한약재중의 잔류농약 분석 - GC에 의한 18종 잔류농약의 분석 -

황인숙,최병현,배청호,김명희,조해전,Hwang, In-Sook,Choi, Byung-Hyun,Bae, Chong-Ho,Kim, Myung-Hee,Cho, Hae-Jeon 한국생약학회 2001 생약학회지 Vol.32 No.3

This study was carried out to determine the 11 organochlorine, 7 organophosphorus residual pesticides in 251 crude drugs. These residual pesticides in herbal drugs were extracted with acetonitrile and the extracts were cleaned up via LC-florisil solid phase extraction column. The prepared samples were assayed for pesticide residues using GC-ECD, NPD with capillary column and identified by GC-MSD. Recoveries were $63.9{\sim}111.5%$ in the organochlorine pesticides and $69.8{\sim}92.4%$ in the organophosphorus pesticides, and detection limits were $0.001{\sim}0.65\;ppm$ in the organochlorine pesticides and $0.0009{\sim}0.0074\;ppm$ in the organophosphorus pesticides. Pesticide residues were detected in 9 cases.

국민건강영양조사에 근거한 채소류 섭취에 따른 서울시민의 잔류 농약 노출량 평가

장미라(Jang Mi-Ra),문현경(Moon Hyun-Kyung),김태랑(Kim Tae-Rang),육동현(Yuk Dong-Hyun),황인숙(Hwang In-Sook),김무상(Kim Moo-Sang),김정헌(Kim Jung-Hun),채영주(Chae Young-Zoo) 한국영양학회 2011 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.44 No.5

서울 지역에서 2007년부터 2009년까지 유통 중인 채소류에 대해 농약 잔류수준을 분석하여 검출빈도가 높은 농약을 대상으로 2008년도 국민건강영양조사 자료에서 서울시민의 채소섭취량을 산출하여 채소류 섭취에 따른 농약성분의 노출수준을 평가하였다. 1) 채소류 중 잔류농약 검출비율은 2007년 11.2% 2008년 8.6% 2009년 12.0%로 나타났으며 잔류허용기준초과비율은 2007년 4.6% 2008년 2.8% 2009년 2.1%로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 2) 서울시민과 서울시민을 제외한 한국인의 채소류 섭취량은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았으며 일일 평균 섭취량이 각각 288.12 ± 214.8 g 287.28 ± 231.6 g으로 비슷한 것으로 나타났다. 3) 농약이 검출된 37종의 채소류에 대해 서울시민의 채소류 섭취량을 산정한 결과 일일 총 채소섭취량은 182.81 g이었고 남자 191.84 g 여자 175.99 g으로 남자의 섭취량이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 성인의 경우 일일 총 채소류 섭취량은 252.36 g이었으며 성인남자는 306.43 g 성인여자는 219.78 g으로 성인남자가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 4) 농약이 검출된 채소류 섭취에 따른 다종농약 성분에 대한 성인의 위해지수는 모두 1보다 작아 채소류 섭취에 기인한 다종 농약노출의 위해는 매우 낮은 수준이며 위해지수는 2007년에 2.76E-02로 가장 높게 나타났고 2009년에는 1.69E-02로 감소하였다. 이는 채소류 중 잔류농약 허용기준초과율의 감소추세와 일치하였다. 본 연구는 채소류에만 국한된 연구이지만 잔류농약으로 인한 안전성을 확보하기 위해서는 지속적인 모니터링과 함께 신뢰성 있는 식이 섭취량 조사와 이에 따른 위해성 평가를 효과적으로 실시하여 과학적 근거를 축적하는 것이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. The characteristics of pesticide residues were examined in 18,069 samples from 91 vegetable commodities collected in Seoul from 2007 to 2009 and the vegetable dietary intakes of Seoulites were estimated using the Korea National Health and Nutrition examination survey data from 2008. The hazard index was calculated using vegetable pesticide residues and dietary vegetable intake by Seoulites. Detection rates for pesticide residues in vegetables were 11.2 % in 2007 8.6 % in 2008 and 12.0 % in 2009. Excess rate of Maximum Residue Limits tended to decline from 4.6 % in 2007 to 2.8 % in 2008 and 2.1 % in 2009.Daily vegetable intake for Seoulites was 288.12 ± 214.8 g and vegetable intake by males was more than that of females (p < 0.001). The hazard index was the highest at 2.76 * 10-2 in 2007 and the lowest at 1.69 * 10-2 in 2009. The risks caused by multiple pesticides in vegetables were very low and vegetable intake was safe considering the hazard index values.

