토양중 유기물함량 차이에 따른 고구마뿌리혹선충(Meloidigyne incognita)에 대한 Carbofuran과 Ethoprophos의 효력변동, 수직이동성 및 잔효성조사

송철,황인택,장경수,조광연,Song, Cheol,Hwang, In-Taek,Jang, Kyoung-Soo,Cho, Kwang-Yun 한국응용곤충학회 1999 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.38 No.1

토양중 유기물 함량 차이에 따른 토양내에서 carbofuran과 ethoprophos의 약효 변화, 수직 이동성 및 잔효성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 고구마뿌리혹선충 (Meloidogyne incognita)을 공시하여 실험하였다. 두 약제 모구 토양중 유기물 함량이 많을수록 약효는 감소였다. 약제의 수직이동성은 토양 표면에서 0~2cm층에서는 유기물의 함량에 관계없이 두 약제 모두 80%이상의 높은 방제가를 보였으나, 2~4cm층에서는 유기물의 함량에 관계없이 두 약제 모두 80%이상의 높은 방제가를 보였으나, 2~4cm 층에서는 두 약제의 방제가가 다르게 나타났다. Carbofuran의 경우 유기물 함량에 따라 10~30%의 방제가를 나타냈으나, ethoprophos는 0.4% 유기물 토양에서만 약 30%의 방제가를 나타냈으며, 나머지 유기물 토양에서는 효과가 거의 없었다. 또한 4cm 이하의 토양에서는 carbofuran은 대부분의 토야에서 5~20%의 내외의 약효를 나타냈으나, ethoprophos은 거의 나타내지 않았다. 따라서 , 두 약제 중에서 토양중 이동성은 carbofuran이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 토양중 유기물 함량은 두 약제의 잔효지속기간에 큰 영향을 주었으며, 유기물 함량이 증가함에 따라 약효지속기간이 감소하였다. 약효의 반감기는 carbofuran의 경우 유기물 함량이 0.4%인 토양에서는 2~3주로 나타났으나, 0.8%, 1.6% 토양에서는 1주 정도였다. 한편, ethoprophos의 경우 0.4%, 0.8%의 토양에서는 3~4주, 1.6%인 토양에서는 1~2주로 나타났다. 그러나 두 약제 모두 3.2%의 유기물함량 토양에서 약제의 효과가 거의 나타나지 않았다. Effects of organic matter content in soil on activity. vertical migration. and persistence of two nernaticides. carbofuran and ethoprophos. to root-knot nematode, Mrloitlog!~iei ~lcognita.w ere investigated. As the organic matter content increased. activity of the nernaticides tended to be reduced. Both nematicides exhibited control values of more than 80'k' to M. iix.o,yilit~iln 0-2 cm depth soil layer from the surface. regi~rdless of organic matter content in soil. In 2-4 cm depth soil layer. however. the control value of the neniaticides varied with the organic niatter content in soil. The control value of carbofuran in the soil layer was ranged from I0 to 30'2,. depending on the soil organic niatter content. In contrast. ethoprophos had no control value against M. i/ic.o,ytlitcr in the \oil layer, except that the nematicide had a control value of 30% when the organic matter content was 0.4%. Furthermore. ethoprophos had no effect on controlling M. i/ic.o,gtiitrr in soil layer of below 4cm. whereas control values of carbofuran were approximately from 5 to 20% in all test soils having different organic matter contents. These results indicate that carbofuran has more vertical migration effect than ethoprophos. Persistence of the two neniaticides was also decreased with increasing soil organic matter content. Half life of carbofuran was 2-3 weeks in soil containing 0.4% organic matter, whereas it was found to be I week in soils containning 0.8 ant1 1.6% of organic matter. On the other hand. activity of ethoprophos was reduced to half in 3-3 weeks and in 2-3 weeks in soil containing 0.4 and 0.8%, and 1.6%) of organic matter, respectively. However, no activity of the both nernaticides was found in soil containing 3.2% of organic matter.

