편마암지역에서 선대구경 수평보링 공수적용에 따른 지반진동 감쇠효과 연구

최형빈 ( Hyung Bin Choi ),한동훈 ( Dong Hun Han ),기경철 ( Kyung Chul Ki ) 대한화약발파공학회 2016 화약발파 Vol.34 No.2

본 논문에서는 PLHBM의 환산 거리별 공수에 따른 터널 심발공의 진동감쇠효과를 비교하기 위해 편마암지역에서 V-cut, PLHBM 1공, PLHBM 2공에 대한 현장실험을 수행하였다. 시험결과 얻어진 발파진동추정식을 근거로 하였을 때 진동 감쇠율은 V-cut의 PPV를 기준으로 환산거리 10~100m/kg1/2의 범위에서 PLHBM 1공 적용 시21.8~61.1%, 2공 적용시 35.7~79.3%로 나타났다. 진동감쇠효과는 환산거리가 증가할수록 작아지는 경향을 보였으며, PLHBM 1~2공은 심발공의 진동감쇠효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. In this study, the field tests were performed on V-cut, PLHBM 1 hole, PLHBM 2 hole in gneiss area in order to compare the effects of the vibration decay of a tunnel cut-hole according to the number of PLHBM holes with scaled distance. Based on the prediction equation of blasting vibration from the result of the tests, the decay rate of vibration were confirmed 21.8~61.1% using PLHBM 1 hole, 35.7~79.3% using PLHBM 2 hole for scaled distance within 10~100m/kg 1/2 on the basis of V-cut PPV. As the scaled distance was increased, the effect of vibration decay was decreased. The effect of vibration decay of cut-hole for intial PLHBM 1~2 hole was significantly high.

전자뇌관과 전기뇌관을 사용한 시추공 발파시험에서의 지반진동 특성에 관한 비교 연구

최형빈 ( Hyung Bin Choi ),원연호 ( Yeon Ho Won ) 대한화약발파공학회 2010 화약발파 Vol.28 No.2

도심지 특성상 주변구조물에 근접한 발파로 발생되는 지반진동은 인체에 간접피해와 구조물에 물적피해를 줄 수 있다. 설계단계 또는 시공 전 민원발생 시 구조물의 피해정도를 평가하는 방법으로는 단순 진동파형을 정량적으로 표현하는데 가장 접근성이 좋은 시추공 발파시험이 주로 이용되고 있다. 본 연구는 소량의 폭약으로 인위적인 진동에너지를 발생시키는 발파시험에 전자뇌관 기폭시스템을 처음 적용하였다. 전기뇌관 시추공 발파와 전자뇌관 시추공발파의 뇌관 지연시차 상관관계, 시험장소의 터널본선과 유사 암층에 시설된 구조물에서 측정한 PPV와 서로 다른 매개 층을 포함한 터널상부 지상도로에서 측정한 PPV의 상관관계, 기존 연구결과 얻어진 시추공발파 및 터널발파 PPV와의 상관관계를 비교·분석하여 시추공 발파의 유용성과 뇌관 지연시차의 중요성을 언급하고자 한다. Ground vibration caused by blasting in the urban area close to structures can give some indirect damage to human body and may lead to structural damage to buildings. At the stage of design or when complaints were filed by residents, the test blasting in borehole, which is most practical for expressing simple vibration wave form quantitatively, is usually chosen for assessing the degree of damage to structures. In this paper, some lessons gained from the application of electronic detonator triggering system in borehole test blasting are presented. The difference in delay time of detonator when borehole is blasted by electronic detonator and electric detonator are discussed. The peak particle velocities measured at the structure embedded in the similar rock layer to main line of tunnel at test site and measured at the road surface just above the tunnel having different overburden layers were analysed to draw their relationship. By comparing the results with those appearing in some published literatures, the usefulness of the borehole test blasting and the importance of delay time of detonator are addressed.

기술사례 : 터널발파 현장의 안전성 확보를 위한 비전기뇌관 활용방안

최형빈 ( Hyung Bin Choi ) 대한화약발파공학회 2014 화약발파 Vol.32 No.3

국내 터널공사에 사용되고 있는 뇌관의 안전성 및 경제성에 대한 의견을 알아보기 위하여 분야별 총345명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 비전기뇌관의 안전성이 86.7%로 매우 높게 평가되었으며, 터널 굴착비 대비 뇌관이 차지하는 재료비가 8.1%임을 고려할 때 경제성보다 안전성을 우위를 둔 비전기뇌관 사용을 적극 활용한다면 터널현장의 발파사고 예방에 크게 기여할 것으로 보인다. 더불어 터널공사 국가발주처·경찰청·화약류 제조사들에게 의견수렴, 기초자료를 제공하는데 도움을 주고자 한다. A survey for understanding the opinion about the safety and economy of different types of detonators used in domestic tunnel construction was carried out for total 345 people in related areas. From the result, it was found that 86.7% of the surveyed people felt non-electric detonator was safe. From the experimental points that the cost of detonators is in charge of 8.1% in overall tunnel blasting cost, and the utilization of non-electric detonators will also contribute to the prevention of blasting accidents by the electrical safety, this study can help providing opinions and basic data collected from related areas to manufacturing companies, police department, and companies ordering tunnel construction.

