우리나라 암환자완화의료병상 공급의 지역적 불균형

황은주 ( Eun Ju Hwang ),강진아 ( Jin A Gang ),김효영 ( Hyo Yeong Kim ),최진영 ( Jin Yeong Choi ),신동욱 ( Dong Wook Shin ) 경희대학교 경영연구원 2009 의료경영학연구 Vol.3 No.1

Objective Under the second term 10 year national cancer control plan is that the Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs has been supporting hospice and palliative care for the terminal cancer patients and their families since 2005. Even though the number of care beds has doubled, it is not known whether there is a significant disparity in the access of palliative care across the regions. Methods : Palliative care beds sufficiency rates for 9 different regions were calculated by dividing the number of palliative care beds by the number of people in that area. 50 beds per 1,000,000 population was regarded as meeting the requirements, indicating 100% sufficiency rate. The inter-quartile range was used as an indicator for the magnitude of regional variations in palliative care beds supply. Results There was significant regional variation across the 9 different regions, with the range of 0% to 99.9% as of 2009. Since implementation of a support program in 2005, the median sufficiency rate has increased from 7.6% to 20.0%, however, inter-quartile range also has increased from 16.1% to 21.9%, this indicates increasing regional variations in palliative care beds supply. Conclusion : Inequality in access to hospice and palliative care is an important public health issue in terms of both meeting palliative care needs of terminal cancer patients and their families, and the efficient use of healthcare resources. Public health policies to ensure the equitable access to hospice and palliative care in every region are needed.

학습 속도 제어 기능을 가진 적응 퍼지 슬라이딩 모드 제어기 설계

황은주(Eun Ju Hwang),이희진(Heejin Lee),김은태(Euntai Kim),박민용(Mignon Park) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10

This paper is concerned with an Adaptive Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control(AFSMC) that the fuzzy systems are used to approximate the unknown functions of nonlinear system. In the adaptive fuzzy system. we adopt the adaptive Jaw to approximate the dynamics of the nonlinear plant and to adjust the parameters of AFSMC. The stability of the suggested control system is proved via Lyapunov stability theorem. and convergence and robustness properties are demonstrated. The simulation results demonstrate that the performance is improved and the system also exhibits stability.

사철쑥과 그늘쑥의 다당류 연구

황은주(Eun Ju Hwang),권학철(Hak Cheol Kwon),정칠만(Chil Man Jung),문형인(Hyung In Moon),김선여(Sun Yeou Kim),지옥표(Ok Pyo Zee),이강노(Kang Ro Lee) 대한약학회 1999 약학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Two polysaccharides, ACP-UMF and ACP-ULF, were purified from the aerial part of Artemisia capillaris by anion-exchange chromatography, ultrafiltration, and gel filtration chromatorgraphy. The polysaccharides appeared to be homogenious from the results of HPLC. The molecular weights of ACP-UMF and ACP-ULF were estimated to be 16305.92 D and 3292.23 D, respectively, by MALDI-TOF MS. The sugar compositions were determined by GC to be arabinose 10.05%, xylose 1.67%, mannose 5.45%, galactose 39.06%, glucose 15.43% for ACP-UMF and arabinose 11.60%, xylose 11.15%, mannose 6.37%, galactose 32.47%, glucose 18.35% for ACP-ULF. A polysaccharide, SP-M, was also purified from Artemisia sylvatica in the same manner as in A. capillaris. The molecular weight of SP-M was determined to be 2462.52 D by MALDI-TOF MS. SP-M consisted mainly of rhamnose 36.49%, arabinose 29.00%, and glucose 19.38%. Incubation of CCl4-intoxicated hepatocytes with ACP-UMF reduced the levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT) and cellular malondialdehyde(MDA) to 62.8% and 23.8%. ACP-ULF also reduced the levels of GPT and MDA to 46.1% and 38.1% and SP-M to 38.8% and 26.3%, respectively.

