고온가스로용 핵연료 중간화합물 제조에 대한 연구

김연구,서동수,정경채,오승철,조문성,Kim, Yeon-Ku,Suhr, Dong-Soo,Jeong, Kyung-Chai,Oh, Seung-Chul,Cho, Moon-Sung 한국세라믹학회 2008 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.45 No.11

In this study the preparation method of the spherical ADU droplets, intermediate compound of a HTGR nuclear fuel, was detailed-reviewed and then, the characteristics on an ageing and a washing steps among the wet process and the thermal treatment process on the died-ADU${\rightarrow}UO_3$ conversion with the high temperature furnaces were studied. The key parameters for spherical droplets forming are a precise control of feed rate and a suitable viscosity value selection of a broth solution. Also, a harmony of vibrating frequency and amplitude of a vibration dropping system are important factor. In our case, an uranium concentration is $0.5{\sim}0.7mol/l$, viscosity is $50{\sim}80$ centi-Poise, vibration frequency is about 100Hz. In thermal treatment for no crack spherical $UO_3$ particle, the heating rate in the calcination must be operated below $2^{\circ}C$/min, in air atmosphere.

황산제일철 용액의 오존 처리에 의한 산화철 합성

김삼중,서동수,엄태형,송경섭,노재승,Kim Sam-Joong,Suhr Dong-Soo,Eom Tae-Hyoung,Song Kyung-Sub,Roh Jea-Seung 한국재료학회 2004 한국재료학회지 Vol.14 No.5

The influences of the ozone oxidation, reaction temperature and NaOH equivalent ratio on the iron oxide formation were studied with fixed ferrous sulfate concentration(0.5M $FeSO_4$ㆍ$7H_2$O). Geothite($\alpha$-FeOOH) and/or Magnetite ($Fe_3$$O_4$) were synthesized depending on the reaction conditions. The characteristics of the synthesized powders were evaluated by XRD, SEM and quantitative phase analysis. The synthetic conditions to get Goethite were quite different from the results of Kiyama's and the Goethite was conveniently synthesized at low temperature and at low NaOH equivalent ratio.

기계적 합금화법으로 제조된 과포정 Al-Ti합금에서 Al3Ti 형성에 관한 연구

김혜성,서동수,김긍호,금동화 ( Hye Sung Kim,Dong Soo Suhr,Gyeung Ho Kim,Dong Wha Kum ) 한국열처리공학회 1996 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.9 No.1

Mechanical alloying is an effective process to finely distribute inert dispersoids in an Al-TM(TM is a transition metal) system. It has been considered that high melting point aluminides are formed by precipitation from supersaturated Al(Ti) powder. This analysis is based on the fact that much higher content of TM than the solubioity can be dissolved in alpha aluminum during the high energy ball milling. Thus, decomposition behavior of Ti in the Al(Ti) was considered very important. But it is confirmed that the higher portion of Ti than Al(Ti) solid solution is existed as nano-sized Ti particles in the MA powders by high energy ball nilling from the XRD spectrum and TEM analysis in this study. Therefore, the role of undissolved TM particles affect the formation of aluminides should be suitably considered. In this study, we present experimental observation on the formation of Al₃Ti fron mechanical alloyed Al-Ti alloys in the hyperperitectic region. This study showed that, in the mechanically alloyed Al-20wt%Ti specimen, intermediate phase of cubic Al₃Ti and tetragonal Al_(24)Ti_8 formed at 300∼400℃ and 400∼500℃, respectively, before the MA state reaches to equilibrium at higher temperatures. The formation behavior of Ll₂-Al₃Ti is interpreted by interdiffusion of A1 and Ti in solid state based on the fact that large amount of nano-sized Ti particles exist in the milled powder. Present analysis indicated undissolved Ti particles of nanosize should have played an important role initiation the formation of Al₃Ti phase during annealing.