소목(Caesalpinia sappan) 심재 추출물의 모발 염색특성 연구

황인숙 ( In Suck Hwang ),송연숙 ( Yeon Sook Song ),이근광 ( Keun Kwang Lee ) 한국미용학회 2012 한국미용학회지 Vol.18 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the hair dyeing properties of extracts developed from the heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan with hot distilled water solution and to examine the degree of coloration from application of the resulting natural dyes to discolored artificial hair. The results were as follows: The color of the C. sappan heartwood extract was found to be influenced by pH. Higher acidity generally led to a stronger yellow tint, while higher alkalinity led to a decrease in yellow coloration and a stronger reddish tint. Dyeing with the C. sappan heartwood extract resulted in a visible redness to the artificial hair, with some variation in color according to mordancy. Thus, hair treated with KAl(SO4)2·l2H2O fixative showed a deep brown color, and hair treated with FeS04·7H2O after mordant showed a color that was similar to black to the naked eye but was actually a deep celadon green. Dyeing of artificial hair with C. sappan heartwood extract was found to vary slightly according to dyeing period and pH. Shampoo fastness following C. sappan heartwood dyeing was found to vary slightly according to the performance or nonperformance of fixative treatment and the type of fixative used.

소목 (Caesalpinia sappan) 심재 추출물의 화장품 생리활성 연구

황인숙 ( In Suck Hwang ),송연숙 ( Yeon Sook Song ),이근광 ( Keun Kwang Lee ) 한국미용학회 2012 한국미용학회지 Vol.18 No.3

This study was performed to test cosmetic physiological activities of extracts extracted from the heartwood of Caesalpina sappan with hot distilled water and 70% ethanol. The results were as follows: Total polyphenol content was 77.25±0.01 mg% for the hot water extract and 36.68±0.02 mg% for the 70% ethanol extract. Total flavonoid content was 82.38±0.07 mg% for the hot water extract and 44.24±0.02 mg% for the 70% ethanol extract. DPPH electron donating ability against hot water extract was 79.58±0.05% and for the 70% ethanol extract was 46.91±0.03%. Tyrosinase inhibition activity was 60.20±0.02% for the hot water extract and 71.67±0.02% for the 70% ethanol extract. Toxicity for NIH3T3 cell strains was over 40 μg for both hot water and 70% ethanol extract, indicating increased levels of cell toxicity at the time of treatment. Antibiotic activity was extremely high for both the hot water and 70% ethanol extracts for the Gram-positive S. aureus KCCM 11593 bacterium and the Gram-negative P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 bacterium. Antibiotic activity showed a particular tendency of increase in the ethanol extract for E. coli KCCM 11234.

영적 성숙도와 진로미래관계에서 사회적 지지와 자아탄력성의 매개효과연구 -기독대학생 중심으로-

황인숙 ( In Sook Hwang ),오윤선 ( Yoon Sun Oh ) 한국복음주의상담학회 2015 복음과 상담 Vol.23 No.1

The aim of this study is to analyze and verify the effects of christian university students’ spiritual maturity on career future for the purpose of investigating the career development process of christian university students, focusing on the serial multiple mediating effects of social support and ego-resilience. In order achieve this purpose, the data were collected through a questionnaire survey and the subjects of this research are 526 christian university students. Collected data verified a hypothesis through normality test, frequency analysis, correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis, regression analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structure equation. The results of the study were as follows. First, it is found that spiritual maturity had direct positive effects on social support. ego-resilience, and career future. Second, it is revealed that spiritual maturity had influence on career future, which was partially mediated by social support. Third, it is found that spiritual maturity exercised influence on career future, which was partially mediated by ego-resilience. Lastly, spiritual maturity wielded influence on career future, which was sequentially mediated by social support and ego-resilience. Based on the finding of the study, it suggests that integrated career guidance for the promotion of social support and ego-resilience should be conducted in order to improve career future levels of christian university students.

