면역세포화학적 방법을 이용한 고양이 중간뇌에서 Calbindin D-28k 와 Parvalbumin을 함유한 GABA의 분포상에 관한 연구

김종중(Jong-Joong Kim),정상봉(Sang-Bong Jeong),김남훈(Nam-Hoon Kim),안계훈(Gye-Hoon Ahn),정윤영(Yoon-Young Chung),문정석(Jeong-Seok Moon),장인엽(In -Youb Chang),김홍순(Hong-Soon Kim) 대한체질인류학회 2000 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.13 No.2

간추림 고양이 중간뇌에서 calbindin D-28k (CB) 와 parvalbumin (PV), 그리고 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) 의 분포상과 세포의 형태 및 크기를 관찰하고, 동일세포 E 안에서 이들의 공존을 확인하기 위하여 본 실험을 시행 하였다. CB, PA 및 GABA 에 대한 특이성을 지난 단세포군항체를 이용한 면역세포화학적 염색을 하여 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1 적색핵, 흑색질, 눈돌림신경핵, 청색핵에서 CB-IR, PV-JRGABA-IR 세포를 가장 많이 관찰할 수 있었다. 2 적색핵에서는 PV-IR 세포가, 흑색질에서는 CB-IR 세포가 더 많이 출현하였다. 3. PV-IR 과 GABA-IR 이 통일세포에 공존하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 4. CB-IR, PV-IR, GABA- IR 세포의 세포체의 형태는 방추형, 타원형, 원형이었고 그 크기는 15-20 μm 이었으며 세포의 모양을 흩극, 이극, 뭇극신경원이었다.

5-Fluorouracil이 생쥐의 간에 미치는 세포독성에 대한 Squalene의 영향

김정상,김재성,박정석,최완수,최영복,김종세,Kim, Jeong-Sang,Kim, Jae-Sung,Park, Jung-Suk,Choi, Wan-Soo,Choi, Young-Bok,Kim, Jong-Se 한국현미경학회 1997 Applied microscopy Vol.27 No.2

This paper aims to prove the effects of Squalene (SQ) on the cellular toxicity of 5-FU to the mouse which pretreated with SQ and then treated with 5-FU. The results of the group A (treated with only 5-FU) are as follows. The nucleus was destroyed at 24 hours and 48 hours group, however, somewhat repaired at 72 hours group. The dilated inner cavity and the irregular lamellae of the rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (RER) were observed continually until 72 hours group. The inner cavity of the smooth surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (SER) were dilated in all groups. However, the destroyed and the normal membrane were observed simultaneously at 72 hours group. The inner membrane of the mitochondria were almost repaired at 96 hours group. The results of the group B (treated with 5-FU and squalene) are as follows. The nucleus was a little influenced by the toxicity of 5-FU at 24 hours and 48 hours, RER were observed to keep the typical lamella structure of cisternae from 24 to 72 hours group, but inner cavity kept on dilating. In SER, inner cavity were also observed to flatten from 24 to 72 hours group. Mitochnodria were always shown normal. All cell organelles were simillar to those of normal groups at 96 hours. Accordingly, it can be said that the treatment of 50 prevents the cytotoxicity of 5-FU on cell organelles of liver cell and that is concerned with the formation of membrane system of cell organelles.

Adriamycin으로 유발된 생쥐의 간독성에 대한 Squalene의 영향

김정상,최영복,김종세,Kim, Jeong-Sang,Choi, Young-Bok,Kim, Jong-Se 한국현미경학회 1997 Applied microscopy Vol.27 No.1

The objective of the present study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of adriamycin in liver cells (group A), and the protective effect of squalene to the hepatocytes to which adriamycin-induced cytotcxicity (group B) was examined by transmission electron micro-scope. In the group A, The cisternae of rough endoplasmic reitculum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are dilated/disoriented at 24 hours and 48 hours. The inner and outer membrane of mitochondria are detached or destructed , and attached ribosomes of rough endoplasmic reticulum are diminished in number. The cisternae of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum are dilated, and the cristae of mitochondria are disrupted at 72 hours and 96 hours. In the group B, the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic resticulum are dilated at 24 hours. The cisternae of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum are dilated at 48 hours. The cell organelles of hepatocytes are recovered from cytotoxicity at 72 hours. These results suggest that 50 is not only concerned with composition of the membrane system of the cell organelles but also decreased the cytotoxicity of the hepatocytes.

