[招請講演] 植物生長調節劑에 관하여

趙匡衍(Cho, Kwang Yun) 韓國雜草學會 1985 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.5 No.2

쌍화차의 추출조건에 관한 연구

조광연(Kwang Yun Cho) 한국식품영양과학회 1989 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.18 No.1

쌍화차의 제조공정중 추출은 용매를 50% etanol로 하고 그 첨가량은 원료량의 10배로 하였을 때 가장 수율이 높았고, 추출온도 및 시간은 90℃ water bath에서 8시간 추출하는 방법이 가장 효과적으로 생산비를 절감할 수 있었다. 또한 특수성분의 HPLC분석 결과는 50% etanol로 추출한 제품이 물로 추출한 것보다 높은 양을 나타내었고 특히 Decursinol성분의 경우에 물추출로는 38.59 PPM, 50% etanol추출로는 298.02PPM으로 가장 현저한 차이를 나타내었다. During the preparation of Ssang Wha tea it was observed that the highest yield was obtained when it was extracted with 50% ethanol, of which guantity was added 10 times more then that of Sample. The most effective extraction temperature and time was 90℃ and 8hours on the water bath, which was resulted in saving of production cost. From the HPLC Analysis, it was also observed that product extracted with 50%ethanol give higher yield than that of exfrac ted with water.

A New Method for The Preparation of $\alpha$-Fluorinated and $\alpha$-Perfluoroalkylated Ketones

조광연,Jeong, In Howa,Min, Yong Ki,Kim, Young Sup,Kim, Bum Tae,Cho, Kwang Yun,Kim, Keun Jae 대한화학회 1994 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.15 No.1

버즘나무방패벌레 (Corythucha ciliata Say)의 생태적 특성 및 살충제감수성

송철,조광연,Song, Cheol,Cho, Kwang-Yun 한국생명과학회 2000 생명과학회지 Vol.10 No.2

To understand the biological characteristics of Corythucha ciliata occurring in Korea, developmental periods and its susceptibility to several insecticides were examined under growth chamber condition at $25^{\circ}C$. It took 11.1 day from egg to hatch. And duration of each stage up to the 5th nymph after hatching was 4.0, 2.1, 2.0, 2.9, and 4.0 days, respectively. Total duration from egg to adult was 26.1 days, preoviposition period was 12.2 days, and average number of eggs laid by a female was 83.0. Sex ratio of female was 51.6% and lifespan of female adult was 43.2% days. LC50 value of deltamethrin and esfenvalerate were 0.8 and 0.9 ppm, respectively. Insecticidal effects were better in pyrethroids than organophosphates and carbamates.

새로운 2-이미노티아졸린 유도체의 합성과 항균활성 (II)

남기달,최경자,조광연,한호규,Nam, Kee-Dal,Choi, Gyung-Ja,Cho, Kwang-Yun,Hahn, Hoh-Gyu 한국응용생명화학회 1998 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.41 No.6

신 농약을 개발할 목적으로 선도화합물인 티아졸린의 곁가지를 변화시킨 새로운 2-이미노티아졸린 유도체를 합성하여 항균활성을 검색하였다. 디키틴과 아닐린으로부터 제조된 아세토아세트아닐리드 유도체를 브롬화하여 상응하는 감마-브로모아세토아세트아닐리드 유도체를 얻고 이를 티오우레아 유도체와 반응시켜 2-이미노티아졸린 유도체를 합성하였다. 2-이미노티아졸린의 항균활성을 검색하고자 6 종류의 대표적인 식물 병원균에 대한 시험(in vivo)을 하였다. 2-페노치환체들은 벼도열병균에 대하여 250 ppm에서 탁월한 항균성을 나타냈다. 1차 활성시험에서 방제가 90이상으로 평가된 것만 선발하여 2차 활성시험(농도저하 시험)을 수행하였다. 2-아릴기에 전자주게보다 전자 끌게, 전자끌게 중에서도 할로겐치환체가 도입된 경우에 고 활성을 나타냈으며 불소원자가 치환된 경우에 활성이 비교적 양호하였다. A synthesis and the screening of new 2-iminothiazolines (IV) of which structures are modified based on a lead compound, thiazoline for development of new agrochemical fungicide were described. Bromination of acetoacetanilides (I) which were prepared by the reaction of diketene with anilines gave the corresponding ${\gamma}-bromoacetoactanilide\;(II)$. Treatment of II with N-phenyl-N'-methyl thiourea (III) afforded IV, structure of which was confirmed by various spectroscopic methods. Antifungal activity of the new IV was tested against six kinds of typical plant diseases (in vivo). The IV with aromatic substituents showed remarkable activity against the Pyricuraria oryzae at 250 ppm in primary screening. The candidates with control value over 90% in primary screening were selected and further tested for second screening at lower concentrations. The IV which has an electron-withdrawing substituent such as halogen, especially fluorine in aryl group showed a higher activity as compared to those with electron-donating group and meta substituent was for optimal position.