동백엽차와 화차의 세포독성 및 다제내성 극복효과

황은주(Eun-Ju Hwang),차영주(Young-Ju Cha),박민희(Min-Hee Park),이장원(Jang-Won Lee),이숙영(Sook-Young Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2004 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.33 No.3

동백나무의 생엽과 생화, 그리고 이를 재료로 제다한 단일 동백엽차ㆍ화차 및 혼합 동백차의 세포독성과 다제 내성 극복을 규명하기 위하여, 4종의 인간암세포(MCF-7, Calu-6, SNU-601, AML-2/WT)와 1종의 다제내성세포주(AML-2/D100)를 이용하여 MTT방법으로 분석하였다. 동백의 어린엽 추출물은 Calu-6(IC_(50): 79.8 ㎍/mL), SNU-601(IC_(50): 39.0 ㎍/mL)에 대해 성엽과 꽃에 비해 세포독성 효과가 높았다. 단일 동백엽차 중, 찐차는 덖음차나 화차에 비해 상당한 생육 억제효과를 보였으며, 혼합 동백차의 경우, Cahemix보다는 Catemix추출물이 MCF-7, Calu-6에 대한 IC_(50) = 100 ㎍/mL 이하의 낮은 농도에서 세포 증식억제 및 사멸 효과가 현저히 상승됨을 보여주었다. 특히 Catemix-2를 첨가하였을 때 MCF-7과 Calu-6 암세포에서 IC_(50)값이 각각 75.3과 74.6으로 높은 억제효과를 나타내었다. 시료에 대하여 감수성 세포인 AML-2/WT에 대하여 세포독성을 측정하여 감수성 세포에 비하여 내성세포에 대하여 선택적 세포독성 여부를 관찰한 결과, 대체적으로 IC_(50)의 차이가 없거나 내성세포의 IC_(50)이 높게 나타내어 그다지 선택적 세포독성을 나타내지 않는 것으로 보인다. 혼합 동백차의 경우, 내성세포에 대한 선택적 세포독성은 Catemix-2(녹차와 동백엽의 덖음차의 혼합)와 Catemix-3(녹차와 동백화차의 혼합)에서 0.9로 다소 효과를 보였으며, 내성 극복 효과는 Cahemix-1(CR: 1.7)에서 높게 관찰되었다. This study has been undertaken to increase availability of native camellia in Jeonnam as a medicinal resource and to isolate the effective components from them. Fresh leaf and flower of camellia, single camellia tea and camellia tea mixed with green tea, herbs were screened for cytotoxicity on MCF-7 (human breast adenocar-cinoma pleual effusion), Calu-6 (human pulmonary carcinoma), SNU-601 (human gastric carcinoma) cells. Also their multidrug-resistance reversing activity were evaluated using drug sensitive AML-2/WT and multidrug-resistant AML-2/D100 cells. Among the camellia extracts, young leaf and camellia tea mixed with green tea had strong growth inhibitory effects in below 100 ㎍/mL against human cancer cells. In result, young leaf showed the strongest inhibitory effects on MCF-7 (IC_(50) = 100 ㎍/mL↑), Calu-6 (IC_(50) = 79 ㎍/mL), and SNU-601 (IC_(50) = 39 ㎍/mL), and AML-2/WT (IC_(50) = 64 ㎍/mL). Chemosensitizing effect was the extracts of mature leaf (IC_(50) = 97 ㎍/mL, RF=3.0), roasted tea (IC_(50) = 6 ㎍/mL, RF = 2.6↑) and steam tea (IC_(50) = 70 ㎍/mL, RF=2.8↑) strongly potentiate vincristine cytotoxicity in AML-2/D100 cells. But their cytotoxicities to both sensitive AML-2/WT and resistant AML-2/D100 cells were in the same order of magnitude. This results indicate that crude extracts of camellia mature leaves would contain some principles which have chemosensitizing activity.