Web 2.0 정보화 시대에 부합되는 소비자교육 교과경쟁력 강화 방안에 관한 연구

황인숙(Hwang In-Sook),박선영(Park Sun-Young) 가정과삶의질학회 2010 가정과삶의질연구 Vol.28 No.3

관능검사에 의한 김치의 품질평가방법에 관한 실태조사

황인숙(Hwang, In Sook),김영남(Kim, Young Nam) 한국생활과학회 1999 한국생활과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

알코올을 주성분으로 하는 손소독제의 안전성 연구

정선옥 ( Sun-ok Jung ),이춘영 ( Chun-yeong Lee ),류회진 ( Hoe-jin Ryu ),최희진 ( Hee-jin Choi ),김지영 ( Ji-young Kim ),최채만 ( Chae-man Choi ),황인숙 ( In-sook Hwang ),신용승 ( Yong-seung Shin ) 한국산업보건학회 2023 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.33 No.1

Objectives: In this study, the safety of alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHSs) for quasi-drugs and cosmetics was investigated by analyzing the ethanol content, which is an active ingredient with a sterilizing effect, and methanol, which is toxic. Methods: Forty-one ABHSs were purchased at large supermarkets and online stores. Ethanol quantification was performed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, and methanol quantification was performed by headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: The ethanol content of ABHS in quasi-drugs was 49.6-67.8%, which was suitable for standard manufacturing procedures for external disinfectants, and the ethanol content of ABHS in cosmetics was 9.1-61.3%. The methanol content of ABHS in quasi-drugs ranged from not detected(N.D.)-131.8 ppm, which was suitable for the methanol detection standard of ethanol raw materials in the Korean Pharmacopoeia. The methanol content of ABHS in cosmetics was 23.4-859.7 ppm, which was suitable for the detection limit of methanol in cosmetics. Conclusions: The ethanol and methanol content of ABHS was judged to be safe. When selecting an ABHS to be used for sterilization, it seems necessary to check the content of ethanol, an active ingredient, and use it according to its intended purpose.

경기도 일지역의 문제음주실태와 알코올 미충족욕구 조사연구

양재원,왕수연,황인숙,김선미,배기혜,이홍재,고영훈,Yang, Jaewon,Whang, Soo Yeon,Hwang, In-Sook,Kim, Sun-Mee,Bae, Gi-Hye,Lee, Hong-Jae,Ko, Young-Hoon 한국정신신체의학회 2013 정신신체의학 Vol.21 No.1

