증포 천마 발효물의 항산화 활성 및 성분변화

도은수 ( Eun Soo Doh ),유지현 ( Ji Hyun Yoo ),길기정 ( Ki Jung Kil ) 대한본초학회 2015 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

Objectives : The objective of this study is to evaluate antioxidant activity and the main component content change of steaming-drying fermented Gastrodiae rhizoma extract. Methods : The antioxidant activities were determined for total polyphenol, flavonoid contents, SOD-like activity, electron donating activity, nitrite scavenging ability and major functional components(gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol content) were also measured. Results : The polyphenol content of fermented Gastrodiae rhizoma by S. cerevisiae were higher than those of fermented Gastrodiae rhizoma by A. oryzae, and when the fermentation period is extended. SOD like activity of fermented Gastrodiae rhizoma showed to be increased by fermentation with S. cerevisiae than fermentation by A. oryzae. Electron donating activity of fermented Gastrodiae rhizoma were increased at almost parallel level as vitamin C, by fermentation. Notably, fermentation by A. oryzae was moderately better than fermentation by S. cerevisiae. Flavonoid content of Gastrodiae rhizoma showed to increasing by fermentation, particularly fermentation by S. cerevisiae was proven to be more effective than by A. oryzae. The more steaming-drying or increased period of fermentation would be resulted in more gastrodin contents but under the same conditions, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol content of fermentation by A. oryzae in case of steaming and drying 1 time and 3 time was higher than control. Conclusions : These results has strongly hint the possible applicability of fermentation might be effective to improve the diverse biological activities of Gastrodiae rhizoma and may further supports to develop a functional food materials.

오배자 발효추출물의 항세균활성

도은수 ( Eun Soo Doh ),유지현 ( Ji Hyun Yoo ) 대한본초학회 2014 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

This experimental study was performed in order to investigate the antibacterial effect of bio-fermented Galla Rhois extract. Methods : The Galla Rhois extract was fermented by Streptococcus thermophilus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and their products was tested for antibacterial activity against six pathogenic microorganisms namely, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium by paper disc diffusion method. Results : The Galla Rhois fermented extract by Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed more effective antibacterial activity than not fermented extract against Bacillus subtilis and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Antibacterial activity of fermented extract using especially Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was proved that it was good with even 2 percents concentration. Antibacterial activity of Galla Rhois extract within pH 3 to pH 7 had been safe regardless of pH but low over pH 9.The growth of Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus had a tendency to decrease depend on the increasing concentration of the extract. EtOEt, EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions of the Galla Rhois extract had a high level of antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, respectively. Surprisingly, EtOAc fractions of the Galla Rhois extract showed higher antibacterial activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus alone. And antibacterial activity against six pathogenic microorganisms had a tendency to increase depend on the increasing concentration of the fractions of the Galla Rhois extract. Conclusions : Bio-fermented Galla Rhois extract, efficiently inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

한약재 추출액의 S. aureus KCCM12256과 V. parahaemolyticus KCCM11965에 대한 항균 활성

도은수(Eun-Soo Doh) 동아시아식생활학회 2010 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.20 No.6

S. cerevisiae를 이용한 발효 산마늘의 항당뇨활성

도은수(Doh Eun Soo),장준복(Chang Jun Pok),길기정(Kil Gi Jung ),정윤혜(Jeong Yun Hae),이건희(Lee Kun Hee),강기현(Kang Ki Hyun),지윤선(Ji Yoon Sun),김보람(Kim Bo Ram),김화랑(Kim Hwa Rang) 한국약용작물학회 2012 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.2

우리나라 산마늘 개체군 자생지의 식물상

김혜진 ( Hye Jin Kim ),도은수 ( Eun Soo Doh ),장준복 ( Jun Pok Chang ),최명석 ( Myung Suk Choi ),양재경 ( Jae Kyung Yang ),조현제 ( Hyun Je Cho ),배관호 ( Kwan Ho Bae ),신학섭 ( Hak Sub Shin ),박희권 ( Hee Kwon Park ),이서희 ( Seo 한국환경생태학회 2011 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.25 No.3