플라즈마 용사된 $ZrO_{2}$-단열 코팅층의 특성 및 열처리에 따른 접합강도변화

김병희,서동수,Kim, Byoung-Hee,Suhr, Dong-Soo 한국재료학회 1998 한국재료학회지 Vol.8 No.6

플라즈마 용사법을이용하여 AISI 316 스테인레스 금속모재에 0.1mm 두께의 $NiCrAlCoY_{2}O_{3}$금속 결합층과 0.3mm 두께의 $ZrO_{2}(8wt%Y_{2}O_3$) 세라믹층으로 구성된 이층 단열코팅층을 제조하였다. 코팅층의 미세조직, 금속결합층의 산화를 고찰하였으며, $900^{\circ}C$에서 등은 시험과 열반복시험 후, 접합강도시험을 통하여 코팅층의 단사정 상은 열처리시간이 길어질수록 약간 증가하였다. 또한 비변태성 t'의 c/a는 용사상태에서 1.0099이였으며, 100시간 열처리 후에는 1.0115로 약간 증가하였다. 그리고 용사층의 접합강도는 열처리 시간이 길어질수록 감소하였다. 등온열처리 후에는 1.0115로 약간 증가하였다. 그리고 용사층 의 접합강도는 열처리 시간이 길어질수록 감소하였다. 등온열처리 후, 파괴는 주로 세라믹층에서 일어났으며, 반복 열처리되 시편에서는 10회 이후 대부분 금속결합층/세라믹층의 계면에서 일어났다. In this study, two-layer thermal barrier coatings composed of plasma sprayed 0.3mm $ZrO_2(8wt% Y_2o_3)$ ceramic coating layer and O.lmm $NiCrAlCoY_20_3$ bond coating layer on AISI 316 were investigated microstructure of the coating, oxidation of the metallic bond coating and adhesive strength to evaluate the durability of coating layer after cyclic and isothermal test at 90$0^{\circ}C$. And quantitative phase analysis of $ZrO_2(8wt% Y_2o_3)$ ceramic coating was performed as a function of thermal exposure time using XRD technique. The results showed that the amount of m - 2rO, phase in the coating was slightly increased with increasing thermal exposure time at 90$0^{\circ}C$. The c/a ratio of t' - $ZrO_2$ in the as-sprayed coating was 1.0099 and slightly increased to 1.0115 after 100 hours heat treatment. It was believed that $Y_2O_3$ in high yttria tetragonaJ(t') was transformed to low yttria tetragonaJ(t) by $Y_2O_3$ diffusion with increasing thermal exposure time. The adhesive strength was gradually decreased as thermal exposure time increased. After the isothermal test, the failure predominantly occured in ceramic coating layer. On the other hand. the specimens after cyclic thermal test were mostly failed at bond coating/ceramic coating interface. The failure was oeeured by decreasing the bond strength between bond coating and oxide scale which were formed by oxidation of the metallic elements within bond coating and by thermal stress due to thermal expansion mismatches between the oxide scale and ceramic coating.

연구논문 - 무기 / 촉매 : 충전제용 수산화알루미늄의 제조 - 종이와 그 부가방법에 따른 수산화알루미늄 석출거동 -

김효중,서태수,서동수 ( Hyo Joong Kim,Tae Soo Suh,Dong Soo Suhr ) 한국공업화학회 1996 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1994 No.1

수화된 규산소다의 열처리 온도에 따른 물성변화

공양표,조호연,서동수,Kong, Yang-Pyo,Cho, Ho-Yeon,Suhr, Dong-Soo 한국세라믹학회 2008 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.45 No.3

In order to fabricate porous ceramics, hydrated sodium silicate was synthesized by hydrothermal reaction using anhydrous sodium silicate. The microstructural and the structural characteristics of the expanded ceramics were observed depending on heat treatment temperature (550, 600, 650, $700^{\circ}C$) and then the effect of these characteristics on the compressive strength and the temperature gradient was investigated. As the heat treatment temperature was increased, the compressive strength was decreased from $0.717KN/cm^2\;(550^{\circ}C)\;to\;0.166KN/cm^2\;(700^{\circ}C)$. The temperature gradient was increased with increasing the experimental temperature regardless of the heat treatment temperature. The temperature gradient of the expanded ceramics which was heat treated at $650^{\circ}C\;was\;300^{\circ}C$. The bulk specific gravity, porosity, pore size, pore characteristics and wall thickness were varied depending on heat treatment temperature, and the compressive strength and the temperature gradient were governed by the complex effects of these factors.

수화된 규산소다의 팽창 특성

공양표,조호연,서동수,Kong, Yang-Pyo,Cho, Ho-Yeon,Suhr, Dong-Soo 한국세라믹학회 2008 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.45 No.1

Hydrated sodium silicate with 25 wt% water contents was synthesized by hydrothermal reaction using anhydrous sodium silicate. The hydrated sodium silicate was expanded at $370^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. and then pulverized, classified (- 200 mesh) and press-formed. The samples were heat treated at $400{\sim}900^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. in order to study the expansion characteristics depending on heat treatment temperature. A porous body with closed pore was formed above $600^{\circ}C$. The volume expansion ratio and the pore size were increased and the specific gravity was decreased with increasing heat treatment temperature. However, the volume expansion ratio was decreased and the specific gravity was increased above $850^{\circ}C$ due to the softening of the sodium silicate.

