흰쥐에서 출생후 고환 간질세포의 발생

태현진,이여광,박병용,박영재,최은영,이영훈,안동춘,강형섭,박상열,박수현,이존화,양홍현,김인식,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Li, Li-Guang,Park, Byung-Yong,Park, Young-Jae,Choi, Eun-Young,Lee, Young-Hoon,Ahn, Dong-Choon,Kang, Hyung-Sub,Park, Sang-Youel,Park, S 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.4

Changes in the rat testis interstitium from birth to adulthood were studied using Sprague Dawley rats of 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 40, 60, and 90 days of age to investigate Leydig cell differentiation. In addition, serum testosterone concentrations and luteinizing hormone stimulated (LH; 100 ng/ml) testosterone secretory capacity per testis in vitro were determined via radioimmunoassay. Fetal Leydig cells were present in rat testes from birth to 21 days, and they were only steroidogenic cells in the testis at days 1 and 7. The average volume of a fetal Leydig cell and the absolute volume of fetal Leydig cell per testis were similar at all ages of experimental groups except at day 21 when lower values were observed for both parameters. The number of fetal Leydig cells per testis remained constant from birth through 21 days. Adult Leydig cells were recognized at day 14 and their absolute volume and number per testis increased linearly from 14 to 90 days. The average volume of an adult Leydig cell increased significantly with age and reached maximum size by 60 days of age where the volume was nearly three times bigger than that of at day 14. Total testosterone production per testis in vitro and serum testosterone concentrations were not significantly different at day 1 compared with 7, 14, and 21 days of age. Significant increases were observed at days 40 and 60. Values at days 60 and 90 were not significantly different.

토끼에서 출생 후 고환간질세포의 발생에 관한 연구

태현진,박영재,강형섭,김남수,박상열,양홍현,안동춘,김인식,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Park, Young-Jae,Kang, Hyung-Sub,Kim, Nam-Soo,Park, Sang-Youel,Yang, Hong-Hyun,Ahn, Dong-Choon,Kim, In-Shik 대한수의학회 2005 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.45 No.3

Changes in the rabbit Leydig cell from birth to adulthood were studied in New Zealand white rabbits of 1, 7, 21, 35, 49, 70, 105, 147, 196, and 252 days (n = 8 rabbits per group) of age. The objectives of this study were to understand the fate of the fetal Leydig cells, to determine the changes in serum testosterone levels, and leutenizing hormone-stimulated testosterone production per testis in vitro, and to quantify adult Leydig cells by number and average volume with age. Testes of rabbits were fixed by whole body perfusion using a fixative containing 2.5% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer, processed and embedded in Epon-araldite. Using $1{\mu}m$ sections stained with methylene blue-azure II, qualitative and quantitative (stereological) morphological studies were performed. Testosterone levels in the incubation medium of luteinizing hormone-stimulated (100 ng/ml) testosterone secretion per testis in vitro, and in serum were determined by radioimmunoassay. The average volume of a testis of 1-day-old rabbits was determined as $0.0073cm^3$ and the parameter increased linearly from birth to 252 days ($3.93cm^3$). The volume density of the seminiferous tubules increased with age from 33.76% at day 1 to 88.2% at day 252. The volume density of the interstitium represents 66.24% of the testicular parenchyma at day 1. This proportion progressively diminished during development to reach a value of 11.8% at day 252. The volume density of Leydig cells increased almost linearly from birth (0.001%) to 252 days (2.62%). Leydig cell mass per testis increases from 0.0012 mg to 0.25 mg between days 1 and 35, from 2.66 mg to 44.3 mg between days 49 and 105 and from 65.42 mg and 102.9 mg between days 147 and 252. The absolute numbers of adult Leydig cells per testis increased linearly from birth to 252 days. The average volume of adult Leydig cell on days 1, 7, 21 and 35 was not significantly different; a gradual and continued increase was observed thereafter, reaching a 3-fold increase at 196 and 252 days. Serum testosterone concentrations were not significantly different at day 1 compared days 7, 21, 35. Significant increases were observed at days 49 and 70. Values at days 70 and 105 and days 147, 196, and 252 were not significantly different. LH-stimulated testosterone production per testis in vitro was significantly different at day 1 compared days 7, 21, 35. Significant increases were observed at days 49 and 70. Hormonal values at days 105, 147, 196, and 252 were not significantly different. These data suggested Leydig cell developmental phase can be classified: a neonatal phase (1-7 days), a prepubertal phase (14-49 days) and an adult phase (70-252 days). Immature and mature adult Leydig cells, initially detected at days 7 and 49, respectively, and mature adult Leydig cells were abundant Leydig cell type according to the number and absolute volume per testis form day 49 onwards.

