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      • KCI등재

        변성 폴리에틸렌의 제조 및 물성 : 1. 제조 및 수분산 특성

        이재흥,이상헌,Lee, Jae Heung,Lee, Sang-Hun 한국접착및계면학회 2002 접착 및 계면 Vol.3 No.3

        Poly(ethylene-co-methylacrylate)(PEMA)를 KOH, 암모니아 수용액으로 가수분해, ammonolysis 시켜서 측기에 -COOK, $-CONH_2$, -COOH를 갖는 수분산 형태의 변성 폴리에틸렌(m-PE)을 제조하였다. Infrared spectroscopy, 원소 분석 및 atomic absorption 분석 등을 통하여 m-PE 측기의 종류 및 조성비를 조사하였으며 수분산액의 고형분 함량에 따른 점도 및 표면장력을 측정하였다. 제조된 수분산액은 측기의 조성에 따라 안정도, 투명도 등이 변화하였다. 측기 중에서 -COOK가 수분산에 가장 큰 영향을 주었으며 -COOK 조성비가 20 mol% 이상이 되어야 안정한 분산을 얻을 수 있었고 또한 -COOK 조성비가 높을수록 수분산액은 투명하였다. 동일 -COOK 조성비에서는 아마이드의 농도가 높을수록 탁도가 증가하여 친수성이 떨어짐을 알 수 있었다. 분산액의 고형분 함량에 따른 점도를 측정하면 -COOK 조성비가 클 경우 낮은 고형분 함량에서 급격한 점도 증가가 일어나 고분자 사슬사이의 얽힘이 쉽게 일어남을 알 수 있으며 표면장력은 -COOK 조성비가 클 경우 작은 값을 나타내었다. Modified polyethylenes with polar side groups of -COOK, $-CONH_2$, and -COOH were prepared at a dispersion state in water by reacting poly(ethylene-co-methylacrylate) (PEMA) with aqueous solution of KOH and ammonia. Types and their contents of side groups were investigated by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and atomic absorption analysis. Solution viscosity and surface tension were also measured as a function of solid contents. Stability and transparency of the dispersions were greatly affected by the content of COOK in the side groups. The stable dispersion could be prepared at a composition of COOK of 20 mole% at least. The transparency was increased with increasing the COOK contents, but decreased with increasing the amide content at a constant composition of COOK. Solution viscosities increased abruptly at a lower solid content when the COOK contents were increased, implying higher entanglement between the chains in dispersions with higher content of hydrophilic COOK group. The dispersions of higher COOK content revealed lower surface tension values.

      • Y-system으로 관찰한 Bell's palsy에 미치는 수기요법의 영향에 관한 임상적 연구

        이재흥(Jae Heung Lee),안훈모(Hun Mo Ahn),홍승철(Seung Cheol Hong),이은미(Eun Mi Lee) 대한의료기공학회 2015 醫療氣功 Vol.15 No.1

        Objects : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Su-Gi therapy for Bell`s palsy by using Y-system(Yanagihara's unweighted grading system). Methods : We investigated 25 patients with Bell's palsy who had visited in the M, H Korean medicine hospital in Gyeonggi Province from December 27th, 2010 to April 8th, 2015. The Su-Gi therapy was done by 1 times daily. And each patients had been treated more than 25 days. We evaluated the change of them by using Y-system. Results : 1. We investigated 25 patients with Bell's palsy. 80% of the patients were females(20 patients), 20% of the patients were male(5 patients). The average age of patients was 47±15.15. The average period of Adm. treatment was 64% of the patients(16 patients) have left facial palsy, 36% of the patients(9 patients) have right facial palsy. 2. The mean Y-system score before treatment was 17.80±6.2, and the mean score after 25th days treatment was 33.68±4.0. Changes in the mean Y-system Score for each case according to the treatment days was increased significantly. 3. The mean Y-system score after 4th days treatment had increased by an 1.24±2.7 as compared to before treatment, the score after 10th days treatment was 8.7±4.7, the score after 14th days treatment was 11.84±5.8, the score after 20th days treatment is 14.72±6.7, and the score after 25th days treatment was 15.88±6.9. Every score was significantly increased. Conclusions: 1. Su-Gi therapy can be defined that is mainly using the hands to touch or movement of the human body skin, meridians and acupuncture points, muscles, joints and so on. And that is the treatment to communicate and harmonize to the meridians and acupuncture points, and to prevent of diseases, and to keep health. 2. All names of An-Gyo, An-Ma, Jum-Hyul, Chu-Na, massage, and so on should be referred to as Su-Gi therapy. And that individual names are to be classified and separated as the type or method of Su-Gi therapy. 3. The results of the treatment of Hwidam's Su-Gi therapy for Bell's palsy by using Y-system were significant.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재
      • KCI등재

        흰쥐에서의 관상동맥 결찰/재관류도 유도된 심근경색에 대한 칼륨통로 개방제 KR-30450의 약리학적 효과

        이재흥(Jae Heung Lee),권광일(Kwang Il Kwon),신화섭(Hwa Sup Shin) 대한약학회 1997 약학회지 Vol.41 No.1