임신중 발생한 난소종양의 임상적 고찰

서정욱(Jeong Wook Seo),노정훈(Jeong Hoon Rho),오관영(Kwan Young Oh),박미혜(Mi Hye Park),김은경(Eun Kyung Kim),양윤석(Yun Seok Yang),황인택(In Taek Hwang),정지학(Ji Hak Jung),박준숙(Joon Sook Park) 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.9

목적 : 임신 중 동반된 자궁부속기종양에 대한 임상양상 및 임신경과에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 본 연구를 하였다.방법 및 재료 : 1995년 1월부터 1999년 12월까지 만 5년간 본원에서 경험한 임신 중 동반된 자궁부속기종양 69례를 분석하였다. 추적관찰 중 자연소멸되었거나 자궁외 임신과 동반된 경우는 제외되었다. 임상양상을 조사하였으며 임신 중 수술적 처치 및 보존적 치료가 임신경과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 결과 :1. 발생빈도는 같은 기간의 총 분만수 10,550예에 69례로 1:153(0.65%)이었고 악성으로는 1예(1/10,550)의 점액성 경계성 종양이 발견되었다. 2. 연령은 25세∼29세군이 가장 많았으며(42.0%) 다산모보다 초산모에서 더 흔했다.(59.4%:40.6%)3. 난소종양으로 인한 합병증은 염전이 10예(14.6%)로 가장 많았으며 기타 출혈이나 파열의 예는 없었다.4. 진단시기는 임신 제 1삼분기가 53.6%, 제 2삼분기가 14.5%, 제 3삼분기가 31.9%였고 진단방법은 초음파와 내진에 의하였으며 제왕절개수술중 우연히 발견된 경우도 20예(29.0%)였다. 5. 수술시기는 제왕절개술중 우연히 발견된 20예를 제외하고 제 1삼분기에 67.6%, 제 2삼분기에 24.3%, 제 3삼분기에 8.1%순이었다.6. 총 69예중 제왕절개수술중 우연히 발견된 20예와 난소종양수술과 동시에 인공유산시킨 22예를 제외한 27예에서 이중 18예는 수술적 처치로 나머지 9예에서는 비수술적 요법으로 치료받으며 임신의 경과를 관찰했다.7. 임신경과는 수술적 처치를 받은 군(18예)에서 만삭질식분만이 12예(66.7%), 만삭 제왕절개수술이 5예(27.8%), 조산이 1예였으며 평균 분만주수는 38.8주였다. 비수술군(6예)에서는 만삭질식분만이 1예(16.7%), 만삭제왕절개수술이 4예(67.0%), 조산이 1예였다.8. 병리조직학적 소견으로는 양성 낭성기형종이 35.7%, 점액성 낭선종이 22.9%, 장액성 낭선종이 14.3%, 단순낭종이 14.3%였다.9. 제왕절개수술이 32예에서 행해졌는데 25례에서 산과적 이유로, 나머지 7예에서 난소종양을 주소로 수술하였다.결론 : 최근 산전진찰에 초음파의 이용으로 임신 중 자궁부속기종양의 발견율이 증가하는 추세이며 이의 처치에 있어서 임신에 미치는 영향을 고려할 때 방법의 선택에 있어 신중을 기해야 한다. 본 논문은 임신 중 자궁부속기종양의 임상양상을 조사하였으며 수술적, 비수술적 처치 및 수술시기가 임신의 경과에 미치는 영향을 비교, 분석하였다. Objective : Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical appearance and outcome of pregnancy associated with ovarian tumors. Methods : A review was performed of patients who were seen with an ovarian tumor in pregnancy from January 1995 to December 1999. We excluded ovarian tumors that resolved spontaneously and were found simultaneously with ectopic pregnancy. Results : 1. The incidence of ovarian tumors in pregnancy was 69 in 10,550 deliveries.(1:153) One case of mucinous borderline malignancy was found. 2. The ovarian tumors occuring in pregnancy were the most common at 25 to 29 years old-pregnant women(42.0%) and more common in nulliparous pregnant women(59.4%) than in multiparous women.(40.6%) 3. The most common complication of ovarian tumors in pregnancy was torsion which is 10 cases(14.6%) 4. Pre-operative diagnosis of ovarian tumors was made in the first trimester(53.6%), second trimester(14.5%), and third trimester(31.9%) 5. Excluding the 20 cases of cesarean section, operation was performed at first trimester in 25cases(67.6%), at second trimester in 9 cases (24.3%), at third trimester in 3 cases (8.1%). 6. The surgical management was performed from 18 women and the conservative therapy was done at 6 cases. 7. According to the outcome of pregnancy, among 18 cases in which the ovarian tumor was removed, vaginal delivery occurred at term in 12 cases (66.7%), cesarean section in 5 cases(27.8%) and premature delivery in 1 case. Among the other cases in which conservative management was performed, term vaginal deliveries were done in 1 case(16.7%), cesarean section in 4 cases(67.0%) and premature delivery in 1 case(16.7%). 8. The histologic features of the exised ovarian tumors were benign cystic teratoma 25 cases (35.7%), mucinous cystadenoma 16 cases(22.9%), serous cystadenoma 10 cases(14.3%) and simple cyst 10 case(14.3%) 9. The cesarean section was performed in 32 cases including emergency operation. In 25 cases, common cause was due to obstetrical problem( elective repeat cesarean section, fetal malpresentation, labor disorder) and in the rest 7 cases was due to adnexal masses. Conclusion : Although the incidence of ovarian cancer in pregnancy is low, the incidental finding of an adnexal mass in pregnancy is more common. Because complications of surgery are increased in pregnancy, operative management needs to be considered. Our data was consistent with what has been reported clinical study to determine optimal management of an ovarian tumor in pregnancy.