한국 재래닭의 부화 후 성장단계별 넙다리뼈와 정강뼈 성장에 관한 연구

태현진 ( Hyun Jin Tae ) 한국동물위생학회 2015 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.38 No.3

Skeletal development of chicken has been widely discussed in industrial forums and various research reports. However, these studies were emphasis on the commercial chicken strains for improve egg and meat production whereas the skeletal quiet remains as a potential weak link related to facilitating in the physical support of heavier carcasses at ever younger ages. For that, the study of standardization of skeletal development is important but it was rarely reported in Korean native chicken (KNC). The study was investigated the skeletal characteristics of KNC for international standardization. We studied in KNC at 2, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126, 147, 168, 196, 224, 336 and 448 days after hatch (male and female, n=13 for each group). We measured the body weight (BW), and after sacrifice measured organs and remove muscle from femur & tibia and measured bone weight. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Duncan test, correlation analysis and regression analysis of SAS 9.1. We analyzed the data of BW, femur & tibia and made growth curve also. The BW was significantly increased up to 147 days after hatch (male, 1,927.88±68.92 g; female, 1,456.00±50.11 g), and then increased gradually. At 336 days, these growth was stop (male, 2,467.00±42.84 g; female, 1,568.71±62.62 g). The growth of femur & tibia length and width was stop on 98∼126 days after hatch. At 98 days, we measured the length and width of femur & tibia in male were 132.39±3.18 mm & 25.98±0.59 mm whereas in female at 112 days the length of femur & tibia was 116.40±1.55 mm and at 126 days width was 21.41±0.38 mm. Our study suggests that the growth of male KNC was classified pre-puberty (0∼98 days), puberty (98∼336 days) and maturity (after 336 days), meanwhile female was shown similar trend however puberty period of KNC was 112 or 126 days after hatch.

한우 고환 간질세포의 형태계측학적 연구

태현진 ( Hyun-jin Tae ),안동춘 ( Dong-choon Ahn ),이영덕 ( Young-deok Lee ),나성진 ( Sung-jin Na ),박병용 ( Byung-yong Park ),김인식 ( In-shik Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 2016 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.39 No.3

Changes in the Leydig cell from pre-puberty to adulthood were studied in Korean native cattle. Eight groups of male cattle aged 14, 17, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 104 weeks (n=7 cattle per group) after birth were used. The purpose of this study was to obtain quantitative information on the Leydig cell of the Korean native cattle during postnatal development. Testes of cattle were fixed by perfusion using a fix-ative containing 2.5% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer, processed and embedded in Epon-araldite. Using 1 μm section stained with methylene blue-azure II, qualitative and quantitative (stereological) morphological studies were performed. The average diameter of seminiferous tubules gradually increased with age from 14 (75.56 μm) to 104 weeks (298.9 μm). The volume density of the seminiferous tubules increased with age from 54.2% at week 14 to 76.9% at week 104. The volume density of the inter-stitium represents 45.52% at week 14. This proportion progressively diminishes during development to reach a value of 23.14% at week 104. The volume density of Leydig cells decreased almost linearly from 14 (20.71%) to 104 weeks (5.28%). The absolute volume of Leydig cells per testis increased sig-nificantly from 14 to 104 weeks. The number of Leydig per testis have almost linearly increased from 14 to 104 weeks. The average volume of a Leydig cell reached maximum size by 104 weeks (2553 μm³). These data suggested development of Leydig cell can be classified as the fetal and immature adult Leydig cells (14∼35 weeks), and the adult Leydig cells (40∼104 weeks).

심근경색 실험동물 모델에서 Insulin-like growth factor system의 조절

태현진(Hyun-Jin Tae),안동춘(Dong-Choon Ahn),박병용(Byung-Yong Park),심정하(Jeong-Ha Sim),김인식(In-Shik Kim) 대한체질인류학회 2011 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.24 No.2

