형사절차상 유전자정보의 관리 및 활용방안

황만성(Hwang Man-Seong),이숭덕(Lee Sung-Duk) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2006 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

보험범죄의 형벌 적정화방안

황만성(Hwang Man-Seong) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2006 형사정책연구 Vol.68 No.-

형법상 사기죄 관련규정의 제ㆍ개정방안

황만성(Hwang Man-Seong) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2009 형사정책연구 Vol.77 No.-

의료인과 환자간의 갈등해소를 위한 법적ㆍ제도적 방안

황만성(Hwang Man-Seong) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2005 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

허위진단서작성과 진료기록 허위기재의 법적 문제

황만성 ( Man Seong Hwang ) 한양대학교 법학연구소 2011 법학논총 Vol.28 No.1

Medical certificate, post-mortem examination or certificate guarantee its authenticity of the content through the article 233 of the criminal act. The article 233 of the Criminal Act(the crime of issuance of falsified medical certificates) states that if a medical or herb doctor, dentist or midwife prepares false medical certificate, post-mortem examination or certificate life or death, one shall be punished by imprisonment or imprisonment without prison labor for not more than three years, suspension of qualifications for not more than seven years, or a fine not exceeding thirty million won. To constitute the crime of issuance of falsified medical certificates, it is necessary for the contents of the certificate to be substantially contrary to the truth, as well as it is needed the subjective perception that the contents of the certificate are false. On the other hand, the failure of correct and detailed writing on the medical examination record is subject to criminal conviction due to the breach of the article 22 (1) of the medical act. On the article 22 (1) of the medical act, whether the false writing on the medical examination record shall be punished or not is vague. The Supreme Court Decision 2004DO3360 Delivered on March 23, 2006 declared that although the accused did not MRI scan, etc. for precise observation about the disability status of patient, it was difficult to believe that the contents of the Disability Certificate of this case were contrary to the objective truth or the defendant had perception that the contents of the certificate were false. It should be distinguished between the need of punishment and being punished by the existing law. The principle "nulla poena nullum crimen cine lege" is the basic principle of the Constitution law and the Criminal Act, so it is strictly observed.

유전자감식정보의 형사절차상 활용방안

황만성(Hwang Man-Seong) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2007 형사정책연구 Vol.69 No.-

착상전 유전자진단의 활용과 형사책임

황만성(Hwang Man-Seong) 한국법학회 2007 법학연구 Vol.28 No.-

인간 게놈지도 완성을 비롯한 유전자 기술의 눈부신 발전은 당뇨병, 암, 고혈압 등과 같은 질병에 대한 새로운 의학적 치료법의 개발로 인류에게 큰 혜택을 가져다 줄 것으로 예상되는 것과 더불어 유전자기술의 발달에 따른 다양한 위험에 대한 불안도 야기시키고 있다. 유전자해석 연구에서도 연구의 자유는 무제한으로 보장되는 것이 아니라, 모든 기본권의 핵심적인 가치인 인간의 존엄성을 존중해야 한다는 한계가 있다. 일반적으로 인간의 존엄성을 논할 때 가장 많이 인용되는 것은 소위 칸트의 공식이다. 인간이 ‘목적’으로서가 아니라‘단지 수단으로서’ 다루어질 때 인간의 존엄성이 침해된다는 칸트의 공식은 여전히 중요한 기능을 한다고 보인다. 인간의 존엄은 우리 사회에 거의 일반적으로 승인된 마지막 가치중의 하나이며, 칸트의 공식은 인간의 존엄에 대한 침해를 평가하는 최소한의 기준이라는 점에서 중요한 의미를 가지는 것이다. 헌법적 인간상은 진화를 위 한 인간의 어떤 연구도 금지하는 것은 아니다. 그러나 연구를 통하여 헌법적으로 보호되는 근본가치가 침해된다면 그 연구에는 일정한 한계가 부여되어야 할 것이다. 인간존엄의 보호영역을 침해하는 연구의 자유는 반드시 제한되어야 하며, 그 자유의 구체적 한계설정을 위하여 헌법 제10조의 보호영역을 확정하는 것이 매우 중요한 의미를 가진다. 착상전 유전자 진단(Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis: PGD)이란 체외수정을 통해 생성된 배아를 자궁에 임신을 목적으로 하는 착상을 시키기 전에 그 유전적 결함을 알아내기 위해 행해지는 최근의 기술을 말한다. 착상전유전자 진단은 심각한 유전적 질환을 가진 아이에 대한 위험을 피하기 위한 출생전 진단과 임신중절을 대체할 수 있는 기술로 개발되었다. 이러한 착상전유전자 진단의 허용여부에 관하여는 많은 논란이 전개되고 있다. 착상전 유전자 진단이 유전적 질병을 예방하기 위한 수단이 아닌 일정한 유전적 특성이 있는 배아를 선별하는 수단으로 사용되는 것은 금지되어야 하겠지만, 유전적 질병을 예방하기 위한 목적의 착상전 유전자 진단은 부모의 생식에 관한 자기결정권, 행복추구권 및 유전적 적응사유에 의한 낙태의 허용성 등을 고려할 때 허용될 수 있는 행위라고 여겨진다. 다만 허용의 기준은 엄격하게 만들어지고 적용되어야 할 것이다. Freedom of research is not guaranteed to be unlimited in genome research. The dignity of mankind, which is the core of all fundamental rights, must be respected. Kant's statement that the dignity of mankind is infringed upon when humans are not the end but the means to an end has been contended as a guiding principle as to assessing whether human rights are being violated, but it is difficult to draw a solution to these problems from Kant's statement. Therefore the inalienable rights must be examined in detail. Since the core and purpose of Article 10 of the Constitution of the Republic of Korea is the subjective protection of self-regulation, purposefulness, and responsibility of humans, the specific details of basic rights concerning dignity and value of humans must include provisions to secure these characteristics. Meanwhile, genome research must also ffilow the general fundamental principles of medical research. Research on humans must fallow the general rules mandated in the Nuremburg Principle, the Belmont Report. the World Medical Association Declaration. and the UNESCO Declaration. and any research that violates the rules will be subject to criticism. Currently voluntary consent by subjects is a necessary condition in all medical research on humans. Due to characteristics of genetic information that will be disclosed through genome research. a person's genetic information must be thoroughly protected. A systematic policy is necessary to prevent the government or nation from using a person's genetic information improperly, and a way to prevent unreasonable discrimination due to genetic information must be discussed. Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis G'Gfi). which uses an embryo's genetic information. must not be used to determine an embryo's gender or to choose a superior embryo, but it may be used to prevent a hereditary disease when parents' decisive power over procreation, their right to pursue happiness, and sanction of abortion due to genetic adaptation reasons. are taken into account. However, the criteria of approval must be strictly fixed and applied. Genome research is bound by the fundamental value of dignity of mankind. and even specific research must secure legitimacy that abides by general research principles for the sake of formalities. Since there is a limit to preventing the violation of the dignity of mankind with reference to a researcher's morals and ethics, a strict legal regulation that goes beyond voluntary discipline will be necessary.