본 연구는 산마늘 개체군 자생지의 소산 식물상을 밝히기 위하여, 2009년 3월부터 2010년 6월까지 총 4차례의 현지조사를 통하여 조사한 결과, 관속식물은 3문 2강 32목 64과 142속 181종 2아종 30변종 1품종으로 총 214분류군(taxa)으로 파악되었다. 특정식물종 중 I등급 식물이 15과 16속 15종 2변종 17분류군, Ⅱ등급 식물이 13과 15속 14종 2변종 16분류군, Ⅲ등급 식물이 16과 19속 18종 2변종 20분류군, Ⅳ등급 식물이 20과 23속 19종 4변종 23분류군, Ⅴ등급 식물이 2과 2속 2종 2분류군으로 총 78분류군이었다. 희귀식물은 9과 11속 10종 2변종 12분류군이었으며, 특산식물은 17과 19속 18종 3변종의 21분류군으로 조사되었다. 조사지역 내 멸종위기식물은 출현하지 않았고, 귀화식물과 생태계교란식물이 나타나지 않은 것으로 보아 생태계가 안정되고, 생태적 위해성의 우려는 없는 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 산마늘 개체군 자생지에는 개다래, 층층나무, 만병초, 마가목 등 계곡성 및 고산성식물종이 주를 이루는 생육환경을 나타내고 있었다. This study was conducted to investigate the flora of habitats distributed with Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum populations in the South Korea. The vascular plants were surveyed 4 times from March 2009 to June 2010. The flora of studied area was listed as 214 taxa; 64 families, 142 genus, 181 species, 2 subspecies, 30 varieties, 1 forma. According to the specific plant species by classes, class Ⅰ has 17 taxa; 15 families, 16 genus, 15 species, 2 varieties. Class Ⅱ has 16 taxa; 13 families, 16 genus, 15 species, 2 varieties. Class Ⅲ has 20 taxa; 16 families, 19 genus, 18 species, 2 varieties. Class Ⅲ has 20 taxa; 16 families, 19 genus, 18 species, 2 varieties. Class Ⅳ has 23 taxa; 20 families, 23 genus, 19 species, 4 varieties. Class Ⅴ has 2 taxa; 2 families, 2 genus, 2 species. Rare plant was 12 taxa; 9 families, 11 genus, 10 species, 2 varieties. Endemic plant was 21 taxa; 17 families, 19 genus, 18 species, 3 varieties. Endangered plant was not present in study area. It was considered that the ecosystem was probably stabilized for nothing of naturalized species and ecosystem disturbance species there. The characteristics of growth environments in the habitats with Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum were considered to be related to valley species and subalpine species such as Actinidia polygama, Cornus controversa, Rhododendron brachycarpum and Sorbus commixta.

지유 발효추출물의 항세균 및 항산화 활성

길기정 ( Ki-jung Kil ),도은수 ( Eun-soo Doh ),장준복 ( Jun-pok Chang ),이승현 ( Seung-hyun Lee ),유지현 ( Ji-hyun Yoo ) 대한본초학회 2015 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives: The objective of this research was to investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of bio-fermented Sanguisorbae Radix extract. Methods: The Sanguisorbae Radix extract was fermented by Streptococcus thermophilus, and their products was tested for antibacterial activity against pathogenic microorganisms namely, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Salmonella typhimurium by paper disc diffusion method and the antioxidant activities of extract was evaluated by five different assays as electron donating ability(EDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity, polyphenol, flavonoid contents and nitrite scavenging ability. Results: The bio-fermented Sanguisorbae Radix extract was safe from heat. Antibacterial activity of fermented Sanguisorbae Radix extract appeared relatively highly against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus and didn``t show any difference. EDA in comparison to Vitamin C showed over 90% activity at about the same time of Sanguisorbae Radix extract expressed highly. SOD activity showed 15% in fermentation before and after. The nitrite scavenging ability of Sanguisorbae Radix extract before and after fermentation showed higher numerical value over 70% in pH 2.5 than that of butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT). But SOD activity, EDA and nitrite scavenging ability were not different between the Sanguisorbae Radix extract before and after fermentation. Total polyphenol content expressed over about 20 mg/g, and that of the Sanguisorbae Radix extracts was increased than that of the fermented Sanguisorbae Radix extracts. Conclusions: The results suggest the usefulness of developing functional materials using antioxidant active Sanguisorbae Radix extract was fermented by Salmonella typhimurium with high polyphenol contents and nitrite scavenging ability.