연구목적 본 연구는 경기도 일지역의 음주실태, 위험음주와 알코올사용장애의 정도 및 지역사회 음주정책 요구도 조사를 위해 수행되었다. 방 법 연구대상자는 경기도 안산시 거주 19세 이상 65세 미만 성인 1,000명으로 2011년 6월부터 7월까지 두 달 간 조사하였다. 조사설문지는 연구목적에 의해 구성한 사회인구학적 특성 문항, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test(AUDIT)와 Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener(CAGE) 척도, 지역사회 음주문제 해결에 대한 서비스 및 정책 요구도에 대한 문항으로 구성하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS version 18.0 통계프로그램을 이용하였다. 결 과 대상군의 평생음주율은 97.4%이고, 이들 중 21.9%가 주 2~4회 음주 빈도를 보였으며, 유해음주 빈도는 남성의 24.4%로 남성 4명 중 1명은 한 번의 좌석에서 소주 한 병 또는 맥주 4병 이상을 마시는 빈도가 주 1회 이상이었다. 음주시작 연령은 평균 20.3세이나 19세 이전에 음주를 시작하는 경우가 51.6%이었다. AUDIT 척도를 적용한 유해음주 및 알코올사용장애의 비율은 각각 14.9%, 3.3%, CAGE 척도 기준을 적용하였을 때 알코올사용장애자는 9.6%였다. 조사응답자들의 지역사회 음주문제에 대한 서비스 및 정책요구도는 예방교육(57.2%), 치료시설 연계(50.1%), 알코올상담과 개입(41.7%), 그리고 재활프로그램(39.8%) 순이었다. 결 론 본 연구결과, 경기도 도시 지역의 유해음주와 알코올사용장애 등 문제음주의 정도는 높은 비율로 나타나며, 지역주민들의 음주문제 관련 요구도와 음주시작연령에 대한 고려를 통해 효과적인 음주예방프로그램과 정책개발이 요구된다. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of drinking patterns and the prevalence of hazardous drinking and alcohol use disorder with the assessment of alcohol policy needs in community population of urban city in Korea. Methods : Data was collected from 1,000 residents in a single urban city in Korea, from June 1 to July 31, 2011 by a questionnaire. As research tools, socio-demographic characteristics composed of variables based on study purpose, alcohol problems and alcohol use disorder state scales composed with Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test(AUDIT) and Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener(CAGE), and the assessment of alcohol policy needs in community population questions were used. Results : The lifetime experience of alcohol drinking was 97.4%. For the frequency of drinking, 21.9% of population responded 2 to 4 times per weekly. 24.4% of male had one time or more high risk drinking, defined as having four or more drinks in a sitting, per week. 51.6% experienced the first time drinking of alcohol in adolescence. The lifetime prevalence of hazardous drinking and alcohol use disorder were 14.9% and 3.3%, respectively using AUDIT. Alcohol use disorder were 9.6% with the CAGE scale. Problem drinking were 8.4% in this study. They requested the program such as prevention education(57.2%), construction of liaison system to treatment facilities(50.1%), alcohol counseling and intervention(41.7%), and rehabilitation program(39.8%). Conclusions : These results demonstrate that alcohol problem and alcohol use disorder were much prevalent, and these problem started in the earlier age. It is necessary to develop an effective alcohol prevention program or policy with considering the needs in community population.

타투화장품 및 문신용 염료의 유해금속 함량 연구

김미선(Mi Sun Kim),김수언(Su Un Kim),정삼주(Sam Ju Jung),김영은(Young Eun Kim),김민정(Min Jung Kim),이명숙(Myung Sook Lee),황인숙(In Sook Hwang) 한국환경보건학회 2023 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.49 No.2

Background: Along with the increase in consumer interest in and consumption of tattoo products, the controversy over harmful heavy metals associated with the use of tattoo cosmetics is also increasing. Therefore, investigation of hazardous metals in these tattoo products is needed. Objectives: This study was performed to provide useful data for establishing reasonable standards to securely manage tattoo cosmetics, tattoo stickers, and tattoo inks distributed in the market. Methods: Thirteen kinds of hazardous metal contents (Pb, As, Cd, Sb, Ni, Co, Cu, Cr, Se, Ba, Zn, Sn, and Hg) were analyzed for 23 tattoo cosmetics, ten tattoo stickers, and 16 tattoo inks. Hg was measured through the combustion-gold amalgamation method, and other hazardous metals were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after acidic decomposition using a microwave apparatus. Results: The detected ranges of Pb, As, Cd, Sb, Ni, and Hg in tattoo cosmetics were 0.07~1.18, 0.06~0.41, ND~0.07, 0.01~3.44, 0.12~2.75, and ND~0.01 μg/g, respectively. All of the hazardous metals detected were below the recommended maximum standards of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The mean amount of Pb detected in tattoo stickers for children was 0.24 μg/kg and Cd was not detected, meaning both metals met the recommended criteria. There was no statistically significant difference in all measured metals between children’s tattoo stickers and adults’ tattoo stickers. In the results of the study on the hazardous metal content of tattoo inks, four products (25%) for Pb, one product (6%) for As, 13 products (81%) for Ni, four products (25%) for Cu, and five products (31%) for Zn exceeded the recommended standards approved by the government. The highest predicted exposure amount for hazardous metals exceeding the recommended level of tattoo inks in a single tattooing was 5.69 μg/kg for Ni, 8.51 μg/kg for Zn, 0.44 μg/kg for Pb, 8.07 μg/kg for Cu, 0.44 μg/kg for As, and 71.36 μg/kg for Ba. Conclusions: It is necessary to prepare criteria for content limitation for the management of Co, Cr, Ba and Se tattoo cosmetics, and tattoo inks require thorough quality control.