http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Alternative-to-antibiotics strategies to enhance disease resistance against necrotic enteritis
Hyun. S. Lillehoj 한국가금학회 2012 한국가금학회 심포지움 Vol.2012 No.5
Development of antibiotics free alternative strategies to enhance gut immunity and to reduce harmful inflammatory responses due to necrotic enteritis. Hyun Lillehoj. Animal and Natural Resources Institute. United States Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Service. Beltsville, MD. USA. In the United States, necrotic enteritis(NE) is among the most important infectious diseases in poultry. Recently, NE has reemerged as a significant problem as a result of restricted use of in-feed antibiotics, high-density housing conditions, and the reuse of litter. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop rational and alternative management strategies not only to control but also to prevent NE. Better understanding of host-pathogen interaction in NE will be required to realize these goals. Our laboratory recently developed a NE disease model using dual challenge of E.maxima and C.perfringens. Using this NE model, we are currently developing various drug-free alternative strategies to enhance gut immunity and to reduce gut damage caused by NE-induced inflammatory response. This presentation will highlight some of the recent findings from my laboratory.
Lillehoj, Hyun Soon,Jang, Seung Ik,Panebra, Alfredo,Lillehoj, Erik Peter,Dupuis, Laurent,Arous, Juliette Ben,Lee, Seung Kyoo,Oh, Sung Taek Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.10
Objective: The effects of vaccinating 18-day-old chicken embryos with the combination of recombinant Eimeria profilin plus Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) NetB proteins mixed in the Montanide IMS adjuvant on the chicken immune response to necrotic enteritis (NE) were investigated using an Eimeria maxima (E. maxima)/C. perfringens co-infection NE disease model that we previously developed. Methods: Eighteen-day-old broiler embryos were injected with $100{\mu}L$ of phosphate-buffered saline, profilin, profilin plus necrotic enteritis B-like (NetB), profilin plus NetB/Montanide adjuvant (IMS 106), and profilin plus Net-B/Montanide adjuvant (IMS 101). After post-hatch birds were challenged with our NE experimental disease model, body weights, intestinal lesions, serum antibody levels to NetB, and proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA levels in intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes were measured. Results: Chickens in ovo vaccinated with recombinant profilin plus NetB proteins/IMS106 and recombinant profilin plus NetB proteins/IMS101 showed significantly increased body weight gains and reduced gut damages compared with the profilin-only group, respectively. Greater antibody response to NetB toxin were observed in the profilin plus NetB/IMS 106, and profilin plus NetB/IMS 101 groups compared with the other three vaccine/adjuvant groups. Finally, diminished levels of transcripts encoding for proinflammatory cytokines such as lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ factor, tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15, and interleukin-8 were observed in the intestinal lymphocytes of chickens in ovo injected with profilin plus NetB toxin in combination with IMS 106, and profilin plus NetB toxin in combination with IMS 101 compared with profilin protein alone bird. Conclusion: These results suggest that the Montanide IMS adjuvants potentiate host immunity to experimentally-induced avian NE when administered in ovo in conjunction with the profilin and NetB proteins, and may reduce disease pathology by attenuating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines implicated in disease pathogenesis.
Lillehoj Hyun, S. The Korean Society of Poultry Science 2007 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.34 No.1
Poultry products including meat and eggs constitute a major protein source in the American diet and disease-causing pathogens represent major challenges to the poultry industry. More than 95% of pathogens enter the host through the mucosal surfaces of the respiratory, digestive and reproductive tracts and over the past few decades, the two main mechanisms used to control diseases have been the use of vaccines and antibiotics. However, in the poultry industry, there are mounting concerns over the ability of current vaccines to adequately protect against emerging hyper-virulent strains of pathogens and a lack of suitable, cost effective adjuvants. Thorough investigation of the immunogenetic responses involved in host-pathogen interactions will lead to the development of new and effective strategies for improving poultry health, food safety and the economic viability of the US poultry industry. In this paper, I describe the development of immunogenomic and proteomic tools to fundamentally determine and characterize the immunological mechanisms of the avian host to economically significant mucosal pathogens such as Eimeria. Recent completion of poultry genome sequencing and the development of several tissue-specific cDNA libraries in chickens are facilitating the rapid application of functional immunogenomics in the poultry disease research. Furthermore, research involving functional genomics, immunology and bioinformatics is providing novel insights into the processes of disease and immunity to microbial pathogens at mucosal surfaces. In this presentation, a new strategy of global gene expression using avian macrophage (AMM) to characterize the multiple pathways related to the variable immune responses of the host to Eimeria is described. This functional immunogenomics approach will increase current understanding of how mucosal immunity to infectious agents operates, and how it may be enhanced to enable the rational development of new and effective strategies against coccidiosis and other mucosal pathogens.