고주파 자궁근종용해술 후 만삭 초기 분만진통 중 발생한 자연자궁파열

황은주 ( Eun Ju Hwang ),김선민 ( Sun Min Kim ),전종관 ( Jong Kwan Jun ) 대한산부인과학회 2010 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.53 No.8

Spontaneous uterine rupture is a rare occurrence, but a catastrophic obstetric complication, associated with high rates of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Clinicians should make a prompt diagnosis and management in patients presenting with acute abdominal pain, hypovolemic shock, and fetal compromise. We present a case of spontaneous complete rupture of uterus during early labor in term pregnancy after laparoscopic radiofrequency myolysis.

임신 제 3 분기까지 진행된 비교통성 흔적자궁각 임신 1 예

황경주(Kyung Joo Hwang),양정인(Jeong In Yang),오기석(Kie Suk Oh),김행수(Haeng Soo Kim),안은주(Eun Joo Ahn),양성천(Seong Cheon Yang),이은주(Eun Ju Lee),주희재(Hee Jae Joo) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.1

The uterus with rudimentary horn occurs as a result of a lack of development during fetal life of the middle and lower parts of one of the Miillerian ducts, in which there is a failure of fusion of the two ducts, The incidence of this uterine anomaly is rare. Many cases of rudimentary uterine horn are not discovered since they do not become involved in a pregnancy, and thus remain symptomless and uncomplicated, and the diagnosis usually being made only with pregnancy with rupture. In this presentation, we describe a case of diagnosis and management of unruptured non-communicating rudimentary uterine horn pregnancy at the third trimester. The patient diagnosed by ultrasonography and MRI, was hospitalized for further evaluation and delivery under the impression of unruptured non-communicating rudimentary horn pregnancy. A living male infant weighing 1,930 gm was delivered by cesarean section at 33+l weeks due to impending preterm labor. Some articles concerned this subject were reviewed briefly to discuss relevant method of diagnosis, treatment, and clinical characteristics.