자궁근종의 보존적 치료를 위한 질식 고주파 자궁근종용해술

황인택 ( In Taek Hwang ),노정훈 ( Jeong Hoon Rho ),김기환 ( Ki Hwan Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2007 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.50 No.2

목적: 자궁근종의 치료에 이용한 질식 고주파 자궁근종용해술의 임상적 효과 및 안정성에 대해 분석하고자 한다. 연구 방법: 2005년 5월부터 2006년 3월까지 자궁근종의 진단 하에 본원에서 질식 고주파 자궁근종용해술을 시행 받은 67명을 대상으로 하였다. 시술 전 경복부 및 경질 초음파를 이용하여 근종의 크기, 개수, 위치 그리고 부피를 측정하였으며, 시술 후 1개월, 3개월, 6개월 후 동일인에 의해 근종의 크기 및 부피를 측정하였고. 시술 후 매 방문마다 생리과다, 생리통, 부정기 출혈 그리고 근종의 압박증상 (빈뇨, 골반통) 등의 근종 특이증상의 호전 유무를 추적, 관찰하였다. 결과: 67명 환자의 평균 연령은 42.2세였다. 근종의 평균 개수는 1.18개였고, 평균 최대직경은 5.52 cm이었으며, 평균 부피는 89.9 cm3였다. 각 근종 당 평균 시술시간은 15.1분이었고, 평균 시술횟수는 1.4회였다. 근종의 평균 최대직경은 시술 후 1개월, 3개월, 6개월에 각각 14.2%, 22.8%, 29.8%의 감소율을 보였으며, 평균 부피는 각각 34.9%, 52.5%, 63.6%의 감소를 보였다. 초기 증상이 없었거나 폐경 후인 8명을 제외한 59명 중 3개월, 6개월에 각각 45명과 37명의 증상을 확인할 수 있었다. 생리통의 증상 호전은 각각 86.7%, 82.8%를 보였고, 생리양과다는 각각 65.2%, 60%의 증상 호전을 보였다. 위의 두 가지 증상이 모두 동반된 경우에는 각각 85%와 81.2%의 증상 호전을 보였다. 시술 후 합병증으로는 일시적인 하복부 통증이 7명, 질출혈이 1명, 시술 후의 발열 및 복부 불편감으로 내과로 전과된 경우가 1명이었다. 그 외 심각한 합병증은 한 예도 없었다. 결론: 질식 고주파 자궁근종용해술은 자궁을 보존할 수 있고, 보다 비침습적이며, 근종의 크기 및 증상의 감소에 뛰어난 효과가 있어, 기존의 방법들을 대체할 수 있는 자궁근종의 치료로서 많은 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transvaginal radiofrequency myolysis of uterine myomas. Methods: 67 women who had undergone transvaginal radiofrequency myolysis of uterine myomas at Eulji university hospital between May 2005 and March 2006 were participated in this study. Pre-procedural transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluation was done for measurement of the size, numbers, location, and volume of the myomas. 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after the procedure the numbers and size of the myomas were measured by the same examiner. And also improvement of menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, abnormal vaginal bleeding, and any symptoms like urinary frequency and pelvic pain that were caused by compression of the myomas were observed on every visit. Results: The average age of the patients were 42.2 years. The average number of myomas were 1.18, the average of the maximal diameter was 5.52 cm, and the average volume was 89.9 cm3. The average procedure time was 15.1 minutes, and the average procedure frequency was 1.4 times. 1 month, 3 moths, and 6 months after the procedure the average maximal diameter of the myomas were decreased by 14.2%, 22.8%, and 29.8% respectively and the average volume decreased by 34.9%, 52.5%, and 63.6% respectively. 8 women who had no early symptoms and who were postmenopaused were excluded and from the other 59 women, 45 women and 37 women had been confirmed of their symptoms after 3 months and 6 months of the procedure respectively. 86.7%, 82.8% of the group had improvement of dysmenorrhea, and 65.2%, 60% had improvement of menorrhagia after 3 months and 6 months of procedure respectively. The group which had both symptoms, 85% and 81.2% had improvement. There were post-procedural complications of lower abdominal pain in 7 women, vaginal bleeding in 1 woman and in 1 case the patient was transferred to the department of internal medicine due to post-procedural fever and abdominal discomfort. No other major complications were found. Conclusion: Transvaginal radiofrequency myolysis had benefits in conserving the uterus, and was less invasive and had great effect on the reduction of size of the myomas and improving the symptoms. So this method could be a effective alternative treatment for uterine myomas.

