도가의 인성과 사랑

황형식(Hwang Hyung-Sik) 대구대학교 인문과학연구소 2011 人文科學硏究 Vol.36 No.-

??The purpose of this paper is to study the concepts, principles and approach methods of character education in Taoism, a dominated traditional religion in eastern Asian society, in order to provide a direction of character education.<br/> ??Chuang Tzu said the human being could come to the ideal human by self-culture and at first, we have to be educated by mind-training for being that. For this fact, we have to cultivate positive consideration, not negative thoughts and knowledge.<br/> ??A view point of human nature in Taoism will be defined as a genuine just like a child. Thus in order to preserve such a human nature, it will be go against restraint to natural human nature. and to develop the Natural human nature, not only refused the artificial education also will be cultivated by harmonized training of body and mind, finally, could be established an immortal being. Among training method m Taoism, breathing method could be applied m character education. The other word, in Buddhism, which is called the body and mind methods, that is meditation.<br/> ??At last, we need an education that help growing inner beauty for realizing the ideal human. The true beauty is not outward but inner beauty. It is the giving heart, the act from heart and the love for all things alive. We must educate to be a human who can love beauty like that.

서화담 전승의 유·도가적 양상과 인식

황형식(Hwang, Hyung-sik) 우리말글학회 2012 우리말 글 Vol.55 No.-

이 논문은 화담 서경덕 기록물 가운데 문헌전승과 구비전승을 대상으로 전승자의 인식을 유가적 측면과 도가적 측면으로 나누어 고찰했다. 유가사상을 국시로 한 조선조 사회에서 이면적으로 도가사상 또한 간과할 수 없는 측면이 있다. 당시 사회와 실기에서는 화담을 유가로 인식했지만 설화에서는 도가로 인식 되어진 면이 크다. 이것은 기록자가 실기에다 흥미 있는 이야기를 가미하여 서화담을 유학자에서 이술(異術)을 익혀 초월적인 행동을 하는 탁월한 인물로 기술했고 또한 도가로 기록된 것이라 할 수 있다. 화담이 기이한 행적은 당시 혼란한 사회에서 민중들은 이인이 나타나 그들을 구제해 주리라는 간절한 소망이 있었기 때문이다. 관념과 현실이 괴리되는 당대의 유교사회에서 선의 세계는 민중들의 의식 속에서 도피처로서 적당했다. 문헌전승과 구비전승의 소재와 내용면에서 거의 비슷한 점은 전승자가 실기에서 차용하여 당시 사회상을 그대로 반영한 것이라 볼 수 있다. 약간의 차이점이 있는 것은 문헌과 구비라는 전승 형식 때문이기도 하나 지배층과 민중이라는 전승자의 의식에 기인한 것이기도 하다. This article, focusing on text-based tradition and oral tradition from Haw-Dam Seo, Kyung Duk archive, investigates transmitters" consciousness in both differential aspects of Confucianism and Taoism. Given that the text-based tradition is transmitted by the intellectuals while oral tradition by the people, this article endeavors to understand this differential aspect and consciousness. In Chosun society founded by Confucian ideology, Taoism played a significant role in the background. At that time, the ruling class recognized Hwa-Dam as confucian one, while the people Taoist. In this differential traditions, the recorder added interesting stories to the real story so that Seo-Hwa-Dam was described as a person transformed from a Confucian scholar to a superhero who by learning magic could do unbelievable things; this also was recorded as Taoistic stories. The fact that Hwa-Dam"s real story is changed into a story of a superhero can be interpreted that there was a opposing views between the ruling class preferring Confucianism while rejecting Taoism and the people who preferred SeonDoSaSang(선도 사상).