조선 후기 고소설 연행과「임경업전」

황은주(Hwang Eun Ju) 동악어문학회 2009 동악어문학 Vol.53 No.-

18세기에 종로의 한 담배가게에서 소설 「임경업전」을 읽어주던 사람이 살해당한 사건이 발생했다. 이 사건은 조선왕조실록에서도 언급될 만큼 당대 큰 파장을 일으켰다. 이 사건은 당대 유학자들이 지적했던, ‘소설은 사람의 마음을 움직인다’는 점을 여실히 보여주는 예라 할 수 있다. ‘진실에 바탕을 둔 허구를 꾸미되 인정세태(人情世態)를 극진히 표현’한 소설은 독자가 작중 인물에 쉽게 감정이입하게 만들며, 극대화된 감정이입 상태에 있던 「임경업전」의 독자(청중)는 주인공의 억울함을 해결하기 위해 직접 나선 것이다. 이 점을 바탕으로 이 글에서는 「임경업전」이라는 소설 작품과 ‘공공의 공간에서 함께 책 읽기’라는 독서 방식이 청중의 반응을 어떻게 이끌어내는지를 살폈다. 소설 「임경업전」으로 인한 살인사건은 청에 대한 민중의 적대감, 임경업 복권이라는 정치적 움직임, 성실하고 선정을 베풀었던 임경업에 대한 민중의 흠모, 실존 인물을 소설화한 「임경업전」에서 영웅의 비극적 결말, 소설 「임경업전」을 향유한 방식 등이 복합적으로 작용하여 발생한 사건이다. 많은 인기를 끌었던 대부분의 영웅소설들과 달리, 영웅의 억울한 죽음으로 끝나는 「임경업전」의 결말은 소설 향유자들에게 익숙한 것이 아니었다. 게다가 「임경업전」은 역사적 실존인물을 소설화한 작품으로 주인공이 허구의 세계에만 존재하는 인물이 아니었다. 따라서 「임경업전」 향유자들이 느끼는 허구 세계와 현실 세계의 거리는 훨씬 더 밀착되어 있었다. 이 같은 작품을 ‘함께’ 읽고 듣는 상황에서 연행자와 청중은 ‘집단’으로 일체화된다. 특히 연행자의 실감나는 연행과 더불어 ‘공동의 독서, 구술로 듣는 독서’라는 소설 향유 방식은 독자(청중)의 정서와 반응을 개인의 차원만이 아니라 집단의 반응으로 표현하게 만든다. 연행자를 살해하는 행위는 표면적으로는 개인의 행동이지만 함께 소설을 들은 집단의 행동이라 할 수 있다. 연행자의 뛰어난 연행기술을 따라 청중은 작품에 점점 몰입하게 되며, 청중의 적극적인 연행 참여에 따라 연행자는 점점 더 작중 인물에 가깝게 된다. 간신이 영웅을 죽이는 대목에 이르게 되면 연행자는 영웅을 죽음에 몰아넣은 인물이 되어 청중에 의해 보복을 당하게 된 것이다. 실존 인물을 소설화했다는 점, 다른 영웅소설과 상반되는 결말을 가지고 있다는 점에서 「임경업전」은 고소설 가운데 독특한 특성을 지니고 있다. 특히 시정의 거리라는 공공장소에서 ‘함께 읽고 들은’ 연행은 18세기 고소설의 향유 방식을 구체적으로 보여주는 예라 할 수 있다. A murder took place in a cigar store at Jongno in 18th century. The outline of the case was as follows. A man reading the novel was killed by a man listening to it. The novel was 「Im Gyoung Up Jeon(林慶業傳)」, and when the plot came to the point that the hero Im Gyoung Up was frustrated and was killed by the political opponent Kim Ja Jeom, the listening man stabbed the reading man with a knife. This case stirred up Joseon society enough to put on record in a true record of the Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮王朝實錄). In this case, we are able to form an idea of oral performance of classical novel and group's enjoying Novel. Especially from three elements, a reading man, people listening together and a public place, we can search how performance of classical novel carried out. From many records with reference to novel performance, we can guess that it was realistic enough not to perceive a difference between actuality and fiction. Reading together and orally in a public space have the group share ideas in the book, the group's emotion and the reaction to it. With the realistic performance of the reading man, the form of enjoying novels, ‘reading and listening novel together through oral’, caused the listening man to kill him. Moreover, the novel which is fictitious and cordially expresses a human nature and social condition makes the reader to easily empathize with people in work. The reader(audience) in the extreme empathy condition is to come out in order to solve the unfairness of the hero. 「Im Gyoung Up Jeon(林慶業傳)」 is the work fictionalizing the historical existence person and Im Gyoung Up was not the hero which existed in only the world of fiction. Consequently, the distance of the fictitious world and the actual world is far more adhering closely and the novel didn't stay in the made story. In the situation which one group read and listened this novel ‘together’, the reaction of the audience became all ‘in the group’, the man reading novel became the person which pushes the hero in crisis and finally met a retaliation. 「Im Gyoung Up Jeon(林慶業傳)」 is unique from the point that it fictionalizes the existence person and its end is contrary with ad different heroic fiction. Especially, the performance of reading and listening together in public space is a representative example that showed enjoying method of classic novel concretely.

경옥고가미방 추출물이 생쥐의 양모 및 발모 관련 단백 발현에 미치는 영향

도은주 ( Eun Ju Do ),황미열 ( Mee Yul Hwang ),김승연 ( Seung Yeon Kim ),이진상 ( Jin Sang Lee ),양대석 ( Dae Seok Yang ),양재하 ( Chae Ha Yang ),김미려 ( Mi Ryeo Kim ) 대한본초학회 2011 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