Insulin-like growth (IGF) system은 여러 가지 다양한 심근질환과 연관성이 있는 것으로 알려져 있으나 심근경색에서 IGF system의 변화에 대해서는 밝혀져 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 흰쥐 심근경색 모델을 활용하여 IGF system의 변동을 살펴보아 심근경색에서 IGF system의 역할을 규명해보고자 하였다. 60일령의 수컷 흰쥐 왼심장동맥을 결찰하여 심근경색 모델을 만들었고 개흉하여 sham 대조군을 삼았다. 실험군은 심근경색 유발 후 1, 3, 7, 14 및 30일에 희생시켰고 대조군은 가슴안을 열고 30일에 희생시켰다. 혈청과 심근내 IGF-I과 IGF-II 농도와 혈청내 IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1, IGFBP-3 농도를 측정하였다. 심장동맥을 결찰한 실험군에서 평균 심근경색의 크기는 왼심실의 35.2~42.3%이었다. 혈청내 IGF-I의 농도는 대조군과 비교하여 명확하게 감소하였으나 IGF-II 농도는 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 혈청내 IGFBP-1의 농도는 심근경색 후 1일과 3일에 큰 폭으로 상승하였고 IGFBP-3는 전 실험군에서 유의성 있게 증가하였다. 심근경색 실험동물에서 심근의 IGF-I의 농도는 대조군과 비교하여 명확하게 감소한 반면, IGF-II의 농도는 변화가 없었다. 이상의 결과는 심근경색시 IGF system의 변동이 있음을 확인하였고 심근경색 후 심장의 반응에서 IGF system이 중요한 작용이 있음을 알 수 있었다. Insulin-like growth factor system (IGF system) has been reported to be associated with the variety of disorders of myocardial function. However, the effect of myocardial infarction (MI) on the IGF system has not been fully described. Thus, the present study was to investigate in more detail the changes of IGF system in the male rat following myocardial infarction (MI). Ligation of the left coronary artery was performed in male Sprague-Dawley male rats at 60 days of age. Control rats were obtained sham-operated animals. MI rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 30 day after ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. Control rats were sacrificed on 30 day after thoracotomy. Myocardial infarct size was assessed by planimetry and perimetry. Serum and heart concentrations of IGF-I and -II were determined by radioimmunoassay. Serum levels of IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-1 and IGFBP-3 were analyzed with a twosite immunoradiometric assay. Mean infarct size was 35.2~42.3% of the left ventricle after coronary occlusion in experimental groups. Serum levels of IGF-I were markedly reduced, but the levels of IGF-II were not altered in MI rats compared with shamligated controls. Serum IGFBP-I levels in MI rats were significantly increased at 1 and 3 day compared with sham rats. The levels of serum IGFBP-3 were significantly higher in the ligated rats. IGF-I levels of the infarct/periinfarct area of the left ventricle were significantly decreased in rats with myocardial infarction, whereas the levels of IGF-II remained unchanged. These results demonstrate that the IGF system is altered in the myocardial infarction and suggest that the IGF system plays an important role in the response of the heart to myocardial infarction.

토끼에서 고환 사이질조직의 출생 후 성 성숙에 이르는 변화

태현진(Hyun-Jin Tae),김인식(In-Shik Kim) 대한체질인류학회 2012 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.25 No.1

토끼에서 출생 후부터 성 성숙에 이르는 시기까지 고환 사이질조직의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 출생 후 1,7,21,35,49,70,105,147,196 및 252일령 (n=8마리/일령)의 토끼를 이용하였다. 토끼의 고환을 2.5% glutaraldehyde를 이용하여 전신 관류고정하고 조직 처리과정을 거쳐 Epon-araldite에 포매하였다. 초박절편기를 사용하여 1 ㎛로 절편한 다음 methylene blue로 염색하여 고환사이질조직을 이루고 있는 각 구조물의 일반적인 변화상과 형태계측학적인 방법을 적용하여 고환 사이질조직의 변화를 관찰하였다. 1일령의 토끼에서 고환 사이질조직은 고환실질의 66.3%를 나타내었고 성장하면서 점차적으로 감소하여 252일령에 11.8%를 나타내었다. 성숙 사이질세포는 7일령에 처음 관찰되었고 이 시기에 용적치밀도는 0.001%이었으며 성장하면서 증가하여 252일령에는 2.6%에 도달하였다. 사이질세포, 중간엽세포, 혈관내피세포, 혈관주위세포 및 근육모양세포의 절대용적은 출생 후부터 252일령까지 증가하였다(P<0.05). 고환조직 당 혈관내피세포, 혈관 주위세포, 근육모양세포, 성숙 사이질세포 및 중간엽세포의 총 숫자는 일령에 따라서 점진적으로 증가하였고 출생 후부터 252일령까지 성숙 사이질세포의 생성률이 중간엽세포의 생성률보다 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 중간엽세포의 평균용적은 1일령부터 70일령까지 증가하였으며 70일령에 최고치를 나타내었다. 성숙 사이질세포의 평균용적은 1, 7, 21 및 35일령에는 유의성이 없었으나 이 후 점차적으로 계속 증가하여 196일령과 252일령에는 3배 증가하였다(P<0.05). 고환내 총 정자생성과 1일 정자생성은 105일령부터 252일령까지 유의성 있게 증가하였다(P< 0.05). 이러한 결과는 토끼에서 출생 후부터 성 성숙 시기까지 고환 사이질조직을 이루고 있는 각종 세포의 용적치 밀도, 절대용적, 평균용적 및 고환내 총 숫자의 변화는 정자발생과 밀접한 연관이 있음을 확인하였다. Changes in the testis interstitium from birth to adulthood were studied in New Zealand white rabbits of 1, 7, 21, 35, 49, 70, 105, 147, 196, and 252 days (n=8 per group) of age. Testes of rabbits were fixed by whole body perfusion using a fixative containing 2.5% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer, processed and embedded in Epon-araldite. Using 1 sections stained with methylene blue-azure II, qualitative and quantitative (stereological) morphological studies were performed. Sperm production was measured by routine technique. The volume density of the interstitium represents 66.3% of the testicular parenchyma at day 1. Adult Leydig cells initially detected at day 7(0.001%), increased progressively to reach a volume density of 2.6% by day 252. The absolute volume of mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, and myoid cells increased from birth to 252 days. The number of endothelial cells, pericytes, and myoid cells per testis increased gradually with age. The absolute numbers of adult Leydig cells and mesenchymal cells per testis increased linearly from birth to 252 days. The rate of production of adult Leydig cells was greater than that of mesenchymal cells in the postnatal rabbit testis through 252 days. The average volume of a mesenchymal cell increased from day 1 to day 70 and declined thereafter; the highest value was at day 70. Total sperm production and daily sperm production per testis increased significantly from 105 to 252 days of age. These results clarified the pattern of changes in the testis interstitium in rabbits from birth to adulthood and correlation these events with spermatogenesis.