마가목 줄기 열수 및 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 활성

유지현 ( Ji-hyun Yoo ),도은수 ( Eun-soo Doh ),장준복 ( Jun-pok Chang ),길기정 ( Ki-jung Kil ) 대한본초학회 2017 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

Objectives : In order to investigate the possibility of Sorbus commixta Heal. stem (SC) as a natural material, antioxidant activities of the hot water and ethanol extracts were examined. Methods : The samples of SC were pulverized, and fractions were extracted repeatedly three times from hot water and 70% ethanol at room temperature for 2 hours. The antioxidant activities were analyzed from total polyphenol, flavonoid contents, DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical, Fe2⁺ chelating, and nitrite scavenging activity. Results : Total polyphenol contents were significantly higher in ethanol extract group (504.39 ㎍/㎎) than in hot water extract group (364.64 ㎍/㎎). Total flavonoid contents were also significantly higher in ethanol extract group (160.09 ㎍/㎎) than in hot water extract group (124.59 ㎍/㎎). DPPH, ABTS, Fe2⁺chelating were slightly higher in ethanol extract gorups than in hot water extract groups, and increased in a dose-dependent manner. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (18.42~23.61%) of ethanol extract groups were shown to be approximately twice higher than that (7.63~10.37%) of hot water extract groups at 12.5~50 ㎍/㎖ concentration. Nitrite scavenging activities of both ethanol and hot-water extract groups were shown to be higher in a dose dependent manner at the concentration of 12.5~50 ㎍/㎖ at pH 3.0 than at pH 1.2, and ethanol extract groups (86.55~96.64%) had higher activity than the hot water extract groups (42.59~92.63%), which was higher than that of the control group antioxidant BHT (72.96~80.11%). Conclusions : The extracts of SC displayed antioxidant activities which suggested a natural material can be developed to functional material.

산마늘 추출물의 항산화활성

장준복 ( Jun Pok Chang ),도은수 ( Eun Soo Doh ),길기정 ( Ki Jung Kil ),양재경 ( Jae Kyung Yang ),윤충원 ( Chung Weon Yun ),이건희 ( Gun Hee Lee ),정윤혜 ( Yun Hae Jung ),지윤선 ( Yoon Sun Ji ),김보람 ( Bo Ram Kim ),최명석 ( Myung 한국임학회 2011 한국산림과학회지 Vol.100 No.3

