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Droop Control을 이용한 3상 4선식 UPS의 병렬운전
김현섭(Hyunseob Kim),한정호(Jungho Han),송중호(Joong-Ho Song) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2013 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.27 No.4
A new droop control method which can be applied to 3-phase 4-wire uninterruptible power supply is proposed in this paper. The droop control method for parallel operation is very attractive one as UPS parallel operation can be carried out without any data communication devices provided among UPS systems connected, but it reportedly shows a PnP(plug-and-play) problem. A basic reason why a circulating current could flow among parallel-connected UPS systems is clearly investigated as well when droop-controlled-ups systems are operated in the manner of PnP. The proposed algorithm is deduced from the investigated result and is basically structured to keep a balanced frequency and balanced voltage profile against power variation. This paper shows that balanced parallel operation of droop control method can be obtained under unbalanced load as well as balanced load conditions when PnP operation is needed and load change occurs.
토크예측제어를 이용한 매입형 영구자석 동기전동기의 토크리플저감기법
김현섭(Hyunseob Kim),한정호(Jungho Han),송중호(Joong-Ho Song) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2013 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.27 No.2
In this paper, a new torque predictive control method of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor is developed based on an extended rotor flux. Also, a duty ratio prediction method is proposed and allows the duty ratio of the active stator voltage vector to be continuously calculated. The proposed method makes it possible to relatively reduce the torque ripple under the steady state as well as to remain the good dynamic response in the transient state. With the duty ratio prediction method, the magnitude and time interval of the active stator voltage vector applied can be continuously controlled against the varying operation conditions. This paper shows a comparative study among the switching table direct torque control(DTC), the SVM-DTC, conventional torque predictive control, and the proposed torque predictive control. Simulation results show validity and effectiveness of this work.
흰쥐 결장운동에서 5-Hydroxytryptamine4 (5-HT4) Receptor Partial Agonist (Tegaserod)의 작용기전
김미성 ( Mi Sung Kim ),고병성 ( Byeong Seong Ko ),오석진 ( Seok Jin Oh ),한정호 ( Joung Ho Han ),전원중 ( Won Joong Jeon ),채희복 ( Hee Bok Chae ),박선미 ( Seon Mee Park ),윤세진 ( Sei Jin Youn ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2008 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.14 No.1
목적 : 5-Hydroxytrypatmine4 (5-HT4) 수용체의 부분적 촉진제인 테가세로드(Tegaserod, Tega)는 연동반사를 자극하고 개의 소장 및 대장의 운동성과 통과를 촉진하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 흰쥐에서 혈류와 장내 신경이 온전히 유지된 채 결장을 분리한 실험모델을 사용하여 Tega가 결장운동에 미치는 영향 및 작용기전에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 상장간막 동맥을 포함하여 분리한 흰쥐 결장에서 Tega 10, 70, 140과 1400 pM을 단계적으로 동맥에 투여하여 근위부와 원위부 결장내압을 측정하였다. 운동성은 각 농도별 운동지수를 계산하여 기저치의 운동지수에 대한 %변화인 수축반응으로 표시하였다. 이후 억제 유무를 알아보기 위하여 근위부와 원위부에 각각 140 pM의 Tega 를 투여하였을 때와 비교하였고 phentolamine, propranolol, hexamethonium, atropine (ATR)과 tetrodotoxin (TTX)를 각각 전처치 후 Tega를 함께 관류시켜 운동성 변화를 측정하였다. 결과 : Tega를 10, 70, 140, 1400 pM의 다양한 농도로 각각 주입하였을 때 근위부 결장에서 수축반응은 각각 40±20.17, 101±92.43, 122±120.57, 101±89.05%, 원위부 결장에서 수축반응은 각각 20±22.05, 73±41.47, 93±75.45, 73±54.91%로 근위부 및 원위부 결장 모두 기저기의 결장운동과 비교시 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 근위부와 원위부를 비교하였을 때 근위부에서 원위부보다 운동지수의 증가가 더 강력하였다. 