상위 요추간판 탈출증에 대한 후측방 접근술 - 증 례 보 고 -

황형식,Hwang, Hyung Sik 대한신경외과학회 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.1

Generally, the posterolateral approach had been recommended in case of extraforaminal disc herniation or lateral stenosis but it has been speculated that this procedure may be feasible to posterolateral disc herniation at the high lumbar levels of the L1-L2 interspace. Topographically, a posterolateral approach should be able to access anteromedial side of the spinal canal without the risk of the bony instability and damage to the neural structures. During the past one year period, three patients with high lumbar discs at the L1-L2 level were treated by the modified posterolateral approach. This article describeds the details of this approach with pertinent literature review.

Glucose Modulation of Release of Endogenous Catecholamines from Hypothalamic Fragments in Vitro

정전섭,황형식,위명복,송동근,김용식,김영희,Jung, Jun-Sub,Hwang, Hyung-Sik,Wie, Myung-Bok,Song, Dong-Keun,Kim, Yong-Sik,Kim, Yung-Hi The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1993 대한약리학잡지 Vol.29 No.2

시상하부 조각에서 카테콜아민의 분비에 대한 포도당의 영향을 관찰하였다. 카테콜아민의 기초분비는 포도당의 농도$(5{\sim}30mM)$에 반비례하였다. Tetrodotoxin $(10\;{\mu}M)$의 존재하에서 카테콜아민의 기초분비에 대한 포도당의 억제 작용은 대부분 유지되었으나, 도파민에 대한 30 mM 포도당의 억제 작용은 거의 봉쇄되었다. Tetrodotoxin $(10\;{\mu}M)$과 desipramine $(3\;{\mu}M)$의 존재하에서는 카테콜아민의 기초분비에 대한 포도당의 영향이 없었다. 이상의 결과는 포도당이 transsynaptic action 뿐 아니라 카테콜아민 신경세포 말단에 대한 직접 작용을 통하여 카테콜아민의 분비를 조절할 것임을 시사한다. 카테콜아민의 분비에 대한 포도당의 조절작용은 당뇨상태에서의 시상하부 카테콜아민 대사의 변화를 적어도 부분적으로는 설명할 수 있으리라 사료된다. Effects of glucose on the catecholamine release from the hypothalamic fragments in vitro were studied. Basal release of catecholamines was inversely related to the concentrations $(5{\sim}30\;mM)$ of glucose in the incubation medium. Glucose did not affect the 30 mM $K{^+}-stimulated$ release of catecholamine. In the presence of tetrodotoxin $(10\;{\mu}M)$, the inhibitory effect of glucose on the basal release of catecholamines was largely persisted, but the inhibitory effect of 30 mM glucose on dopamine release was largerly blocked. In the presence of both tetrodotoxin $(10\;{\mu}M)$ and desipramine $(3\;{\mu}M)$, glucose failed to affect the basal catecholamine release. The results suggest that glucose modulates the catecholamine release through a direct action on the catecholaminergic nerve terminals, as well as through a trans-synaptical action. The glucose-modulation of the catecholamine release may explain, at least in part, the diabetes-induced changes in the hypothalamic catecholamine metabolism.

뇌경막 정맥동 혈전증 - 증례보고 -

한영민,이종필,황형식,임대철,송준호,안명수,Han, Young-Min,Lee, Jong-Phil,Hwang, Hyung-Sik,Lim, Dae-Chul,Song, Joon-Ho,Ahn, Myung-Su The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.3