울릉도 자연산 및 강릉산 재배 산마늘(Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum)의 물 추출물과 70% 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 활성을 조사하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 강릉산보다 울릉도산에서, 인경보다 잎에서 높게 나타났으며, 강릉산 잎의 70% 에탄올 추출물에서 52.57 mg/g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 플라보노이드 함량은 잎의 에탄올 추출물에서 유의성 있게 높게 나타났으며, 인경에서는 산지별, 추출용제별 차이가 없었다. 울릉도산 잎의 70% 에탄올 추출물에서 73.30 mg/g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 전자공여능은 울릉도산은 70% 에탄올 추출물에서, 강릉산은 물 추출물에서 높았고, 인경보다 잎에서 높게 나타났다. 울릉도산 잎의 알코올 추출물에서 55.13%로 가장 높게 나타났다. SOD 유사활성은 강릉산보다 울릉도산에서 높게 나타났고, 울릉도산 잎의 에탄올 추출물이 92.00%로 가장 높게 나타났다. Hydroxy radical 소거활성은 잎의 에탄올 추출물에서, 인경보다는 잎에서, 울릉도산 보다는 강릉산 잎에서 높게 나타났다. 강릉산 잎의 70% 에탄올 추출물에서 58.85%로 가장 높았다. 지질과산화 억제활성은 울릉도산과 강릉산 모두 잎과 에탄올 추출물에서 높게 나타났고, 울릉도산 잎의 70% 에탄올 추출물에서 73.33%로 가장 높았다. 본 연구 결과로 산마늘 추출물은 항산화 관련 건강기능성 식품 등으로 널리 응용될 수 있을 것이다. Leaf and bulb of wild garlic (Allium victorials var. platyphyllum) from Ulleung Island and Gangneung region were extracted with water and 70% ethanol and investigated on its antioxidative activity. Total polyphenol content of Ulleung island wild garlic was higher than that of Gangneung region. Total polyphenol content in bulb was high compared to content of the leaves, and 70% ethanol extract of Ulleung Island leaf was high in 72.50 mg/g. Flavonoid content in leaf was higher than that of bulb, 70% ethanol extract of Ulleung Island leaf was high in 73.30 mg/g. Electron donating activity of 70% ethanol extract from Ulleung island and water extracts (55.13%) from Gangneung were higher than those of other extracts. Bulb extracts on electron donating activity were higher than those of the leaf extracts. SOD like activity of extracts was high in 70% ethanol extract of wild gallic leaf cultivated at Gangneung. Hydroxy radical scavenging activity of wild gallic was high in leaf extracts compared to activity of bulb extracts. Hydroxy radical scavenging activity (58.85%) of Ulleung island wild gallic leaf extracts was higher than that of the wild gallic leaves of Gangneung. Lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity was both high in water and 70% ethanol leaf extracts of Ulleung island and Gangneung region, especially, 70% ethanol extract of leaves from Ulleung island was the highest 73.33%. These results suggest that extracts from wild garlic could be used as an antioxidative functional food source.

Growth and Physiological Adaptations of Tomato Plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) in Response to Water Scarcity in Soil

Hwang Seungmi(황승미),Kwon Taekryun(권택륜),Doh Eun-Soo(도은수),Park Mehea(박미희) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2010 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.19 No.4