잡초 및 농림부산물을 이용한 Biorefinery 기술개발

황인택(In Taek Hwang),황진수(Jin Soo Hwang),임희경(Hee Kyung Lim),박노중(No-Joong Park) 韓國雜草學會 2010 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.30 No.4

이제 바야흐로 21세기 탈석유 시대에 대비하기 위해서는 범국가적 차원의 새로운 산업전략이 필요하게 되었다. "바이오리파이너리"란 원유로부터 각종 화학제품을 생산하는 기존의 기술과 달리 석유대신 나무나 볏짚 등과 같은 식물을 원료로 해서 바이오화학제품이나 바이오연료 등을 생산하는 기술을 총칭한다. 바이오리파이너리를 통한 바이오매스 기반의 화학산업은 석유로부터 생성되는 많은 역기능적인 문제점들을 해결할 수 있다. 바이오리파이너리 기술을 이용해서 생산할 수 있는 제품을 특성별로 분류하면, 바이오 연료, 대체원료, 특수 기능물질, 바이오폴리머 등이 있으며, 이러한 공정기술 개발이 미래지속 성장 화학기술의 중심기술이 될 것이다. 바이오 연료에는 에탄올, 디젤, 수소 등이 있고, 대체원료(chemical feedstock)로서는 글리세롤, 젖산, 아세톤, 부탄올, 프로피온산, 부틸산, 부탄디올, 프로판디올, 구연산, 숙신산, 각종 아미노산 등이 해당된다. 특수기능물질 중에는 항생제, 다당류, 미생물농약, 생리활성물질 등과 각종 생촉매 전환반응 생산제품, 바이오 식품소재 등이 있고, 바이오 폴리머는 미생물 대사산물 유기산을 원료로 하는 고분자와 미생물이 직접 생산하는 바이오 폴리머 등이 있다. 이러한 공정기술 개발이 미래 지속 성장 화학기술의 중심기술이 될 것이며, 공정기술 중에서 가장 핵심이 되는 것은 충분한 양의 바이오매스 확보 및 생화학적/열화학적 전환기술이다. 바이오매스 확보를 위하여 환경적응성이 큰 잡초의 이용이 기대된다. 바이오리파이너리는 농업으로 시작되며, 농업과 화학산업의 다리역할을 하는 기술이 바로 바이오리파이너리인 것이다. The depletion of fossil fuels, ecological problems associated with CO₂ emissions climate change, growing world population, and future energy supplies are forcing the development of alternative resources for energy (heat and electricity), transport fuels and chemicals: the replacement of fossil resources with CO₂ neutral biomass. Several options exist to cover energy supplies of the future, including solar, wind, and water power; however, chemical carbon source can get from biomass only. When used in combination with environmental friend production and processing technology, the use of biomass can be seen as a sustainable alternative to conventional chemical feedstocks. The biorefinery concept is analogous to today"s petroleum refinery, which produce multiple fuels and chemical products from petroleum. A biorefinery is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuels, power, and value-added chemicals from biomass. Biorefinery is the co-production of a spectrum of bio-based products (food, feed, materials, and chemicals) and energy (fuels, power, and heat) from biomass [definition IEA Bioenergy Task 42]. By producing multiple products, a biorefinery takes advantage of the various components in biomass and their intermediates therefore maximizing the value derived from the biomass feedstocks. A biorefinery could, for example, produce one or several low-volume, but high-value, chemical or nutraceutical products and a low-value, but high-volume liquid transportation fuel such as biodiesel or bioethanol. Future biorefinery may play a major role in producing chemicals and materials as a bridge between agriculture and chemistry that are traditionally produced from petroleum. Industrial biotechnology is expected to significantly complement or replace the current petroleum-based industry and to play an important role.

