1,000, or 1,500 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP>. The pH of the root media gradually rose in all treatments as the seedlings grew; however, the differences in the pH were not significant among the treatments. The electrical conductivity (EC) of the root media was significantly different among the treatments from sowing to week three, then drastically decreased after week four, which diminished the differences in the EC among the treatments. At week six, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, and fresh and dry weights of the shoot were highest for the treatment with 500 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> N. In contrast, the treatment with 1,500 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> N had the lowest results for all growth measurements. The fresh weight was 67% heavier in the 500 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> N treatment compared to the 1,500 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> N treatment. The total N content in the tissues was lowest in the treatment with 0 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> N and highest in the treatment with 1,000 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> N. The contents of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and metal micronutrients in the tissues were highest in the 250 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> N treatment. A previous study demonstrated that adjusting the fertilization level to promote growth to over 90% of the maximum growth is a good strategy for lowering production costs and preventing damage due to excessive fertilizer absorption by crops. Our results indicated that the optimal pre-planting N fertilization level for tomato plug seedlings should be lower than 500 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> and the optimum tissue N contents should be around 3.21% to 4.60%.
Position of Source Leaf Affects Translocation and Distribution of C¹⁴ Photo-Assimilates in Tomato
Sang Gyu Lee,Chiwon W. Lee (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2006 시설원예‧식물공장 Vol.15 No.2
The relationship between source leaf position and photo-assimilate translocation and distribution was characterized for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) grown in the greenhouse. Three different positions of source leaf on the stem (first node above or below the first fruit cluster and 5<SUP>th</SUP> node above the first fruit cluster) were tested for their influence on <SUP>14</SUP>CO₂ assimilation and transfer to different parts of the plant. The leaves at the 5<SUP>th</SUP> node above the first fruit cluster transferred the highest (57%) proportion of C<SUP>14</SUP> to other plant parts, followed by leaves borne on the first node below the first fruit cluster (50%), and the first node above the first fruit cluster (39%). In all treatments, fruits served as the strongest sink for C<SUP>14</SUP>, followed by stem, leaf, and root tissues. The leaf borne on the 5<SUP>th</SUP> node above the first fruit cluster transferred the largest amount of C<SUP>14</SUP> to the second fruit cluster.
Sang-Gyu Lee,Kwan-Dal Ko,Chiwon W. Lee 한국원예학회 2005 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.46 No.5
The patterns of C¹⁴ carbohydrate translocation and distribution from the source leaf to various plant parts in watermelon grown in the greenhouse and field were investigated. Seedling-grown plants were pruned to two branches with one carrying a fruit. When leaves at four different positions (on fruit-bearing node, on the 5th node above and below the fruit-bearing node, and on the 5th node from the base of the non-fruit-bearing stem) were exposed to ¹⁴CO₂, the distribution of C¹⁴ compounds to different parts (fruit, stem, leaf, and root) of the plant varied. In all treatments, the fruit was the strongest sink, followed by the stem, leaf, and root. The highest percentage of C¹⁴ photoassimilates was translocated out of the source when the leaf born on the fruit-bearing node was exposed to ¹⁴CO₂ in both greenhouse- and field-grown plants. Translocation of C¹⁴ compounds from the leaves on the 5th node or above and below the first fruit-carrying node was similar. Only 29% of C¹⁴ was translocated from the source leaf born on the 5th node of the non-fruit bearing branch in the greenhouse, as compared to more than 46% of the C¹⁴ from other source leaves. Accumulation of C¹⁴ in the root tissues was greatest when source leaves were born on the non-fruit bearing branch. In general, field-grown plants had a larger proportion of the C¹⁴ translocated as compared to greenhouse-grown plants.
