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장정민(Chang Jung-Min),김원중(Kim Won-Chung) 문학과 환경학회 2007 문학과 환경 Vol.6 No.2
This paper studies how H.D. Thoreau's understanding of eating is closely connected with his ecological vision through a close reading of Walden, especially "The Bean-Field" chapter. Thoreau diagnoses that the miserable lives of human beings and destruction of nature is largely due to the industrial capitalism which exploits nature and excessive human desire. Through his experimental life beside Walden Pond, Thoreau presents a vision that is capable of overcoming the diseased world. His living in the woods, however, is not an escape from the civilized world but a return to the original life in which human being could live together with other creatures symbiotically. Thoreau’s strong belief in "simplicity" leads him to consider what is really necessary for life, and he finds that food is the only fundamental element for living. As a pro-environmental activist, he attempts to produce his own food in his bean field where his idea of ecological eating has been cultivated. Thoreau’s way of cultivating the bean field is fundamentally different from that of ordinary farmers in his age and, especially that of the modern agribusiness workers. He farms his small field ecologically; he argues that the land needs rest to recover its fertility and even refuses to manure his field. In contrast, because other farmers' main interest is to gain profit they cultivate on large scale and do not hesitate to spray pesticides and other chemicals indiscreetly, thereby damaging the land irrevocably. Thoreau also criticizes people who consume foods passively without knowing how and where they are produced and argues for an ecological eating, one of the most pressing arguments of modern ecologists Jane Goodall and Wendell Berry. By cultivating the bean field by his own hands, Thoreau learns the importance of food chain and inter-relatedness of all beings in the ecosystem. In this sense, his bean field is a place in which his idea of simple life is practiced as well as his idea of ecological eating and ecological vision is cultivated.
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Sclerosing Adenosis Diagnosed by Needle Biopsy
Heon Jin Jung(정헌진),Won Shik Han(한원식),Hyeong-Gon Moon(문형곤),Soo Kyung Ahn(안수경),Ji-Sun Kim(김지선),Dong-Yong Noh(노동영),Jung-Min Chang(장정민),Nariya Cho(조나리야),Woo Kyung Moon(문우경),In-Ae Park(박인애),Hee-Chul Shin(신 대한종양외과학회 2012 Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol.8 No.2
목적 : 본 연구는 침생검을 통해 진단 받은 경화성 선증에 대해 추가적인 수술 없이 경과 관찰했을 때의 잠재적 안정성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 1996년 1월부터 2010년 5월까지 침생검을 통해 경화성 선증으로 진단된 143명의 환자의 145개 병변을 대상으로 (core-needle biopsies 118례, vacuum-assisted biopsies 27례) 의무기록 검토를 토대로 한 후향적 고찰이다. 결과 : 환자들의 BI-RADS(The American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) 분류는 다음과 같다: C3(n=8), C4a(n=123), C4b(n=11), C4c(n=e), C5(n=1). 그 중 14명은 조직검사를 재시행하였고 BI-RADS 분류 C5이면서 영상의학적 소견과 병리학적 소견의 불일치를 보인 1명의 환자가 침윤성 유방암으로 진단되어 수술을 시행하였다. 나머지 환자들은 정기적인 초음파 검사 및 유방촬영술을 통해 경과 관찰하였고, 평균 추적관찰 기간 40개월 동안 144개의 병변의 최종 BI-RADS 분류는 다음과 같다: C1(n=5), C2(n=107), C3(n=32), 경과 관찰기간 동안 142명의 환자에서 악성 유방질환이 발견된 환자는 없었다. 결론 : 침생검을 통해 경화성 선증으로 진단된 환자에 있어서 추가적인 수술 없이 정기적인 검진을 통하여 경과 관찰하는 것은 잠재적 안전성을 가지고 있다. 하지만 조직검사와 영상검사 결과의 불일치 소견을 보이는 경우 수술적 생검을 통한 최종 진단이 필요하다. Background : The aim of this study was to assess the potential safety of follow up for patients diagnosed with sclerosing adenosis through needle biopsies without additional surgery. Patients and Methods : From January 1996 to May 2010, 145 lesions in 143 sclerosing adenosis patients who underwent core-needle biopsies (n=118), vacuum-assisted biopsies (n=27) in our institution were followed. Results : The American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-BADS) classification in these patients was as follows : C3(n=8), C4a(n=123), C4b(n=11), C4c(n=e) and C5(n=1). After sclerosing adenosis was diagnosed by needle biopsy, 14 patients underwent re-biopsy. Only 1 patient who had BIRAD C5 sonographic features was diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma and surrounding ductal carcinoma in situ. The remaining 142 patients received regular medical exam with ultrasonography and/or mammography. 144 lesions’ BI-RADS category were C1(n=5), C2(n=107) and C3(n=32). With the median follow-up period of 40 months, none of the patients developed breast malignancy. Conclusions : Our study suggest that patients with sclerosing adenosis diagnosed by needle biopsies can be safely followed without additional surgery. However, in case of discordance with images and biopsy result, surgical excision for definite diagnosis is recommended.
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