잡초 및 농림부산물을 이용한 Biorefinery 기술개발 현황

황인택(Hwang, In Taek) 한국잡초학회 2010 한국잡초학회 별책(학술대회 초록집) Vol.30 No.2

The depletion in fossil feedstocks, increasing oil prices and the ecological problems associated with CO₂ emissions are forcing the development of alternative resources for energy (heat and electricity), transport fuels and chemicals: the replacement of fossil resources with CO₂ neutral biomass. When used in combination with environmentally sound production and processing techniques, the use of biomass can be seen as a sustainable alternative to conventional feedstocks. A biorefinery is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuels, power, heat, and value-added chemicals from biomass. The biorefinery concept is analogous to today’s petroleum refinery, which produce multiple fuels and products from petroleum. The International Engineering Alliance (IEA) Bioenergy Task 42 on Biorefineries has defined biorefining as the sustainable processing of biomass into a spectrum of bio-based products (food, feed, chemicals, materials) and bioenergy (biofuels, power and/or heat). By producing multiple products, a biorefinery takes advantage of the various components in biomass and their intermediates therefore maximizing the value derived from the biomass feedstock. Future biorefinery may play a major role in producing chemicals and materials as a bridge between agriculture and chemistry that are traditionally produced from petroleum. Industrial biotechnology is expected to significantly complement or replace the current petroleum-based industry and to play an important role in bringing about so-called ‘bio-based society’.

배 과수원에서 오차드그라스와 여러 종류의 클로버 혼파에 따른 녹비작물의 양분공급량 추정

임경호,김월수,최현석,황인택,이진우,이유석,최경주,이연,송장훈,조영식,Lim, Kyeong-Ho,Kim, Wol-Soo,Choi, Hyun-Sug,Hwang, In-Taek,Lee, Jin-Woo,Lee, You-Seok,Choi, Kyeong-Ju,Lee, Youn,Song, Jang-Hoon,Cho, Young-Sik 한국유기농업학회 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate nutrient production of both orchardgrass and several clovers as a green manure in a 'Niitaka' pear (Pyrus pyriforia) orchard. The experiment was conducted at diligent farmer in Boseong in Chonnam on March 26 of 2010, and the treatments included; 1) orchard grass (2.0kg/$1,000m^2$), 2) orchard grass (1.0kg/$1,000m^2$)+ladino clover (1.0 kg/$1,000m^2$), 3) orchard grass (1.0kg/$1,000m^2$)+red clover (1.0kg/$1,000m^2$), and 4) orchard grass (1.0kg/$1,000m^2$) +white clover (1.0kg/$1,000m^2$). Lengths of orchardgrass and clovers were greater in July than those of June and September. Seeding of orchardgrass without clovers in June and July increased dry weight of green manure crops compared with the seeding of orchardgrass with clovers, resulting in greater annual total dry weight. Various green manure treatments produced different amounts of total N and $P_2O_5$ from each raw materials and did not satisfy amounts of those nutrients for proper annual growth of ten- to twelve-year-old pear tree. Amounts of $K_2O$ producing from green manures, however, satisfied for proper growth of the pear trees.

농업인의 혁신기술 수용 및 저항 요인과 농식품 ICT 융복합사업 확산의도와의 관계

김덕현(Deok-Hyeon Kim),황인택(In-Taek Hwang),이승현(Seung–,Hyun Lee) 한국농촌지도학회 2015 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.22 No.1