추비 조성 및 농도가 ‘녹광’ 고추의 플러그 묘 생장에 미치는 영향
심창용,박인숙,Chiwon W. Lee,최종명 한국원예학회 2018 원예과학기술지 Vol.36 No.1
This research was conducted to determine the influence of post-planting fertilizer (PPF) concentrations the growth of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Nokkwang) seedlings when the nutrient solution was applied by sub-irrigation. Two different root media were formulated by mixing peat moss (grade 0 to 6 mm, PM06) and perlite (grade 2 to 5 mm, PE3) or peat moss (grade 0 to 10 mm, PM010) and PE3 with the ratio of 7:3 (v/v). The media were used to fill the 72- cell plug trays (cell volume 72 mL) and seeds were sown. After germination, the seedlings were grown in the growth chamber. The application of 13-2-13, 15-0-15, and 20-9-20 commercial analysis (N-P2O5-K2O) fertilizers in sequence began at the seedling stage 2 (cotyledon emergence) and the feeding solution nutrient concentrations were varied in three different treatments with 25 mg·L-1 N level increments each week: PPF 1 (0-100 mg·L-1), PPF 2 (25-125 mg·L-1), and PPF 3 (50-150 mg· L-1). The seedling trays were sub-irrigated with the fertilizer solution when the weight of each tray was reduced to 40 to 50% from container capacity. After 1, 2, 4 and 5 weeks after seed sowing, pH, EC and macronutrient element concentrations were analyzed and the growth of seedlings were measured 5 weeks after sowing. The fresh and dry weights of the seedling were heavier in the treatments of higher EC among the fertilization PPF 1 and 2, compared to those grown in PPF 3. The upward movement of fertilizer solution by capillary action resulted in the increase in electrical conductivity (EC) in the upper part of root substrate when the EC was measured separately for the upper, middle, and bottom portion of the growing media. The highest EC in the upper part of root media among all treatments was 2.7 dS·m-1, suggesting the leaching of nutrients by overhead irrigation is necessary when substrate EC rise is a concern. The changes of Na+, NO3 --N and K+ concentrations in root substrate during seedling culture had a similar trend as changes in EC. The macronutrient concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+ and PO4 3--P were lowered in the treatments of low or high substrate pH. In summary, the use of 13-2-13, 15-0-15 and 20-9-20 fertilizers in sequence and gradual elevation of nutrient solution N concentrations from 25 to 125 mg·L-1 during sub-irrigation were satisfactory for growing pepper seedlings using the root substrate with 77.9% container capacity. 고추(Capsicum annuum L. cv. Nokkwang)를 저면관비 방법으로 육묘할 때 추비의 종류 및 농도가 묘 생장에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 본 실험을 하였다. 0-6mm 등급의 피트모스와 직경 2-5mm 펄라이트(PE3) 또는 0-10mm 등급의 피트모스와 PE3를 각각 7:3(v/v)으로 혼합한 2종류 혼합상토를 72공 플러그 트레이(cell volume 54mL)에 충진하고 파종한 후 28-29°C 온도로 발아시켰으며, 발아 후 생장상에서 육묘하였다. 플러그 stage 2인 자엽형성기에 저면관비를 시작하였으며 추비는 복합비료(N-P2O5-K2O) 13-2-13, 15-0-15 및 20-9-20을 생육단계별로 농도를 변화시키고 순서대로 처리하였다. 처리구별로 N 농도기준 25mg·L-1의 차이를 갖도록 3종류 추비 프로그램(post-planting fertilization program, PPF)을 적용하였고, 플러그 트레이의 수분이 포화 기준으로 40-50% 수준으로 감소할 때 저면관비 하였다. 파종 후 1, 2, 4 및 5주째 포화추출법으로 수집한 토양수의 pH, EC 및 무기이온 농도를 분석하고, 파종 후 5주째 유묘 생장을 조사하였다. 플러그 묘 생장은 PPF 1과 2의 EC가 높았던 처리에서 우수하였으며 PPF 3을 적용한 처리는 저조하였다. 저면관비 후 모세관력에 의해 상승된 무기염으로 인해 트레이 상부에 위치한 상토의 EC가 높았고, 가장 높았던 처리는 2.7dS·m-1로 측정되었다. 상토의 Na+, NO3--N 및 K+ 농도는 EC와 유사하게 변하였으며, pH가 낮은 처리구에서 상토의 Ca2+과 Mg2+ 농도가 낮았고, pH가 높은 처리구에서 PO43--P 농도가 낮았다. 이상의 내용을 요약하면 용기용수량이 높은 상토를 이용한 고추 저면관비 육묘시 파종 7일부터 시비를 시작하여 N 농도 기준25mg·L-1부터 125mg·L-1까지 점차적으로 시비농도를 높이는 것이 묘 생장에 바람직하다고 판단하였다.