DNA증거의 증거능력

황만성(Hwang, Man-Seong) 한국형사정책학회 2012 刑事政策 Vol.24 No.1

As criminal investigation utilizing scientific theories and techniques continues to develop, criminal trials are more dependent on forensic evidence. One of the key points in crime scene investigation is to ensure the procedural integrity by maintaining and documenting the chronological history of the evidence. Damage to the evidence most frequently occurs during the transition between the crime scene and the laboratory. The chain of custody should be maintained from the moment of collection at the crime scene to the moment of presentation at the court to avoid evidentiary issues. To ensure the admissibility of evidence, the police should confirm the procedural integrity of the evidence by showing that the physical evidence is collected at the crime scene, that the evidence is relevant to the crime at issue, and that no fabrication or contamination has occurred from the crime scene to the court. In the "2007no88"case, the Appeal Court denied the chain of custody. The suggests to maintain the chain of custody and to ensure the procedural integrity are as below. It is needed (1) to build up consistent and reasonable standard to review the validity of scientific methods in everyday trials; (2) to establish research culture in Korea for the purpose of securing the accuracy and objectivity of forensic evidence; (3) to accentuate the experts' roles in setting forth the standard to test scientific validity and error rates, (and thus) boosting peer review, providing education programs and guidelines for lab analysts, and supplying courts with precise information on forensic evidence.

마약류 사범 치료재활을 위한 형사사법체계와 보건의료체계의 협력활성화 방안

황만성(Hwang Man-Seong),한동운(Han Dong-Woon) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2005 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

형사절차에 있어서 치료적 사법의 도입에 관한 연구

황만성(Hwang, Man-Seong) 한양법학회 2014 漢陽法學 Vol.25 No.2

This study`s aims are to study therapeutic justice model, which is being developed by therapeutic jurisprudence and problem-solving courts, as a model for criminal justice reform in Korea. Therapeutic jurisprudence suggests that these positive and negative consequences be studied with the tools of the behavioral sciences, and that law be reformed to minimize anti-therapeutic consequences and to facilitate achievement of therapeutic ones. Problem-solving courts(drug court, mental health courts, domestic violence court, community court) focus on solving the underlying problems of offenders, victims or communities. In criminal sentencing, therapeutic justice propose reforms in the role of judges in criminal proceedings. Moreover, for the judicial reform, the orientation of therapeutic justice can be considered. Problem-solving courts would be in question as a specialized court for realizing the idea of therapeutic jurisprudence in the process of criminal justice. Those programmes of problem-solving court are mainly implemented in the US, and the practice of drug court and civil commitment for sex offenders are worth researching. This article also review the possibility of their introduction into Korean court system, particularly focusing on the debate about the philosophy and legal doctrine of problem-solving courts.