This study explored the effects of adoption of innovation and resistant attitude on farmers’ perspectives and also was deigned for developing prompt spread of ICT and facilitating stronghold support center in the convergence agricultural field. To closely examine the variation for exploitation intent of stronghold support center in the ICT convergence agriculture, 110 farmers who had experienced introduction for ICT hybrid environmental control system were participated in the study using the questionnaire. The results revealed the several findings. Firstly, there was no significant differences between the self-efficacy such as confidence of application technology for farmers and adoption of innovative technique (p=.075). Secondly, suitability of using ICT hybrid environmental control system showed a significant difference in the adoption of innovation (p=2.750) while complexity of using ICT hybrid environmental control system indicated the negative effects on the adoption of innovation (p=3.591). Thirdly, introduction cost of ICT hybrid environmental control system showed the negative effects in the adoption of innovation (p=2.278), whereas adoption of innovation indicated a significant difference in the stronghold support center in the convergence agricultural field (p=5.500). Finally, resistance of ICT adoption of innovative technique revealed the negative effects on the stronghold support center in the ICT convergence agriculture. This study, therefore, demonstrated that educational assistance for acquiring ICT technique, suggestion of influences for productivity, and development for skills were needed to extend ICT convergence technology. Additionally, the study indicated the strategies related with promotion as well as ways of minimizing introduction cost.

끈끈이주걱의 기내 엽배양에 있어서 배양조건에 따른 식물체 재분화

김성진(Seong Jin Kim),조경철(Kyung Chul Cho),황인택(In Taek Hwang),김정근(Joung Keun Kim),김수옥(Soo Ok Kim),김광수(Kwang Soo Kim) 한국원예학회 2006 원예과학기술지 Vol.24 No.2

본 연구는 D. spatulata sp. Tokaiensis의 기내증식체계를 확립하기 위해 배지의 농도, 배지내 활성탄 및 당의 농도가 엽절편 배양 시 식물체 재분화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 엽절편의 생존율은 명배양보다 암배양에서 더 높게 나타났으며, 배지의 농도가 낮을수록 생존율이 높았다. 각 절편당 신초형성수, 신초길이, 신초중 및 근생장은 1/4MS배지의 농도에서 높은 경향이었으며, 광조건에 따른 차이는 유의성이 없었다. 활성탄 농도에 따른 생존율은 1/2MS와 1MS 배지에서보다 1/4MS배지에서 높게 나타났으나, 통계적 차이는 보이지 않았다. 절편체당 뿌리의 형성수는 대부분 배지농도에서 30g L⁻¹ 당을 첨가한 배지에서 높게 나타났다. 1/2MS, 1/4MS에서 당의 농도가 높을수록 신초와 뿌리의 형성수가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 끈끈이주걱의 엽절편배양시 증식효율을 높이기 위해서는 1/4MS배지에 당 30g L⁻¹이 첨가된 배지에 배양하는 것이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. In order to establish in vitro propagation of sundew, Drosera spatulata sp. Tokaiensis, the effect of MS medium, sucrose, activated charcoal concentration on shoot proliferation and root formation were investigated using leaves at 6 months after seed germination. Survival rates of leaf explants were higher in dark condition than light condition and as low as lower MS medium strength. Shoot and root growth were better in quarter strength of MS medium than that of other MS media, but were not different significantly according to light condition. Survival rate accroding to activated charcoal concentration was higher in 1/4 MS medium than those of 1/2 MS and 1 MS media, but was not different significantly. In the whole treatments, the optimum sucrose concentration for shoot proliferation was over 30 g L⁻¹. Therefore, to increase the proliferation efficiency through leaf culture of sundew, it might be cultured in quarter strength of MS medium with 30 g L⁻¹ sucrose.

산전에 진단된 단일 제대동맥태아에서 동반기형 및 주산기예후에 관한 연구

박미혜(Mi Hye Park),오관영(Kwan Young Oh),양윤석(Yun Seok Yang),황인택(In Taek Hwang),박준숙(Joon Suk Park) 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.8