생쥐의 화상에 미치는 Squalene의 치료 효능

김종세,김정상,윤중식,최영복,조광필,김재성,정수만,Kim, Jong-Se,Kim, Jeong-Sang,Yoon, Jung-Sik,Choi, Young-Bok,Cho, Kwang-Phil,Kim, Jae-Sung,Chung, Su-Man 한국현미경학회 1999 Applied microscopy Vol.29 No.2

본 실험은 화상을 입은 생쥐에서 SQ의 치유 효과를 알아보기 위함에 있다. 실험군은 7개군으로 구분하였다; 대조군, 화상군, 그리고 화상을 입헌 후 SQ를 처치한 군. 대조군을 제외한 모든 군은 등 부위에 2도 화상을 입혔다. SQ를 처치한 모든 군은 하루에 한 번씩 10초 간격으로 순수한 SQ 3방울을 도포하였다. 화상 후 10일 동안 조직학적 및 미세구조적 변화를 광학 현미경과 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 광학현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 화상군의 표피층의 모든 부분은 SQ를 처치한 군보다 더 심한 상처를 입었다. SQ를 처치한 6째와 10일째 군에서, 기저층은 분화가 활발하였고, 가시층의 각화세포는 수적으로 매우 증가하였다. 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, SQ를 처치한 모든 군의 기저층에서 세포분열이 화상군에서보다 더 활발하게 나타났다. 특히, SQ를 처치한 10일군에서는 이상적인 결과를 얻을 수 있었다; 대조군보다 더 두꺼운 가시층과 많은 각화세포, 뚜렷한 세포간교, 그리고 멜라닌세포를 포함하는 튼튼한 기저층. 이와 같은 결과로 보아 SQ은 표피성장인자(EGF)를 활성화시키고, 유해산소의 제거 역할을 하며, 막계에 에너지원을 제공할 가능성이 있다. 이 실험의 결과는 SQ가 화상 치료에 특수한 효과가 있다고 사료된다. The purpose of this experiment was to know the healing effects of saualene on the burned mouses. The experimental groups were divided into seven groups: the control group, the burned groups, and 50 treated groups after burned. All groups except the control group burned with second degree on a dorsoanterior part. All groups that treated with 50 adapted three drops of pure squalene at 10 seconds interval; one time a day. The histological and ultrastructural changes during 10 days after burned were observed by light and electron microscope. Under the light microscope, all parts of epidermal layer of the burned groups were wounded deeper than the 50 treated groups. At 6 and 10 days groups with 50 treated, especially 10 days, the basal layer was greatly differentiated, and the prickle cells in the spinous layer were greatly increased in number. Under the electron microscope, the cell divisions of basal layer in all groups that treated with 50 were more activated and rapidly regenerated than the all burned groups. Especially, some fantastic results obtained from the 10 days group with SQ treated; much thicker spinous layer than the control group, many prickle cells, fine intercellular bridges, and healthy basal layer contained melanocytes. These results suggest that squalene may active the epidermis growth factor (EGF), acts as scavenger, and provide sources of energy in the membrane system. The results of this experiment consider that squalene has specific effects for burn healing and regeneration.

사우디아라비아의 통치기본법에 나타난 종교적 정체성과 세속적 정체성

정상률(Jung, Sang-Ryul),안정국(Ahn, Jung-Kook),박현도(Park, Hyondo),김종도(Kim, Jong-Do) 명지대학교 중동문제연구소 2011 중동문제연구 Vol.10 No.2

Generally speaking, the basic law of government or the constitution manifests political, economic and social and cultural identities of a nation-state and is put on a higher plane than any law in the legal system. Thus, an analysis of it is the first step towards understanding political, economic and social and cultural identities, as well as the aspects of people’s lives, of a nation-state. Religious and secular identities are both in harmony and tension with each other in the basic law of government (or the constitution) of the nation-states in the Middle Eastern Arab-Islamic region. In order to fathom national identities in the basic law of government (or the constitution) in the region, this paper attempts to analyze the Basic Law of Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In so doing, it endeavors to understand how Islamic shar‘ī principles are reflected in the Kingdom’s Basic Law of Government, and how they regulate the people of the Kingdom.