Lillehoj, Hyun-Soon,Lee, Sung-Hyen,Jang, Seung-Ik,Kim, Duk-Kyung,Lee, Kyung-Woo The Korean Society of Poultry Science 2011 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.38 No.4
As the world population grows and developing countries become more affluent, the global consumption of meat will increase by more than 50% within the next 10 years. Confronting the increased demand for poultry food products are emerging field diseases, increasing regulatory bans of antimicrobial growth promoters, high-density growth conditions, and waste management. Although biotechnology offers solutions to some of these challenges, basic studies are needed to better understand the complex interaction between the intestinal microbiome, host immunity and the environment. This presentation will focus on emerging strategies to enhance gut immunity and to decrease economic losses due to poultry diseases. This presentation will highlight recent developments in coccidiosis research and provide information on host immunity, immunomodulation, and the latest advances in dietary and nutritional approaches against coccidiosis. Such information will magnify our understanding of host-parasite biology, mucosal immunology, and design of future nutritional interventions and vaccination strategies for coccidiosis.
Application of biotechnological tools for coccidia vaccine development
Hyun S.Lillehoj,Wongi Min,Rami A.Dalloul 대한수의학회 2004 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.5 No.4
Coccidiosis is a ubiquitous intestinal protozoan infection of poultry seriously impairing the growth and feed utilization of infected animals. Conventional disease control strategies have relied on prophylactic medication. Due to the continual emergence of drug resistant parasites in the field and increasing incidence of broiler condemnations due to coccidia, novel approaches are urgently needed to reduce economic losses. Understanding the basic biology of hostparasite interactions and protective intestinal immune mechanisms, as well as characterization of host and parasite genes and proteins involved in eliciting protective host responses are crucial for the development of new control strategy. This review will highlight recent developments in coccidiosis research with special emphasis on the utilization of cutting edge techniques in molecular/cell biology, immunology, and functional genomics in coccidia vaccine development. The information will enhance our understanding of host-parasite biology, mucosal immunology, and host and parasite genomics in the development of a practical and effective control strategy against Eimeria and design of nutritional interventions to maximize growth under the stress caused by vaccination or infection. Furthermore, successful identification of quantitative economic traits associated with disease resistance to coccidiosis will provide poultry breeders with a novel selection strategy for development of genetically stable, coccidiosis-resistant chickens, thereby increasing the production efficiency.
Lillehoj, Hyun, S.,Chung, Kyeong S. 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1992 藥學論文集 Vol.8 No.-
Lillehoj, H.S. and Chung, K.S., l992. Postnatal developmemt of T-lymphocyte subpopulations in the intesinal intraepithelium and lamina propria ln chickens. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 31:347-360. Postnatal development of various T-lymphocyte subpopulations expressing CD3, CD8, CD4, and antigen-specific TCR heterodimers αβ(TCR2) or γδ(TCRl) was investigated in two different inbred chicken strains, SC and TK. The ratios of jejunum T-cells expressing TCRl to TCR2 in the intraepithelium of SC and TK strains gradually increased after hatching and were 3.40 and 4.28 by l2 weeks in TK and SC chickens respectively. The ratios of TCRl^+ to TCR2^+-cells in intraepithelium and the lamina propria in SC chickens were 0.96 and l.23 at 8 weeks and 4.29 and 2.15 at 12 weeks, respectively. Jejunum intraepithelial lymphocytes expressing the CD8 antigen increased gradually until 4-6 weeks of age and subsequently declined as chickens aged. CD4^+-cells represented a minor subpopulalion among the intestinal lymphocyte subpopulations. Therefore, the composition of various T-cell subpopulations in the intestine depended upon host age, the regions of the gut examined and host genetic background. These results suggest that changes in T-cell subpopulations in the intestine may reflect age-related maturation of the gut-associated lymphoid tissues.