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거상 김만덕(金萬德)의 경영특성에 관한 연구 : Bass의 변혁적 리더십 이론을 중심으로
이창권(Chang Gwon Lee),이승아(Seunga Lee) 동국대학교 경영연구원 2021 경영과 사례연구 Vol.43 No.2
제주의 김만덕은 유교사상이 엄격한 신분제 사회에서 여성으로서의 모든 역경과 시련을 극복하고 거상으로 성공한 여성 경영인이다. 그는 상도덕을 실천하고, 전 재산을 제주지역사회에 기부하는 자기희생의 나눔과 베풂을 실천한 경영인이었다. 김만덕의 경영특성을 Bass(1990)의 변혁적 리더십 관점에서 재조명하고, 그 당시의 시대적 상황에서 경쟁력을 갖춘 만덕의 경영특성을 찾는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 그리고 만덕의 생애와 경영특성을 분석하여 시사점을 도출하였다. 다만, 현실적 측면에서 만덕의 리더십 가치를 재평가하였지만, 제한된 관찬사료와 고문헌에 의존하여 역사적 인물의 리더십을 평가하였기 때문에 연구자의 관점에 따라 차이가 있음을 유념할 필요가 있다. Man deok Kim of Jeju is a female manager who has overcome all hardships and trials as a woman in a hierarchical society with strict Confucian ideology, and accumulated enormous wealth through the distribution business. She was a manager who practiced business morality and a leader who practiced sharing and donating all her property to the Jeju community. The purpose of this study is to re-examine Mandeok Kim s management characteristics from the perspective of Bass (1990) s transformational leadership, and to find the management characteristics of Mandeok with competitiveness in the situation of the times. And by analyzing the life and management characteristics of Mandeok, implications were drawn. However, it should be noted that although Mandeok s leadership value was re-evaluated from the practical point of view, it is important to note that there are differences according to the viewpoints of researchers because the leadership of historical figures was evaluated based on limited official records and old literature.
The Mediating Effects of Team Efficacy between Shared Leadership and Performance
Hyang-Jin Huh(허향진),Chang-Gwon Lee(이창권) 제주대학교 관광과경영경제연구소 2018 産經論集 Vol.38 No.4
Purpose - The Purpose of this study is to empirically examine the direct effect of the shared leadership on the performance variables, and the mediating role of team efficacy between shared leadership and performances. The result variables were set as organizational performance and financial performance and set as team efficacy as a mediator. In addition, a group with high team efficacy will have a positive effect on various organizational performance. Based on these existing studies, we set hypotheses and demonstrate them positively. Research, design, data and methodology - We hypothesized as follows H1. Shared leadership I s positively related to performance through review previous studies. H2. Group efficacy mediates the positive relationship between shared leadership and performance. To verify the research hypothesis, the study collected a survey targeting 522 employees that is 3 employees each from 174 branches of a financial company. The proportion of males and females was 48.9% and 51.1%, respectively. The distribution of age was 42% in their 30s, 30.7% in their 40s, and 21.6% in their 20s. Finally, the number of years was the highest at 28.0% for less than 5 years. It was considered that measurement items used in this study had reliability. We measured shared leadership with instrument made by Hiller et al.(2006). Group efficacy was measured by questionnaire created by Guzzo, Yost, Campbell, and Shea(1993). Performance variables were measured by 2 items. Results - All variables showed a statistically significant correlation in terms of their relevance. The hypotheses were verified through multiple regression analysis. Conclusions - In the result on the influence of shared leadership, it showed that shared leadership had a positive correlation with team efficacy. It was also indicated that shared leadership had a positive impact on organizational performance and perceived financial performance. In the results of a mediating effect of team efficacy, it was indicated that in a relationship between shared leadership and organizational performance, and there was a mediating effect of team efficacy between shared leadership and perceived financial performance. Based on these findings, theoretical and empirical implications were discussed in details and the limitations and future direction of the study were suggested.
Non-linear optical properties of PECVD nanocrystal-Si nanosecond excitation
양현훈(Yang, Hyeon-Hun),김한울(Kim, Han-Wool),김주회(Kim, Joo Hoe),김철중(Kim, Chul Joong),이창권(Lee, Chang Gwon) 한국신재생에너지학회 2011 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.11
A study of the non-linear optical properties of nanocrystal-Si embedded in SiO2 has been performed by using the z-scan method in the nanosecond and femtosecond ranges. Substoichiometric SiOx films were grown by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition(PECVD) on silica substrates for Si excesses up to 24 at/%. An annealing at 1250?C for 1 hour was performed in order to precipitate nanocrystal-Si, as shown by EFTEM images. Z-scan results have shown that, by using 5-ns pulses, the non-linear process is ruled by thermal effects and only a negative contribution can be observed in the non-linear refractive index, with typical values around -10-10cm²/W. On the other hand, femtosecond excitation has revealed a pure electronic contribution to the nonlinear refractive index, obtaining values in the order of 10-12 cm2/W. Simulations of heat propagation have shown that the onset of the temperature rise is delayed more than half pulse-width respect to the starting edge of the excitation. A maximum temperature increase of {Delta}T=123.1?C has been found after 3.5ns of the laser pulse maximum. In order to minimize the thermal contribution to the z-scan transmittance and extract the electronic part, the sample response has been analyzed during the first few nanoseconds. By this method we found a reduction of 20% in the thermal effects. So that, shorter pulses have to be used obtain just pure electronic nonlinearities.
A Study on properties of a-Si:H layers by photoelectron spectroscopic
양현훈(Yang, Hyeon-Hun),김한울(Kim, Han-Wool),김주회(Kim, Joo Hoe),김철중(Kim, Chul Joong),이창권(Lee, Chang Gwon),소순열(So, Soon-Youl),박계춘(Park, Gye-Choon),이진(Lee, Jin) 한국신재생에너지학회 2011 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.11
We report on a detailed study on gap-state distribution in thin amorphous silicon layers(a-Si:H) with film thickness between 5 nm and 20 nm c-Si wafers performed by UV excited photoelectron spectroscopy(UV-PES). We measured how the work function, the gap state density, the position of the Fermi-level and the Urbch-energy depend on the layer thickness and the doping level of the ultra thin a-Si:H(n) layer. It was found, that for phosphorous doping the position of the Fermi level saturates at E_F-E_V=1.47 eV. This is achieved at a gas phase concentration of 10000 ppm PH₃ in the SiH₄/H₂ mixture which was used for the PECVD deposition process. The variation of the doping level from 0 to 20000 ppm PH₃ addition results in an increase of the Urbach energy from 65 meV to 101 meV and in an increase of the gap state density at midgap(E_i-E_V=0.86eV) from 3{times}10^{18} to 2{times}1019cm^{-3}eV^{-1}.