기술사례 : 시공단계의 진동레벨 단위적용에 관한 사례 연구

최형빈 ( Hyung Bin Choi ),김동연 ( Dong Yeon Kim ) 대한화약발파공학회 2012 화약발파 Vol.30 No.2

건설현장의 노천발파로 발생되는 지반진동은 인체의 간접피해 및 구조물의 물적 피해를 동반하며, 인체는 진동레벨, 구조물은 진동속도 단위로 평가한다. 본 연구는 실시단계 진동기준 중 진동속도 외 누락된 진동레벨 단위를 추가, 진동속도 및 진동레벨을 동시 측정한 적용사례로서 추후 민원이 예상되는 현장관리에 도움이 될 것으로 여겨진다. 발파진동 및 진동레벨 추정식 도출을 위한 표본수는 총 232개가 사용되었으며, 진동속도 0.3cm/s와 진동레벨 75 dB(V) 기준의 지발당장약량을 비교한 결과, 후자가 20.0~40.9% 여유가 있음을 입증하여 진동레벨 단위척도 추가는 전혀 문제되지 않음을 언급하였다. 소음·진동 관리법이 우선된다면 노천발파 시공비용은 훨씬 저감될 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서 사용된 계측기기는 국내에서 처음으로 진동속도 및 진동레벨을 동시 측정할 수 있는 특성을 지닌 SV-1모델을 사용하였다. Ground vibration induced by a bench blasting in the construction site should cause the damage to the structure and indirect damage to a human body, and the vibration level is most practical descriptor for regulating the damage to human body and peak particle velocity is the descriptor for direct damage assesment of the structure. Meantime, the vibration level has not been considered for the blasting design but this study is the case that apply not only peak particle velocity but also vibration level on the blasting design. Also, we strongly believe that this study will be helpful for the management in the blasting site which some civil appeal is concerned. Total 232 measurements of both ppv and vibration level was used to estimate the scale distance. When the regulating threshold was ppv 0.3 cm/s and vibration level 75 decibel, the charge per delay to be estimated with vibration level could be recommended by 1.2~1.4 times than it of ppv. So, it is proven that considering vibration level on the blasting design is reasonable for not only prevention of the civil appeals but also effective blasting. Again, the blasting design which follows the law,「Noise and Vibration Control Act」can actually serve good condition to carry much more economical and effective blasting. The instruments used for this study are the SV-1 model, as first instrument in korea which can measure vibration velocity and vibration level at the same time.

구조체에 작용하는 중소규모 혼합가스 폭발해석을 위한 최적 등가 TNT 해석 기법

최형빈(Choi, Hyung-Bin),김한수(Kim, Han-Soo) 대한건축학회 2015 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.31 No.11

In this paper, the analysis of TNT equivalent method for practical mixture gas explosion was performed to simplify the gas explosion analysis. Autodyn which was specialized for analysis of explosion and impact was used to simulate the behavior of structural element. By using linear elastic material properties, we can see general displacement behavior aspect and consider various natural periods of structural element. After comparing model of mixture gas property with TNT equivalent model in terms of the maximum displacement of structural elements, we proposed optimized TNT equivalent analysis method for practical mixture gas explosion by using proper explosion efficiency. The mixture gas properties was obtained from C.E.A program which can calculate chemical equilibrium product concentration from any set of reactants and determines thermodynamic and transport properties for the product mixture.

발파진동 제어에 의한 특수구간 터널굴착에 관한 연구

최형빈(Choi Hyung Bin),임한욱(Lim Han Uk) 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究 Vol.20 No.1

It was difficult to apply conventional excavation methods in some sections from Seoul to Pusan high speed rail road construction of 1 lot 2, due to highway concrete road, gas pipe, water pipe and nearby factories with automatic control system machine. To excavate safely and efficiently in these sections new blast patterns were employed within allowable blast vibration level, by test blast and controlled vibration by sequential blast. Behaviors of the rock mass including convergence and displacement around tunnel were measured with construction works and the crack width in concrete wall also monitored for controlling allowable limits. The results can be summarized as follow : 1. The allowable blast vibration level in structure site is less 1.0cm/sec for highway concrete, 0.5 cm/sec for gas pipe, water pipe and building housing and 0.3 cm/sec for automatic control system machine. 2. The convergence displacement, single rod extensometer and multi rod extensometer around tunnel and cracks in concrete wall were measured, it was confirmed that the measured values were converged within allowable level. 3. The empirical formular of ground vibrations with 90% confidence lines for PD-3 was given as follow.