Squalene이 항암제를 투여한 흰쥐의 간에 미치는 효과

김정상,김종세,Kim, Jeong-Sang,Kim, Jong-Se 한국현미경학회 1996 Applied microscopy Vol.26 No.1

This paper aims to probe the effect of SQ in the rat liver which pretreated with CP was examined by transmission electron microscope. In the A group, the difference between the normal and the treated groups were not detected at 24 hours, but the few mitochondria were expanded at the 72 hours. In the B group, the cisternae of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum were partially destructed and attached ribosomes were remarkably decreased at 24 hours. A number of the mitochondria were dilated and increased in number, the filamentous materials also detected at 72 hours. These results suggest that SQ is not only concerned with construction of the membrane of the cell organelles but also decreased the cellular toxicity in the hepatic cells.

Selection of Molecular Biomarkers Relevant to Abnormal Behaviors of Medaka Fish (Oryzias latipes) Caused by Diazinon

Sung-Cheol Koh(고성철),Sung-Woo Shin(신성우),Hyun-Duk Cho(조현덕),Tae-Soo Chon(전태수),Jong-Sang Kim(김정상),Sung-Kyu Lee(이성규) 환경독성보건학회 2009 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.24 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 다이아지논(Diazinon; O, O-diethyl O-[6-methyl-2 (1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl] phosphorothioate)에 노출된 모델 생물체(송사리)의 행동변화와 관련된 분자생물학적 기전 규명을 통하여 비정상적 행동의 모니터링을 위한 생물지표(biomarker)를 개발하는데 있다. 이를 위해 우선 suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) 및 DNA microarray 기법을 활용하여 다양한 유전자를 스크리닝하였다. 다이아지논에 노출시킨 송사리에서 발현의 차이가 나는 상향 조절된 유전자 97개 (알려지지 않은 유전자 27개 포함)와 하향 조절된 유전자 99개 (알려지지 않은 유전자 60개 포함)를 동정 하였고 이들 중 이상행동과 관련되는 것으로 보이는 유전자 10개 (상향조절 5개, 하향조절 5개)를 선발하였다. 이들 중에서 primer 제작이 잘된 beta-1, Orla C3-1, parvalbumin 및 apolipoprotein E을 선발하여 그 유전자 발현을 real-time PCR 기법을 사용하여 정량적으로 모니터링 하였다. Orla C3-1, parvalbumin 및 apolipoprotein E는 고농도의 다이아지논 처리(1000 ppb; 24 h)에서 그 발현이 억제됨이 관찰되었다. 다이아지논 처리 시 신경질환 (알츠하이머 병 및 다운신드롬)에 관련된 apolipoprotein E와 근육세포의 유연화에 작용하는 parvalbumin 등의 발현억제는 송사리의 인지능력 교란 및 근육세포의 경직 등을 각각 유도하여 송사리의 비정상적 행동을 야기하는 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 이들 생물지표는 신경독성물질에 의한 송사리 및 기타 어류의 이상행동의 변화의 감지에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

청년기 지루피부염 환자의 아토피 증상 조직 조사 및 혈중 IgE치와 호산구수 측정

정상립(Sang Lip Chung),김도원(Do Won Kim),이석종(Seok Jong Lee),권순백(Soon Baek Kwon),장재원(Jae Won Chang) 대한피부과학회 1999 대한피부과학회지 Vol.37 No.9