또한 특히 원위부에서는 10 pM에서 140 pM까지 농도-의존적인 운동지수의 증가가 관찰되었다. (p<0.05). Tega에 의한 결장운동 증가효과는 ATR에 의해 억제 되었으나 TTX, propranolol, phentolamine과 hexamethonium의 전처치 후에는 억제되지 않았다. 결론 : Tega는 근위부 및 원위부 결장 운동을 증가시켰으며 이러한 작용은 TTX-민감성 신경전도와 관련 없이 직접 국소적 콜린동작성 무스카린 수용체를 통해 작용할 것으로 판단된다. Backgrounds/Aim: A 5-Hydroxytrypatmine4 (5-HT4) partial agonist, Tegaserod (Tega), stimulated the peristaltic reflex in vitro and increases canine intestinal and colonic motility and transit. The objectives of this study were to investigate the action mechanism of Tega on colonic motility using a vascularly perfused rat colon. Methods: Thirty three Sprague-Dawley rat colons with attached superior mesenteric arteries (SMA) were isolated. Tega was administered to SMA and the intraluminal pressures were monitored in the proximal and distal colon of them. Phentolamine, propranolol, hexamethonium, atropine (ATR) or tetrodotoxin (TTX), 140 of pM Tega administered and the pressures were monitored. Results: Contractile responses were increased significantly by Tega at concentrations of 10, 70, 140 and 1400 pM in the proximal colon (40±20.17, 101±92.43, 122±120.57 and 101±89.05%, respectively) and in the distal colon (20±22.05, 73±41.47, 93±75.45 and 73±54.91%, respectively)(p<0.05). In particular, the stimulating effects of Tega on colonic motility were more potent in the proximal colon than in the distal colon. In addition the motility of the distal colon was increased by Tega in a concentration-dependent manner at concentrations of 10, 70 and 140 pM (P<0.05). The effect of Tega was inhibited by ATR but not by other drugs in the proximal and distal colon. Conclusions: Tega increased colonic motility in vascularly perfused rat colon. The activation of the muscarinic receptor rather than by TTX-senstive nerve conduction might be responsible for the excitatory effect of Tega on colonic motility in rats.
제 1기 비소세포폐암 환자에서 p53 과발현과 예후의 관계
엄상원 ( Sang Won Um ),김호중 ( Ho Joong Kim ),권오정 ( O Jung Kwon ),한정호 ( Joung Ho Han ),심영목 ( Young Mog Shim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2008 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.65 No.6
연구배경: p53 유전자의 돌연변이가 모든 조직형의 폐암에서 가장 흔한 유전적 이상으로 알려져 있다. 이전의 연구에도 불구하고, 폐암 조직에서 p53 단백질의 과발현과 생존과의 관계에 대해서는 아직도 논란이 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 수술로 절제한 병리학적 병기 1기인 비소세포폐암 환자에서 p53 단백질 과발현과 관련된 임상적 특징을 평가하고, p53 단백질 과발현과 예후와의 관계를 평가하는 것이다. 방법: 본 연구는 삼성서울병원에서 2003년 1월부터 2004년 6월까지 폐암으로 치료 받은 환자 중 병리학적 병기 제 1기의 비소세포폐암 환자를 대상으로 한 후향적 연구이다. 폐암 환자의 종양 조직을 이용하여 p53 단백질에 대한 면역조직화학 염색이 시행되었다. 성별, 연령, 흡연력, 조직형 및 병기 등의 임상적 특징들에 따른 p53 과발현 여부를 단변량 및 다변량 분석으로 평가하였다. 한편, p53의 과발현 여부에 따른 DFS, DSS 및 OS은 Kaplan-Meier 방법으로 평가하였고, 군간 비교는 log-rank test를 이용하였다. 결과: 125명의 연구 대상 환자에서 p53 면역 염색양성 종양 세포 빈도의 중앙값은 10%였다. 편평세포암에서 p53 과발현(≥10%)의 빈도가 66%로 선암의 38%보다 통계적으로 유의하게 증가되어 있었다(p=0.002). 병리학적 병기가 IB인 경우 p53 과발현의 빈도가 59%로 IA의 38%보다 증가되어 있었다(p=0.024). 흡연의 기간은 p53이 과발현 된 경우(27년)에 그렇지 않은 경우(20년)보다 통계적으로 유의하게 길었다(p=0.032). 25갑년 이상의 흡연력도 p53이 과발현 된 경우(58%)에 그렇지 않은 경우(38%)보다 더 흔하게 관찰되었다(p=0.024). 다변량 분석에서 p53 과발현과 관련된 인자는 편평세포암의 조직형뿐인 것으로 평가 되었다(p=0.002). 한편, p53 과발현 여부에 따른 DFS, DSS 및 OS의 차이는 없었으며, 편평세포암과 선암의 세부 군 분석에서도 생존의 차이는 없었다. 결론: 수술로 절제한 제 1기 비소세포폐암 조직에서 면역조직화학 염색으로 평가한 p53 과발현은 조직형, 병기 및 흡연력과 관련이 있었고, 다변량 분석에서 조직형만이 p53 과발현과 관련된 독립적 인자였다. 하지만, p53 과발현과 환자의 생존과는 관련이 없었다. Background: Chromosome 17p allele losses and mutations of p53 gene are the most common genetic abnormalities in lung cancer. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the factors associated with p53 protein overexpression and to evaluate its prognostic value in patients with pathologic stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: This is a retrospective review for the patients who underwent surgical resection at Samsung Medical Center between Jan 2003 and Jun 2004. Immunohistochemical staining for p53 protein was performed on tumor tissues from patients with lung cancer. The p53 overexpression was evaluated in relation to age, sex, smoking history, histology and pathologic stage by univariate and multivariate analyses. The disease-free survival (DFS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier methods and the differences in DFS, DSS and OS were assessed by using the log-rank tests. Results: A total of 125 patients were included in the analysis and a median frequency of p53 expression in tumor tissue was 10%. The p53 overexpression (≥10%) was more common in squamous cell carcinoma (66%) than in adenocarcinoma (38%, p=0.002). The p53 overexpression was more common in pathologic stage IB (59%) than in IA (38%, p=0.002). Patients with p53-overexpressing tumor (27 years) smoked more years compared with those without it (20 years, p=0.032). Smoking history ≥25 pack-years was more common in patients with p53 overexpression (58%) than in those without it (38%, p=0.024). In the multivariate analysis, only histology was significantly associated with p53 overexpression. However, there were no significant differences of DFS, DSS and OS in relation to p53 status. Conclusion: The p53 overexpression was associated with histology, pathologic stage and smoking history in patients with pathologic stage I NSCLC. However, the p53 overexpression was not associated with patient`s survival. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2008;65:487-494)
강우헌,안병훈,정만표,김호중,권오정,이종헌,김진국,한정호,이경수,Kang, Woo-Heon,Ahn, Byung-Hoon,Chung, Man-Pyo,Kim, Ho-Joong,Kwon, O-Jung,Rhee, Chong-H.,Kim, Jhin-Gook,Han, Jung-Ho,Lee, Kyung-Soo 대한결핵및호흡기학회 1998 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.45 No.1
We report a rare case of primary tracheal malignent melanoma documented by careful clinical examination. Differentiation between primary and metastatic malignant melanoma is very difficult We conclude that this tracheal tumor is a primary malignant melanoma based on characteristic pathologic features and the exclusion of the possibility of spontaneous regression of the primary site by patient's history and physical examination.
기관지내 신경집종 2예 및 국내에서 보고된 증례에 대한 조사
권용수 ( Yong Soo Kwon ),고원중 ( Won Jung Koh ),김호중 ( Ho Joong Kim ),한정호 ( Joung Ho Han ),이경수 ( Kyung Soo Lee ),심영목 ( Young Mok Shim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2007 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.62 No.2
Neurilemmomas are benign tumors that originate from Schwann cells. These tumors rarely occur in the trachea or bronchus. Although small peripheral lesions cause no symptoms, they usually cause dyspnea, cough, wheeze, and atelectasis. We encountered two cases of endobronchial neurilemmoma, and reviewed 10 cases previously reported in Korea in order to clarify the characteristics of this disease, and to determine the appropriate treatment. The median age of the 12 patients reviewed were 36.5 (range 16-75). Cough and dyspnea were the most common initial symptoms (40%), and two cases had no symptoms. Regarding the diagnostic methods, bronchoscopic biopsy was found to be inadequate for diagnosis in two cases. A review of the cases revealed the following teatments: bronchoscopic removal in two cases, surgery in six cases, and combined bronchoscopic removal and surgery in one case. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2007; 62: 129-133)