영지의 새로운 병원성진균 Xylogone sphaerospora

이종규,최경자,조광연,오세종,박정식 ( Jong Kyu Lee,Gyung Ja Choi,Kwang Yun Cho,Se Jong Oh,Jeong Sik Park ) 한국균학회 1996 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

잿빛곰팡이 병원균 Botrytis cinerea 균주의 분리기주별 표현형적 특성 , 병원성 및 약제저항성 변이

최인실,정영륜,조광연 ( In Sil Choi,Young Ryun Chung,Kwang Yun Cho ) 한국균학회 1995 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

농약 살포작업의 생력화를 위한 투척처리용 점보제의 연구개발에 관하여

유주현,임희경,조광연 ( Ju Hyun Yu,He Kyoung Lim,Kwang Yun Cho ) 한국환경농학회 1996 한국환경농학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Recent development in Japan on jumbo formulation of pesticides for paddy application by hand throw was reviewed. In addition, the diffusion of liquid formulations in water was examined to establish the research strategy for the jumbo formulation. Research on jumbo formulation in Japan has been focused on gas-generating formulations and self-emulsifiable formulations. Although continuous efforts to minimize the problem of pesticide deposit on the treated site have been made for the gas-generating formulations, much work is still needed to establish a generally acceptable formulation method and to commercialize a herbicide formulation. The self-emulsifiable jumbo formulations have recently been investigated. These formulations could simply be processed and showed relatively high biological efficacy. The emulsifiable concentrate was more diffusible than the suspension concentrate in water. The diffusion of the emulsifiable concentrate was not greatly disturbed by floating obstacles. And the diffusion rate was high when the specific grabity was lower than one.

토양중 유기물함량 차이에 따른 고구마뿌리혹선충(Meloidigyne incognita)에 대한 Carbofuran과 Ethoprophos의 효력변동, 수직이동성 및 잔효성조사

송철,황인택,장경수,조광연,Song, Cheol,Hwang, In-Taek,Jang, Kyoung-Soo,Cho, Kwang-Yun 한국응용곤충학회 1999 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.38 No.1