N/A Background : Seborrheic dermatits and atopic dermatitis are clinically different diseases, but symptoms and signs of atopic dermatitis often can be found simultaneously in patients with seborrheic dermatitis. Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate if patients with seborrheic dermatitis have the symptoms and sign of atopic dermatitis at the same time, and to measure the levels of serum IgE and eosinophil counts. Methods : Sevently eight patients with seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp and face, 64 patients with atopic dermatitis and 88 normal subjects were observed clinically by the dermatologist and studide statistically using questionnaires. Levels of total IgE and eosinophil counts were measured by blood sampling in the total number of subjects. Results : Among 20 items of the questionnaire regarding the symptoms and signs of atopic dermatitis, 6 items were more frequent in only the atopic patients than in the normal control, 2 items were more frequent in only the seborrheic dermatitis patients and 8 in both diseases. The mean levels of serum IgE in seborrheic dermatitis patients were lower than in atopic patients, but significantly higher than that of the normal control and 21.3% of those had IgE levels above the normal range. When we classified the seborrheic dermatitis patients according to the combined skin diseases, the mean levels of IgE were highest in the patients with dermatitis and male pattern bladness, but the value was not significant compared to that of the normal control. The mean levels of eosinophil counts in seborrheic dermatitis patients were higher than in the normal control, but it was not significant statistically. Conclusion : According to the results of the study, the patients with seborrheic dermatitis showed a higher incidence of symptoms and signs of atopic dermatitis and higher levels of serum IgE than the normal subjects. Further studies will be needed to elucidate the relationship between seborrheic dermatitis and atopic dermatitis. (Korea J Dermatol 1999;37(9) : 1269∼1275)

항엽산제에 대한 세포의 저항성 기작

김정상(Jong-Sang Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 1994 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.22 No.6

One of the major problems of cancer chemotheraphy is the development of drug resistance in tumors, resulting in reduced responsiveness to subsequent treatments. The folate antagonists are being used to treat such diverse illnesses as cancer, leukemia, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Previous studies have established that resistance to antifolates may occur in mammalian tumor cells by one or more of five mechanisms : (a) an increase in the levels of the target enzyme, generally as a consequence of gene amplification; (b) an alteration in the target enzyme, leading to an enzyme with a decreased binding affinity for the drug; (c) a decrease in the uptake of the drug into the cells; (d) increased extrusion of drugs out of cells; (e) impaired ability to polyglutamylate the parent drug which is capable of being intracellularly metabolized to longer chain length.

정상인에서 두피 모발의 군집 양상과 복합모에 대한 관찰

이석종(Seok Jong Lee),김도원(Do Won Kim),전재복(Jae Bok Jun),정상립(Sang Lip Chung),이국형(Kuk Hyeong Lee) 대한피부과학회 1994 대한피부과학회지 Vol.32 No.6

Beckground : Although one hair usually arises from a single follicular opening in normal healthy subjects, we can see two or more hairs emerging frogin he single opening through close inspection. The latter is called compound hair, describefly Lowenthal in 1946, however, few reports on this have been made since. Histopathologially two or more hairs which have an independaat external root sheath arise from one follicul arl opening like its clinical appearance. We examined the distribution and density of compot no hair in order to define its difference according to anatomical site and aging process. Objectlvs end Method : We counted the number of hairs in the circle(2 cm in diameter) at the frontal, temporal and occipital scalp of 48 healthy adult nae persons composed of 24 young men(22.5+2.0 years old) and 24 old men(64.4+ 12.9 years old), respectively. Results : The summated nurnber of grouped hair, which was mostly regarded at compound hair, was greater in the young group than in old group in the for oreal area, but was smaller in young group than in old group in from the temporal and occnt 1 areas. The proportion of grouped hair to total hair in the older group was lower in the reital area, but higher in the temporal and occipital areas than that of the younger men. The atio of single hair to compound hair was significantly decreased in the temporal and occupral areas(p<0.05, p<0.01) according to aging process, however, no significant change was seen between the frontal area and the sum of the three tested areas. Conclusion : Compound hairs are observed frequently on the occipitalp of normal healthy subjects and are most frequently seen on the occipital scalp in both of the young and old. (Kor J Deimatol 1994; 32(6): 998-1004)