P-M 상관도를 이용한 축하중과 폭발하중을 동시에 받는 철근 콘크리트 기둥의 손상도 평가

김한수(Kim, Han-Soo),최형빈(Choi, Hyung-Bin) 대한건축학회 2015 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.31 No.4

In this paper, the damage contour of reinforced concrete columns under blast load was compared with its P-M interaction diagram to evaluate the simplified analysis for blast resisting performance of reinforced concrete column. Autodyn which was specialized for analysis of explosion and impact was used to simulate the structural behavior of the columns under combined effect due to axial and blast loading. The weight of explosive is fixed on most threatening weight, 20kg, and distance of explosive is varied from 1m to 5m. According to the analysis, the damage contour of reinforced concrete column showed very similar shape to P-M interaction diagram as its axial load and blast induced additional bending moment changes. Therefore, the damage and failure behavior of reinforced concrete column can be predicted from damage contour on P-M interaction diagram.

인공지진 발생을 위한 대규모 시추공 시험발파 사례연구

정주환 ( Ju Hwan Jeong ),최병희 ( Byung Hee Choi ),류창하 ( Chang Ha Ryu ),민형동 ( Hyung Dong Min ),최형빈 ( Hyung Bin Choi ) 대한화약발파공학회 2009 화약발파 Vol.27 No.2

지진 발생시 진앙 추적에 필요한 지각구조 특성 규명과정에서는 인공지진을 발생시킬 필요가 있다. 이런 정도의 큰 지반진동은 대규모 시추공 발파를 통해 발생시킬 수 있으나 이와 같은 대규모 발파는 대부분 주변에 대한 환경적인 악영향을 미치게 된다. 이런 맥락에서 시추공 시험발파를 통해 발파장소 주변의 다양한 구조물에 영향이 없는 최대 장약량을 결정하였다. 시험발파에서는 젤라틴 다이너마이트 400kg을 사용하였다. 시험 결과 측정된 자료로부터 지반진동 수준에 대한 예측식을 유도하였다. 주거용 구조물에 대한 지반진동 허용수준을 3.0mm/s로 설정하였을 때 발파장소 부근의 군용 구조물을 고려한 경우에는 사용 가능한 최대 장약량이 677kg으로 나타났다. 하지만 군용건물들을 고려하지 않고 인근부락의 오래된 건물들을 기준으로 할 때는 최대 2100kg의 폭약을 사용할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. In the process of identifying the earth`s crust structures to accurately locate the seismic epicenter, man-made earthquakes need to be generated. Such a large-scale ground vibration can be generated by a deep borehole blasting, but it can also accompany some environmental impacts on the surroundings. In this respect, a borehole test blasting was carried out to determine the maximum charge weight that could be used without affecting the various structures around the blast site. Total 400kg of gelatine-type dynamites was used in the test blast. As a result, a prediction equation for ground vibrations was derived from the measured data. With the allowable level of 3.0 mm/s for residential structures, the maximum charge weight was determined to be 677kg if military structures near the site were considered. But if the military structures were not considered, it was found that up to 2100kg of explosives could be used without affecting old houses in the nearby village.

표준발파와 건화 ANFO 발파의 성능 비교

이승훈(Lee, Seung-Hun),정성훈(Chong, Song-Hun),최형빈(Choi, Hyung-Bin) 대한토목학회 2021 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

기술사례 : 분상장약공법을 이용한 전자발파 시공사례

김갑수 ( Gab Soo Kim ),손영복 ( Young Bok Son ),김재훈 ( Jae Hoon Kim ),최형빈 ( Hyung Bin Choi ) 대한화약발파공학회 2015 화약발파 Vol.33 No.1

최근 도심 발파작업이 증가함에 따라 발파진동 및 소음에 대한 주변 민원문제가 증가되고 있으며, 이에 굴착 시공성 저하로 인하여 시공사와 민원간의 분쟁이 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 본 사례는 전자뇌관에 의한 분산장약 발파공법을 적용하여, 발파진동 및 소음에 대한 제어뿐만 아니라 공사기간을 단축시킴으로서 발파에 대한 민원간의 분쟁을 최소화하였다. 도심 구조물 근접구간의 발파공사에서 발파진동 및 소음을 허용기준 이하로 제어하면서 굴착 시공성을 높일 수 있는 굴착방법으로 널리 활용될 것으로 예상된다. Recently, the residence complaints have been increased by blast vibration and noise issue due to increased urban blasting works so that the trouble between construction company and residence have been continuously increased. Deck-charge blasting method using electronic detonator provided not only blast vibration and noise control but also minimized residence complaints through shortening of the blasting period. This blasting method will be widely used for maximizing urban blasting productivity.