토양중 유기물 함량 차이에 따른 토양내에서 carbofuran과 ethoprophos의 약효 변화, 수직 이동성 및 잔효성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 고구마뿌리혹선충 (Meloidogyne incognita)을 공시하여 실험하였다. 두 약제 모구 토양중 유기물 함량이 많을수록 약효는 감소였다. 약제의 수직이동성은 토양 표면에서 0~2cm층에서는 유기물의 함량에 관계없이 두 약제 모두 80%이상의 높은 방제가를 보였으나, 2~4cm층에서는 유기물의 함량에 관계없이 두 약제 모두 80%이상의 높은 방제가를 보였으나, 2~4cm 층에서는 두 약제의 방제가가 다르게 나타났다. Carbofuran의 경우 유기물 함량에 따라 10~30%의 방제가를 나타냈으나, ethoprophos는 0.4% 유기물 토양에서만 약 30%의 방제가를 나타냈으며, 나머지 유기물 토양에서는 효과가 거의 없었다. 또한 4cm 이하의 토양에서는 carbofuran은 대부분의 토야에서 5~20%의 내외의 약효를 나타냈으나, ethoprophos은 거의 나타내지 않았다. 따라서 , 두 약제 중에서 토양중 이동성은 carbofuran이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 토양중 유기물 함량은 두 약제의 잔효지속기간에 큰 영향을 주었으며, 유기물 함량이 증가함에 따라 약효지속기간이 감소하였다. 약효의 반감기는 carbofuran의 경우 유기물 함량이 0.4%인 토양에서는 2~3주로 나타났으나, 0.8%, 1.6% 토양에서는 1주 정도였다. 한편, ethoprophos의 경우 0.4%, 0.8%의 토양에서는 3~4주, 1.6%인 토양에서는 1~2주로 나타났다. 그러나 두 약제 모두 3.2%의 유기물함량 토양에서 약제의 효과가 거의 나타나지 않았다. Effects of organic matter content in soil on activity. vertical migration. and persistence of two nernaticides. carbofuran and ethoprophos. to root-knot nematode, Mrloitlog!~iei ~lcognita.w ere investigated. As the organic matter content increased. activity of the nernaticides tended to be reduced. Both nematicides exhibited control values of more than 80'k' to M. iix.o,yilit~iln 0-2 cm depth soil layer from the surface. regi~rdless of organic matter content in soil. In 2-4 cm depth soil layer. however. the control value of the neniaticides varied with the organic niatter content in soil. The control value of carbofuran in the soil layer was ranged from I0 to 30'2,. depending on the soil organic niatter content. In contrast. ethoprophos had no control value against M. i/ic.o,ytlitcr in the \oil layer, except that the nematicide had a control value of 30% when the organic matter content was 0.4%. Furthermore. ethoprophos had no effect on controlling M. i/ic.o,gtiitrr in soil layer of below 4cm. whereas control values of carbofuran were approximately from 5 to 20% in all test soils having different organic matter contents. These results indicate that carbofuran has more vertical migration effect than ethoprophos. Persistence of the two neniaticides was also decreased with increasing soil organic matter content. Half life of carbofuran was 2-3 weeks in soil containing 0.4% organic matter, whereas it was found to be I week in soils containning 0.8 ant1 1.6% of organic matter. On the other hand. activity of ethoprophos was reduced to half in 3-3 weeks and in 2-3 weeks in soil containing 0.4 and 0.8%, and 1.6%) of organic matter, respectively. However, no activity of the both nernaticides was found in soil containing 3.2% of organic matter.

Flusilazole의 훈증 효과에 의한 양파검은곰팡이병균(Aspergillus niger)의 포자 형성 억제

김흥태,박세원,최경자,김진철,조광연,Kim, Heung-Tae,Park, Se-Won,Choi, Gyung-Ja,Kim, Jin-Cheol,Cho, Kwang-Yun 한국식물병리학회 2002 식물병연구 Vol.8 No.2

1998년 전남 신안군의 양파 상온 저장고에서 발생한 검은색의 곰팡이는 검은곰팡이병을 일으키는 Aspergillusniger로 동정되었다. A. niger AnYD-1은 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 균사생장, 포자발아 그리고 양파에 대한 병원성이 가장 양호하였다. PDA 배지 상에서 실시한 in vitro의 실험에서 flusilazole과 hexaconazole은 A. niger AnYD-1의 균사 생장 억제 효과는 적었지만, 병원균에 살균제를 직접 처리하지 않고 증기 상태로 처리하였을 때 포자의 형성을 강하게 억제하는 특이적 인 훈증효과를 보였다. Flusilazole과 hexaconazole의 훈증의 효과는 사용하는 용매, 처리 농도와 배양 온도에 따라서 차이가 있었다. Dimethylsulfoxide와 dimethylformamide를 용매로 사용하였을 때 가장 높은 효과가 나타났으며, 고온에서 배양할수록 포자형성 억제 효과가 크게 나타났다. In 1998, a pathogen isolated from infected onions was identified as Aspergillus niger. At 3$0^{\circ}C$, A. niger AnYD-1 showed the best mycelial growth, spore germination, and high pathogenicity to onions. In spite of the weak inhibitory effect of flusilazole and hexaconazole on the mycelial growth on PDA, they showed the specific inhibitory activity against the formation of spores in the vapour phase. With flusilazole and hexaconazole, the effects of the solvent, the applied concentration and the incubating temperature on the activities inhibiting the spore formation were confirmed. Their inhibitory effect on the spore formation in vapour phase was excellent by solving them with dimethylsulfoxide and dimethylformamide among tested solvents, and applying them at high temperature such as 30~35$^{\circ}C$.