        The pharmacological effects of benzopyran potassium channel openers (lemakalim, KR-30450 and KR-30818) on the occlusion/reperfusion-induced myocardial infarction were investigated. In anesthetized rats, subjected to 45-min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by 90-min reperfusion, the infarct size was measured by calculating the ratio of infarct zone to area at risk (IZ/AAR) with the Evans blue/TTC technique. Rats were intravenously given vehicle (1% DMSO), lemakalim, KR-30450, and KR-30818 alone or in combination with a selective KATP blacker glibenclamide, 30 min prior to coronary occlusion. Compared to vehicle, lemakalim (30 mcg/kg i.v.), the active enantiomer of cromakalim, had a tendancy to decrease infarct size. KR-30450(30 mcg/kg, i.v.). the newly synthetized potassium channel openers (PCOs), caused a reduction of infarct size (from 70+/-4%to 57+/-5%). but KR-30818 (30mcg/kg, i.v.), a metabolite of KR-30450. did not modify infarct size. It seem ed likely that glibenclamide (0.3mcg/kg, i.v.), given in combination, reduced the effects of these PCOs, especially KR-30450 (30mcg/kg, i.v.) on the infarct size. These results indicate that. in the coronary occluded rat model of ischemia, lemakalim and KR-30450 may exert cardioprotective activity through a reduction of infarct size, the effect being considered related to the opening of KATP channel.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        델파이 기법을 활용한 대학의 기술료 사용제도 개선방안 연구

        이재흥(Jae-Heung Lee),신준우(Jun-Woo Shin) 한국기술혁신학회 2013 기술혁신학회지 Vol.16 No.1

        본 연구는 자체 연구재원 확보 및 연구역량 확충을 위해 기술료의 정부 반납제도 폐지(2008년)에 따라 기술료 사용의 재량권이 확대된 대학의 기술료 사용 현황을 진단하고, 기술료 제도의 의의라 할 수 있는 연구개발 선순환 관점에서 기술료 사용제도 개선방안을 모색해 보고자 각 대학 산학협력단에 근무하는 기술료 징수ㆍ관리 전문가 등을 대상으로 델파이 기법을 활용하여 조사하였다. 참여연구원 보상금 지급기준 미비 및 극히 소수(교수 중심)에 대한 보상금 지급, 연구개발 재투자 소홀, 각 부처기술료 규정 상이 등이 문제점으로 조사되었는데, 이에 대해, ① 과도한 수준의 참여연구원 보상금사용비율 축소, ② 기술이전ㆍ사업화 기여자에 대한 보상금 사용비율 확대 및 보상금 지급에 대한 교수 등 이해관계자들의 인식전환 노력, ③ 연구개발 재투자 규모 확대, ④ 각 부처의 기술료 사용기준 통일 및 대학 자체의 기술료 사용기준(학칙) 구체화, ⑤ 기술료 사용 우선순위 제도화 등 제도적 보완이 필요하다. 본 연구결과 도출된 기술료 사용 문제점 및 개선방안을 토대로 대학의 기술료 사용제도가 대학의 재정확충을 통해 자체 연구역량을 강화할 수 있는 방향으로 정착되기를 기대한다. In this paper, problems with the Korean system regulating the use of university royalties are identified and investigated in order to suggest measures to improve the system in a way that provides a better R&D environment at universities. The Delphi technique was used to gather data from royalty specialists at universities and government ministries. The first Delphi survey conducted used open questions to identify problems in the use of university royalties. Then, closed questions were used for the second Delphi survey. The number of responses and the frequency of answers were analyzed after the first survey, and validity, stability, and reliability analyses were conducted for the second survey. The measures suggested to improve the system regulating the use of university royalties are as follows: First, bonuses for researchers, which are currently 50% or more of collected royalties, need to be decreased, as they are rather high compared to similar bonuses in developed countries, which are around 30% of collected royalties. The guideline for limiting the bonuses, which is explained as XX% or less of collected royalties, is suggested to prevent the excessive use of royalties. Second, rewards for those who contribute to technology transfer and commercialization should be increased. It is also important to build a consensus around the need to reward those who contribute to technology transfer and commercialization. Third, the scale of re-investment into R&D needs to increase. Regulations on royalties should be meaningfully applied to create a positive feedback structure for R&D, which can be described as the process of research, R&D outcomes, technology transfer, collecting royalties, rewarding researchers, and re-investing in R&D. To build a university’s R&D capability, re-investment into R&D needs to be regularized as XX% or more of royalties. Fourth, regulations on the royalties of ministries and universities need to be unified. Each category for using royalties needs to be regularized, with detailed matters such as the guideline, process and method for using royalties specified. Also, universities need to make their own specific regulations. Fifth, specific priorities on the use of royalties need to be suggested. Regulation is necessary for the categories that do not have guideline and priorities for the use of royalties. It is hoped that the findings of this research will contribute to reinforcing the R&D capability of universities.

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