Objective: Present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Gyungohkgo-gamibang extract on hair growth and protein expression in an alopecia model of C57BL/6 mice. Methods: Mice were divided into 3 experimental groups including normal (vehicle), Gyungohkgo-gamibang extract (YNS-10) and 5% minoxidil-treated group. The test materials were daily applied with 0.1 ml per mouse on shaved dorsal skin for 3 weeks. The hair growth was monitored by photograph at 5, 10, 15, 21 days after topical application. Then the changes of hair density and hair thickness in the hair-removed area were evaluated by phototrichogram using folliscope. Also the expression level of growth factors related to hair growth was measured by western blotting. Results: Application of minoxidil or YNS-10 stimulated the hair growth compared to vehicle treatment. Therefore hair density of minoxidil or YNS-10 application was increased about 200% and 210% more than in vehicle application on 14 day, respectively. And hair thickness of both minoxidil group and YNS-10 group was increased about 220% and 210 % more than in vehicle spreading on 14 day, respectively. Futhermore the protein expression of IGF-1 and VEGF were significantly up-regulated on 7 day in YNS-10 and minoxidil-spreaded group compared to vehicle-applied group. Conclusion: These data suggest that YNS-10 has potent stimulating activity on hair growth in C57BL/6 mice and potential usefulness as ingredients of hair tonic and hairrestore.

매티슨의 『줄어드는 남자』에 나타난 1950년대 남성성의 위기와 상상적 해결

황은주 ( Eun Ju Hwang ) 미국소설학회(구 한국호손학회) 2014 미국소설 Vol.21 No.2

This essay illustrates how the unique narrative structure of Richard Matheson`s The Shrinking Man reflects the confusion, anxiety, and fear of what William Whyte Jr. referred to as the “organization man.” According to this concept, men in the 1950s were guided by two oppositional ethics?the “protestant,” individualistic ethic and the “social,” group-oriented ethic. While the protestant tradition still valorized the myth of the self-made man, conformity dictated their everyday lives. Man had to prove his masculinity through financial success, but at the same time they were expected to be family-oriented, kind, and understanding?to have traditionally “feminine” qualities. The Shrinking Man is Matheson`s sarcastic but not unsympathetic commentary on the organization man`s attempt to find imaginary solutions to his perceived masculinity in crisis. In the first part of the essay, the double structure of the novel?a narrative of the past, from week 1 to week 64, and a narrative of the present, the week 72?is examined in relation to these separate spaces. The narrative of the past shows Scott`s conformist life on the surface, while the narrative of the present reveals his subterranean life where he fulfills his individualistic, masculine dream. The structure helps the novel keep its distance from Scott Carey`s “heroic” achievement in the basement and underlines the irony in his reclaimed masculinity, which is considered in the second part of the essay.

한약재 혼합추출물이 생쥐 탈모 모델의 모발성장 촉진에 미치는 영향

황미열 ( Mee Yul Hwang ),도은주 ( Eun Ju Do ),정금희 ( Geum Hee Jung ),김미려 ( Mi Ryeo Kim ) 한약응용학회 2014 한약응용학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Objective:This study was performed to examine the effect of mixed medicinal herbal extract including Lespedeza bicolor Turcz. and 18 others (CS-10-H) on hair growth in an alopecia model of C57BL/6 mice. Methods:Male mice were divided into 3 experimental groups for treatment of CS-10-H or 5% minoxidil or vehicle solution, respectively. Dorsal skin of animals were shaved and topically applied with an amount of 200 μL of test materials once a day for 3 weeks. The apparent hair growth was monitored at 5, 10, 15 and 21 days after topical application. The changes of hair density and hair thickness were evaluated by phototrichogram using folliscope. Protein expression levels of hair growth-related factors were measured by western blotting. Results:Application of minoxidil or CS-10-H stimulated the hair growth compared to vehicle treatment. Hair density of minoxidil and CS-10-H group was increased about 206% and 208% on 14 day compared to that of vehicle group, respectively. Hair thickness of minoxidil and CS-10-H group was also increased about 220 % and 200% on 14 day compared to that of vehicle group. The protein expression of hair growth factors, IGF-1 and VEGF was significantly up-regulated in CS-10-H and minoxidil group than in vehicle treated group. Conclusion:These data suggest that CS-10-H shows potential usefulness as ingredients of hair tonic and hair-restorer for development of cosmetics and quasi-drugs, as result of its potent stimulating activity on hair growth in C57BL/6 alopecia model.