목적 : 산전에 진단된 단일 제대동맥태아에서 동반기형, 염색체이상 및 주산기예후를 살펴보고, 소실된 제대동맥의 위치에 따른 동반기형 및 염색체이상빈도의 차이를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 연구 방법 : 1998년 3월부터 2001년 5월까지 대전 을지대학병원 산부일과에서 산전초음파검사상 단일 제대동맥이 진단되고 추적 관찰된 쌍태아임신 1예를 포함한 30예를 내상으로 하였으며 초음파 소견 및 의무기록를 토대로 소실된 제대동맥위치, 동반기형, 염색체이상, 주간기예후를 조사하였다. 결과 : 전체 30예 중 11예 (36.7%)가 동반기형이나 염색체이상으로 임신중절을 하였고 2예 (6.7%)는 각각 무뇌수두증, 복합염색체기형으로 분만 후 사망하였다. 성별이 확인된 단일 제대동맥태아에서 남녀의 비는 1:1.6 이었다. 전체 30예 중 동반기형은 17예 (56.7%)에서 발견되었으며 심혈관계 기형 9예 (30.0%), 비뇨생식계 6예 (20.0%), 중추신경계 5예 (16.7%,), 근골격계 4예 (13.3%), 위장관계 2예 (6.7%) 및 흉벽결손 1예 (3.3%) 순이었고, 이중 7예 (23.3%)에서 한가지 장기 이상의 다발성 기형을 동반하였다염색체검사가 시행된 25예 중에서 5예 (20.0%)에서 염색체이상이 확인되었으면 염색체이상이 확인된 태아는 모두 산전 초음파검사에서 단일제대동맥 이외의 다른 장기기형이 동반되었다. 동반기형 및 염색체이상이 없는 단일 제대동맥태아는 13예였으며 이중 3예 (23.1%)에서 자궁내성장부진을 보였으며 3예 (23.1%)에서 비정상적 태위로 제왕절개술이 필요하였다. 소실된 제대동맥의 위치가 확인된 26 예중 13예 (50%)는 우측 제대동맥이, 13예 (50%)는 좌측 제대동맥의 소실을 보였고, 소실된 제대동맥위치에 따른 동반기형 및 염색체이상의 빈도차이는 보이지 않았다. 결론 : 임신중반기에 시행하는 태아기형의 초음파적 검진시 필수적으로 제대의 검진이 포함되어야 하며 만약 단일제대동맥이 확인되는 경우 동반기형 및 염색체이상의 유무를 확인하기 위한 태아심초음파를 포함한 정밀초음파검사 및 염색체검사가 시행되어야 하고, 동반기형 및 염색체이상을 동반한지 않는 단독 단일제대동맥태아에서는 임신중 자궁내 성장부진에 대한 세심한 관찰이 필요하겠다. Objective : To evaluate pattern of associated structural anomalies, abnormal karyotypes and perinatal outcomes of fetuses with prenatally diagnosed single umbilical artery and to evaluate the relation of absent side of a single umbilical artery in association with anomalies and abnormal karyotypes. Materials and Methods : 30 fetuses with a single umbilical artery were detected by prenatal ultrasound exanmination between March 1998 and June 2001 at Eul-Ii University Hospital. All medical records were reviewed for maternal demographics, associated anomalies, karyotypic analysis, pregnancy complications, and neonatal outcome. Results : Of the 30 fetuses, 11 (36.7%) were terminated because of severe anomalies and 2 (6.7%) experienced neonatal death. 17 fetuses (56.7%) bad an associated structural anomaly. The structural anomalies found in association with single umbilical artery were cardiovascularac system (9 cases, 30.0%), urogenital system (6 cases, 20.0%), central nervous system (5 case, 16.7%) and ectopia cordis (1 case, 5.9%) and 7 cases (20%) among these had multiple malformations. Karyotype analysis was availabe in 25 cases and 5 (20%) of these were chromosomally abnormal. All of the karyotypically abnormal fetuses had a structural defect diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound examination in addition to the single umbilical artery. Of 13 fetuses without any associated structural or chromosomal anomalies, 3 (23.1%) demonstrated growth restriction. Of the 26 cases identified the absent side of a single umbilical artery, the right umbilical artery was absent in 13 (50%) and the left in 13 (50%) fetuses. The frequency with associated structural and chromosomal anomalies was equal on right (53.8%; 15.4%) and left (69.2%; 15.4%) sides. Conclusion : Scanning the umbilical cord should be one of the essential parts of 2 nd trimester ultrasonographic examination. When single umbilical artery is detected, a detailed ultrasonographic examnination including fetal echocardiography and fetal karyotyping should be recommended for search of associated structural and chromosomal abnormalities. In cases where single umbilical artery is an isolated finding on prenatal ultrasound, careful attention to fetal growth is necessary.

CaCl₂ 처리시기와 농도가 넷트 멜론의 과비대 및 품질에 미치는 영향

황인택(In Taek Hwang),손동모(Dong Mo Son),한규평(Kyu Pyong Han),조명수(Myoung Soo Cho),배현석(Hyen Seok Bae) 한국원예학회 1995 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.13 No.1