흰쥐에서 고환 간질세포에 미치는 노화의 영향

김인식,태현진,이여광,박영재,강형섭,박상열,박수현,박영석,이영훈,안동춘,최은영,양홍현,Kim, In-Shik,Tae, Hun-Jin,Li, Li-Guang,Park, Young-Jae,Kang, Hyung-Sub,Park, Sang-Youel,Park, Soo-Hyun,Park, Young-Seok,Lee, Young-Hoon,Ahn, Dong-Choon 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.4

The present study investigated the effects of aging on Leydig cells of Sprague Dawley rats. Rats of 3, 6, 12 and 18 months of age were used. Testes of rat were fixed by whole body perfusion using a fixative containing 2.5% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer, processed and embedded in epon-araldite. Using $1{\mu}m$ sections stained with methylene blue, qualitative and quantitative morphological studies were performed. Testis incubations were used to determine luteinizing hormone (LH; 100 ng/ml) stimulated testosterone secretory capacity per testis in vitro. Testosterone levels in the incubation medium, and testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels in serum of these four groups of rats were determined by radioimmunoassay. Morphological studies revealed that Leydig cells were more abundant in the testis interstitium at 6, 12 and 18 months when compared with 3 months. The volumes of Leydig cells per testis was significantly higher, at 6, 12 and 18 months of age than those at 3 months. The number of Leydig cells per testis was doubled at 6, 12 and 18 months of age compared with 3 months. The average volume of a Leydig cell was not significantly different between 3 and 6 months of age, however, at 12 and 18 months a significantly lower value was observed. LH-stimulated testosterone production per testis in vitro was reduced by 45% at 6 months of age compared with 3 months; a further significant reduction was observed at 12 and 18 months. Serum testosterone and LH levels were not significantly different between 3 and 6 months of age but at 12 and 18 months a significantly lower value was observed in both groups for these hormones. These results showed that signs of aging are apparent in Leydig cells of Sprague Dawley rats at 12 months of age.

돼지 대동맥동에 대한 해부학적 연구

최성환,정기수,김인식,태현진,박영재,심정하,안동춘,Choi, Seong-Hwan,Cheong, Ki-Soo,Kim, In-Shik,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Park, Young-Jae,Sim, Jeoung-Ha,Ahn, Dong-Choon 대한수의학회 2006 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.46 No.1

This study was aimed to obtain the anatomical information on the location of ostia of left and right coronary artery in 3 weeks old and 6 months old hybrid swine. The each intercommissural distance of 6 months group was twice than 3 weeks old group. The largest sinus was right aortic sinus followed by left and posterior sinus. All left coronary artery ostia in left aortic sinus were located near the right aortic sinus as well as lower than the ostia of right one. Most of the right coronary artery ostia were located at the level of supravalvular ridge of right aortic sinus. In addition the right ostia had more variation than left ones. Comparing to the sites of 3 weeks old pigs, the sites of the right ostia in 6 months group were more variable. These data suggest that the locations of coronary ostia were different with the sites of human's, and changes of the location may be occurred during the growth.