경막정맥동 혈전증은 다양한 원인을 가진 비교적 드문 질환으로 알려져왔으며 임상양상 및 발현형태가 매우 다양하여 임상적 진단이 쉽지 않았다. 그러나 최근에는 여러 영상진단 방법, 특히 자기공명영상 혈관 촬영등을 통해 조기 진단이 가능하게되었다. 치료 방법을 결정할 때, 환자의 임상증상과 정맥순환계의 개인간 차이가 매우 중요한 인자중 하나이다. 저자들은 보존적 치료로 좋은 결과를 얻은 2례의 경막정맥동 환자의 특성을 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Cerebral dural sinus thrombosis(CDST) has been described as a rare disease with a variety of patho-etiological factors. The diagnosis of CDST is difficult due to various symptoms and signs, none of which is specific to CDST. But timely diagosis is critical for effective management. The introduction and widespread use of computed tomography(CT), magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and cerebral angiography made early diagnosis of CDST possible. In particular, MR venography is the most useful tool for establishing a correct diagnosis quickly. In early literature, mortality ranked between 30% and 50% but in more recent series it is between 5.5% and 30%. With the advent of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, early diagnosis and proper management has made the prognosis better. The appropriate therapy for CDST, however, has been the subject of much cortroversy. Individual variations of the venous system and collateral vessels are key factors to decide the proper treatment. In this report, we present two cases with symptomatic CDST treated without open surgical or direct endovascular interventions with good outcome.

악성신경교 분화를 보이는 재발성 뇌실외 신경세포종 - 증례보고-

장인복,박세혁,황형식,김덕환,남은숙,조병문,신동익,오세문,Chang, In-Bok,Park, Se-Hyuck,Hwang, Hyung-Sik,Kim, Duck-Hwan,Nam, Eun Sook,Cho, Byung-Moon,Shin, Dong-Ik,Oh, Sae-Moon The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.4

37세 남자 환자로 경련발작을 주소로 본원에 내원하였고, 조직검사상 뇌실외 신경세포종으로 진단 받았으며, 방사선 치료를 받고 퇴원하였다. 11년후 언어장애, 우측 편마비를 주소로 다시 내원 하였다. 뇌 전산화 단층촬영과 뇌 자기공명영상에서 좌측 두정엽과 측두엽에 종양 크기의 증가, 뇌부종 및 석회화가 동반된 소견을 보여 종양 절제술을 시행 받았다. 조직검사상에서 1987년 처음 입원 시에는 투명세포질을 가진 작은 원형세포와 원섬유가 풍부하고 가유두상 양상을 보이는 중심 신경세포종으로 진단되었다. 그러나, 1998년 두 번째 조직 검사상에서 대부분의 종양세포는 심한 이형성을 보이는 신경교세포로 구성되었으며, 유사분열, 다형성핵 등이 관찰되었고, 면역염색상 glial fibrillary acidic protein에서 양성을 보였다. 일부에서는 작고 둥근 세포들의 군집이 보였으며, synaptophysin에 양성을 보였다. 중심 신경세포종은 젊은 성인에서 호발하고 주로 측뇌실이나 제 3 뇌실의 몬로공 주위에서 발생하는 비교적 드문 종양으로, 신경교 분화를 보이는 경우는 있으나 악성분화를 보이는 경우와 뇌실외 발생은 드물다. 본 교실에서는 11년전 중심 신경세포 종으로 진단 받은 후 악성 신경교 분화를 보이는 뇌실외 신경세포종을 경험하였기에 보고한다. We present a case of recurrent extraventricular neurocytoma with malignant glial differentiation in left temporoparietal area. A 37-year-old man with presentation of generalized seizure had undergone biopsy of brain tumor in left parietal area in 1987, which revealed extraventricular neurocytoma and radiotherapy was followed. Postoperative course was uneventful until eleven years after biopsy, when he became gradually aphasic and right hemiplegic. Brain CT and MRI revealed enlargement of tumor with peritumoral edema and calcifications. He underwent subtotal tumor removal in 1998. Microscopic examination of second biopsy specimen revealed presence of large areas composed of anaplastic glial cells with frequent mitosis, nuclear pleomorphism, large eosinophilic cytoplasm and eccentric nuclei, resembling gemistocytes, which were strongly immunoreactive to glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) but not to synaptophysin(SNP). Also focal areas of neuronal cells were found, which were immunoreactive to SNP but not to GFAP. These histologic findings imply that this recurred tumor was a high grade, mixed tumor with divergent differentiation of neuronal and astrocyte lineage. We report a rare case of extraventricular cerebral neurocytoma with malignant glial differentiation with review of the literature.