고온가스로용 핵연료 제조에서 열처리 조건이 우라늄산화물 입자 특성에 미치는 영향

김연구,정경채,오승철,서동수,조문성,Kim, Yeon-Ku,Jeong, Kyung-Chai,Oh, Seung-Chul,Suhr, Dong-Soo,Cho, Moon-Sung 한국분말야금학회 2009 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.16 No.2

The effects of thermal treatment conditions on ADU (ammonium diuranate) prepared by SOL-GEL method, so-called GSP (Gel supported precipitation) process, were investigated for $UO_2$ kernel preparation. In this study, ADU compound particles were calcined to $UO_3$ particles in air and Ar atmospheres, and these $UO_3$ particles were reduced and sintered in 4%-$H_2$/Ar. During the thermal calcining treatment in air, ADU compound was slightly decomposed, and then converted to $UO_3$ phases at $500^{\circ}C$. At $600^{\circ}C$, the $U_3O_8$ phase appeared together with $UO_3$. After sintering of theses particles, the uranium oxide phases were reduced to a stoichiometric $UO_2$. As a result of the calcining treatment in Ar, more reduced-form of uranium oxide was observed than that treated in air atmosphere by XRD analysis. The final phases of these particles were estimated as a mixture of $U_3O_7$ and $U_4O_9$.

Sol-gel 공정을 이용한 UO₂ kernel 제조에서 공정변수가 입자특성에 미치는 영향

김연구,정경채,오승철,서동수,조문성,Kim, Yeon-Ku,Jeong, Kyung-Chai,Oh, Seung-Chul,Suhr, Dong-Soo,Cho, Moon-Sung 한국분말야금학회 2009 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.16 No.4

In this study, we investigated the unit process parameters in spherical $UO_2$ kernel preparation. Nearly perfect spherical $UO_3$ microspheres were obtained from the 0.6M of U-concentration in the broth solution, and the microstructure of the $UO_2$ kernel appeared the good results in the calcining, reducing, and sintering processes. For good sphericity, high density, suitable microstructure, and no-crack final $UO_2$ microspheres, the temperature control range in calcination process was $300{\sim}450^{\circ}C$, and the microstructure, the pore structure, and the density of $UO_2$ kernel could be controlled in this temperature range. Also, the concentration changes of the ageing solution in aging step were not effective factor in the gelation of the liquid droplets, but the temperature change of the ageing solution was very sensitive for the final ADU gel particles.

FeC₂O₄·2H₂O의 열처리 조건이 Fe₃O_4-_δ 형성에 미치는 영향

오경환,박원식,이상인,서동수,Oh, Kyoung-Hwan,Park, Won-Shik,Rhee, Sang-In,Suhr, Dong-Soo 한국재료학회 2012 한국재료학회지 Vol.22 No.11

A general synthetic method to make $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ (activated magnetite) is the reduction of $Fe_3O_4$ by $H_2$ atmosphere. However, this process has an explosion risk. Therefore, we studied the process of synthesis of $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ depending on heat-treatment conditions using $FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ in Ar atmosphere. The thermal decomposition characteristics of $FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ and the ${\delta}$-value of $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ were analyzed with TG/DTA in Ar atmosphere. ${\beta}-FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ was synthesized by precipitation method using $FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ and $(NH_4)_2C_2O_4{\cdot}H_2O$. The concentration of the solution was 0.1 M and the equivalent ratio was 1.0. ${\beta}-FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ was decomposed to $H_2O$ and $FeC_2O$4 from $150^{\circ}C$ to $200^{\circ}C$. $FeC_2O4$ was decomposed to CO, $CO_2$, and $Fe_3O_4$ from $200^{\circ}C$ to $250^{\circ}C$. Single phase $Fe_3O_4$ was formed by the decomposition of ${\beta}-FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ in Ar atmosphere. However, $Fe_3C$, Fe and $Fe_4N$ were formed as minor phases when ${\beta}-FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ was decomposed in $N_2$ atmosphere. Then, $Fe_3O_4$ was reduced to $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ by decomposion of CO. The reduction of $Fe_3O_4$ to $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ progressed from $320^{\circ}C$ to $400^{\circ}C$; the reaction was exothermic. The degree of exothermal reaction was varied with heat treatment temperature, heating rate, Ar flow rate, and holding time. The ${\delta}$-value of $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ was greatly influenced by the heat treatment temperature and the heating rate. However, Ar flow rate and holding time had a minor effect on ${\delta}$-value.