본 연구는 토마토의 토양 수분결핍조건에서의 생장과 생리적인 반응을 근본적으로 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. 토양에 두가지 수분조건, 심한 수분결핍(-100㎪)과, 대조구인 약한 수분결핍 처리 (-25㎪)는 실시간 토양수분함량을 모니터링을 할 수 있는 토양센서와 관수 모듈을 갖춘 micro-irrigation 시스템을 고안, 온실에서 유지되었다. 토양수분함량은 30일동안 변동되었으며, -25㎪로 맞춰진 처리구는 평균 -47㎪, -100㎪ 처리구는 평균 -119㎪로 차이를 나타냈다. 이 두 가지 다른 토양수분상태에서 자란 식물체 사이의 생육을 비교해 본 결과 수분결핍상태(-100㎪)에서 자란 식물체가 대조구인 약한 수분결핍(-25㎪) 처리구에 비해 절간수의 차이없이 신장이 유의하게 감소하였으며 건물중의 축적은 더 높게 나타났다. 또한 건물중 당 엽면적의 차이 없이, 엽면적과 엽건중이 수분 결핍이 약한 처리구에 비해 수분결핍이 심한 처리구가 더 높게 나타났다. 이러한 생육상의 차이는 심한 수분스트레스가 엽두께의 변화없이 생체중의 증가와 엽면적 확보를 통해 토마토의 수분스트레스에 적응을 야기시킬 수 있음을 제시했다. 수분결핍에 따른 토마토 생육기간동안, 생리적변화를 조사한 결과, -100㎪ 처리구에서 자란 토마토가 대조구인 -25㎪ 처리구에 비해 엽의 상대수분함량의 증가와 잎의 삼투압이 낮게 나타났다. 이는 수분스트레스아래서 토마토의 더 나은 수분상태를 유지하기 위한 생리적인 적응을 설명해준다. 아울러 심한 수분스트레스는 대조구에 비해 PSII 활성과 수분활용도를 증가되었으며, 낮은 기공저항도를 나타내었다. 처리간의 광합성의 차이는 없었으며, 토마토 과실의 수와 생육량의 차이는 없었다. 이러한 결괴는 토마토 ‘Picco’가 엽형태의 변형과 삼투압, 수분활용도와 PSII의 활성을 통해 수분결핍상태에서 적응할 수 있게 만들 능력을 보여준다. 본 연구결과에서 나타난 토마토의 수분스트레스 적응 메커니즘은 토마토의 가뭄저항성 스크린에 있어서 고려되어져야 할 것으로 보인다. This study aim to investigate fundamentally the growth and physiological responses of tomato plants in responses to two different levels of water deficit, a weak drought stress (-25 ㎪) and a severe drought stress (-100 ㎪) in soil. The two levels of water deficit were maintained using a micro-irrigation system consisted of soil sensors for the real-time monitoring of soil water content and irrigation modules in a greenhouse experiment. Soil water contents were fluctuated throughout the 30 days treatment period but differed between the two treatments with the average -47 ㎪ in -25 ㎪ set treatment and the -119 ㎪ in -100 ㎪ set treatment. There were significant differences in plant height between the two different soil water statuses in plant height without differences of the number of nodes. The plants grown in the severe water-deficit treatment had greater accumulation of biomass than the plants in the weak water-deficit treatment. The severe water-deficit treatment (-119 ㎪) also induced greater leaf area and leaf dry weight of the plants than the weak water-deficit treatment did, even though there was no difference in leaf area per unit dry weight. These results of growth parameters tested in this study indicate that the severe drought could cause an adaptation of tomato plants to the drought stress with the enhancement of biomass and leaf expansion without changes of leaf thickness. Greater relative water content of leaves and lower osmotic potential of sap expressed from turgid leaves were recorded in the severe water deficit treatment than in the weak water deficit treatment. This finding also postulated physiological adaptation to be better water status under drought stress. The drought imposition affected significantly on photosynthesis, water use efficiency and stomatal conductance of tomato plants. The severe water-deficit treatment increased PSII activities and water use efficiency, but decreased stomatal conductance than the weak water-deficit treatment. However, there were no differences between the two treatments in total photosynthetic capacity. Finally, there were no differences in the number and biomass of fruits. These results suggested that tomato plants have an ability to make adaptation to water deficit conditions through changes in leaf morphology, osmotic potentials, and water use efficiency as well as psn activity. These adaptation responses should be considered in the screening of drought tolerance of tomato plants.

추출용매에 따른 다릅나무 수피 추출물의 항산화 활성

김경선 ( Gyeong-sun Kim ),장준복 ( Jun-pok Chang ),도은수 ( Eun-soo Doh ),길기정 ( Ki-jung Kil ),유지현 ( Ji-hyun Yoo ) 대한본초학회 2016 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.31 No.3

Objectives : The objective of this research was to investigate the antioxidant activities of stem bark of Maackia amurensis extract. Methods : Stem bark of Maackia amurensis extract were prepared using 70% methanol. Methanol extracts were fractionated to hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol, water fractions and investigated. The antioxidant activities of fractions was evaluated by four different assays as total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents, DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free-radical scavenging activity and ABTS(2,2``-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) scavenging ability. Results : The yield of methanolic extracts from stem bark of Maackia amurensis was 10.16%, whereas those of its solvent fractions (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol, and water) were 5.45, 11.39, 13.88, 26.07, and 40.80%, respectively. The total polyphenol contents and electron donating ability of 70% methanol extracts from stem bark of Maackia amurensis were 15.44 mg/g and 194.15 μg/mL of its IC50, respectively. The 70% methanol extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity. The total polyphenol content and total flavonoid content of chloroform fractions were higher in each of 201.98 mg/g and 13.55 mg/g. The chloroform fraction showed the lowest levels of DPPH(IC50, 183.95 μg/mL) and ABTS scavenging activity(IC50, 10.0 μg/mL). The antioxidant activity was detected in methanol extract, chloroform fractions. Conclusions : These results indicate that 70% methanol extract and its fractions of stem bark of Maackia amurensis, especially chloroform fraction, have the properties of anti-oxidant suggesting stem bark of Maackia amurensis may be a candidate for natural and functional materials.