HACCP 신청 양돈농가의 생산성 분석

남인식 ( In Sik Nam ),곽형근 ( Hyung Keun Kwak ),표수일 ( Su Il Pyo ),황인진 ( In Jin Hwang ),김현수 ( Hyun Soo Kim ),이경순 ( Kyung Soon Lee ),김형식 ( Hyung Sik Kim ),강천근 ( Cheun Geun Kang ),임도경 ( Do Kyoung Lim ),조재진 ( 한국수의공중보건학회 2008 예방수의학회지 Vol.32 No.2

반추위 미생물의 불포화지방산 biohydrogenation과 CLA 생산

남인식 ( In Sik Nam ),곽형근 ( Hyung Keun Kwak ),황인진 ( In Jin Hwang ),조재진 ( Jea Jin Cho ),김형식 ( Hyung Sik Kim ) 한국수의공중보건학회 2008 예방수의학회지 Vol.32 No.2

안와내 가성종양 1예 - 증 례 보 고 -

장인복,조병문,황형식,박세혁,신동익,오세문,Chang, In Bok,Cho, Byung Moon,Hwang, Hyung-Sik,Park, Se-Hyuck,Shin, Dong-Ik,Oh, Sae-Moon 대한신경외과학회 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.1

Intraorbital pseudotumors are inflammatory lesions of the orbit of unknown etiology, which initially mimic an orbital neoplasm. The authors report a case of intraorbital pseudotumor presenting with painful exophthalmos. A 45-year-old male patient had a two-week history of acute progressive exophthalmos and diplopia. Right orbit was explored through transcranial route and the mass was biopsied, which revealed dense inflammatory cells and fibrosis. He subsequently underwent corticosteroid therapy and symptoms improved gradually. The literatures were reviewed.

추출된 이종 크롬 친화성 세포의 이식에 의한 마우스에서의 통증 완화 효과

한영민,이종필,황형식,송준호,박상구,박석주,진재광,최은경,김용선,안명수,Han, Young-Min,Lee, Jong-Phil,Hwang, Hyung-Sik,Song, Joon-Ho,Park, Sang-Koo,Park, Suk-Ju,Jin, Jae-Kwang,Choi, Eun-Kyoung,Kim, Yong-Sun,Ahn, Myung-Soo 대한신경외과학회 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.4

Objective : Adrenal medullary chromaffin cells are known to release analgesic substances such as opioides and catecholamines. Transplantation of them is a novel method that challenges current approaches in treating chronic pain. The transplantation of xenogeneic chromaffin cells into the central nervous system(CNS) supply antinociception in animals. In this study, we investigated the analgesic effects of rat adrenal medullary chromaffin cells transplanted into the CNS of the mouse. To study the antinociceptive efficacy of transplanted chromaffin cells, the survival of rat adrenal medullary chromaffin cells transplanted into the CNS of mouse was determined. Methods : The adrenal medullary chromaffin cells isolated from rat were transplanted into the striatum of mouse. These cells were confirmed of the release of Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin by HPLC, and immunoblots for tyrosine hydroxylase(TH). Two weeks after transplantation, we performed immunohistochemistry for TH to determine the survival of implanted cells and assessed pain sensitivity at the same time. Results : The isolated rat adrenal medullary chromaffin cells were positive for anti-TH antibody and released Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin more than rat endothelial cells. Transplanted rat chromaffin cells were stained with anti-TH antibody in striatum of mouse after 2 weeks. Pain sensitivity was reduced on the chromaffin cell-transplanted mouse compared to endothelial cell-transplanted mouse by the hot plate test. Conclusion : These results suggest that the rat chromaffin cells were suitably transplanted into the CNS of mouse. This approach could be used as a therapy for reducing of chronic pain induced by cancer or neuronal injury.