흰쥐에서 한쪽 고환 거세 후 고환간질세포의 형태계측학적 연구

안동춘(Dong-Choon Ahn),태현진(Hyun-Jin Tae),나성진(Sung-Jin Na),이석원(Seok-Won Lee),이영덕(Young-Deok Lee),강형섭(Hyung-Sub Kang),박상열(Sang-Youel Park),이기창(Ki-Chang Lee),양홍현(Hong-Hyun Yang),김인식(In-Shik Kim) 대한체질인류학회 2008 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.21 No.4

수컷 흰쥐에서 각기 다른 일령에 한쪽 고환을 제거하고 일정한 시간경과 후 남아 있는 고환 간질세포의 형태계측학적인 변화를 살펴보기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 출생 후 20, 30, 40, 50 및 60일령 (n=18마리/일령)의 흰쥐 한쪽 고환을 거세한 후 100일령에 희생시켜 실험에 이용하였다. 흰쥐를 전신관류고정하고 고환을 적출 한 후 조직 처리과정을 거쳐 초박절편한 다음 methylene-blue 염색을 하여 일반적인 조직학적인 변화를 관찰하고 형태계측을 시행하였다. 황체형성호르몬 자극에 대한 고환내 테스토스테론 생성과 혈청내 테스토스테론 농도는 방사면역측정법을 이용하여 측정하였다. 실험군과 대조군의 몸무게는 차이가 없었지만 대조군이 실험군보다 그 값이 높았으며 고환 무게도 유의성 있는 차이는 없었으나 30, 40 및 60일령에 거세한 실험군에서 대조군에 비해 약간 높았다. 곱슬정세관, 간질조직 및 간질세포의 용적치밀도는 영향이 없었으나 절대용적은 20, 30 및 40일령에 거세한 실험군에서 유의성 있게 증가 하였다(p<0.05). 고환조직 당 간질세포의 총 숫자는 60일령을 제외한 전 실험군에서 유의성 있게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 간질세포의 평균용적, 혈청내 테스토스테론농도 및 황체형성호르몬자극에 대한 고환내 테스토스테론 분비는 30일과 40일령에 거세한 실험군에서 대조군에 비하여 유의성 있게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 이상을 종합하면 흰쥐에서 30일령과 40일령에 한쪽 고환을 거세하면 성 성숙후에 남아 있는 고환의 보상작용으로 간질세포의 크기와 분비가 증가함을 확인하였고 흰쥐에서 성 성숙이 이루어지는 즈음에 거세를 하면 간질세포의 보상작용이 이루어지는 것을 알 수 있었다. The present study was conducted to investigate the influence of hemicastration and age at hemicastraion on the subsequent Leydig cell morphology and function of male rats. Sprague Dawley rats were left intact or hemicastrated at 20, 30, 40, 50, or 60 days of age (n=18 rats per group). At 100 days of age, all rats were sacrificed. Testes were fixed by whole body perfusion using a fixative containing 2.5% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer, processed and embedded in Epon-araldite. Using 1 ㎛ sections stained with methylene blue, qualitative and quantitative morphological studies were performed. Testis incubations were used to determine lutenizing hormone (LH; 100ng/㎖) stimulated testosterone secretory capacity per testis in vitro. Testosterone levels in the incubation medium, and testosterone and LH levels in serum of these six groups of rats were determined by radioimmunoassay. Body and testis weights were not changed by hemicastration between experimental and control groups. Volume density of seminiferous tubules, interstitium, and Leydig cells was not significantly affected by hemicastration. Absolute volume of seminiferous and interstitium was significantly increased in unilaterally castrated rats at 20, 30 and 40 days of age compared to control. Significant increases in the total number of Leydig cells per testis occurred in rats hemicastrated at 20, 30, 40 and 50 days of age compared to control. A significant increase in average volume of a Leydig cell was noted in the hemicastrated rats at 30 and 40 days compared to intact rats of the same age but was significantly decreased at 60 days of age. Serum testosterone levels and LH-stimulated testosterone production per testis were significantly (P<0.05) increased in the hemicastrated rats at 30 and 40 days. In summary, when rats were unilaterally castrated at 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days of age, those rats hemicastrated at 30 and 40 days showed compensatory hypertrophy/hypersecretion of Leydig cells when killed at 100 days of age. Especially, these data suggested that compensatory hypertrophy/hypersecretion of Leydig cells in rats hemicastrated around the time of puberty occurs in the remaining testis.