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최창용 ( Chang Yong Choe ),안영희 ( Young Hee Ahn ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.9
The investigation was made about distribution and ecological characteristics of host plant for Phellinus linteus at habitats in Gangwon-Do. The habitats of P. linteus are the place where the fog is much generated and there is lots of the moisture. The flora of the vascular plants in P. linteus habitats were consisted of 76taxa; 62 species, 10 varieties and 4 formas of 62 genera of 40 families. The plants of infiltration type were found 70% around P. linteus habitats. This results shows that the natural environments of P. linteus habitat is very stable condition. The categories of vegetation were classified into two types. The host plant for P. linteus appeared 61.6% from Populus tomentiglandulosa. The first type showed up above the sea about 600m and west exposure region. The second type was investigated around the facing north region of the steep slope-land.
최혜영 ( Choe Hye Yeong ),김태형 ( Kim Tae Hyeong ),손소희 ( Son So Hui ),공병기 ( Gong Byeong Gi ),최창용 ( Choe Chang Yong ),김동곤 ( Kim Dong Gon ),장미경 ( Jang Mi Gyeong ),노홍균 ( No Hong Gyun ),나재운 ( Na Jae Un ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2004 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.9 No.1
본 연구에서는 천연자원으로부터 α-, β- 및 γ-chitin을 분리하였고, 이를 이용하여 α-, β- 및 γ-chitosan을 제조하였다. 원재료의 화학적 조성과 chitin과 chitosan의 일반성분을 분석하였으며 상대점도측정과 Kina 적정법을 이용하여 점도평균분자량과 탈아세틸화도를 측정하였고 FT-IR spectrophotometer, soild state CP/MAS ^(13)C NMR spectrophotometer 에 의해 α-, β- 및 γ-chitin과 chitosan의 제조를 확인하였다. α-, β- 및 γ-chitin의 각각의 분자량이 701, 612 그리고 524 kDa으로 측정되었으며 α-, β-및 γ-chitosan의 분자량이 603, 607, 329 kDa임을 확인하였다. α-, β-및 γ-chitin의 탈아세틸화도가 21.8%, 3?.3% 그리고 44.7%로 확인되었고 α-, β- 및 γ-chitosan의 탈아세틸화도가 97.1%, 99.2%, 그리고 96.6% 임을 확인하였다. Chitin의 FT-IR 스펙트럼에서 amide I에서의 흡수 밴드가 α-chitin에 있어서는 이중선으로, β-chitin에 있어서는 단일선으로 나타났으며 γ-chitin에서는 α-, β-chitin의 중간형태로 나타났음을 확인하였다. Chitosan의 FT-IR 스펙트럼에서 탈아세틸화 반응에 의해 amide Ⅰ과 amide Ⅱ의 흡수 피크가 현저히 감소하였음을 확인하였다. Chitin의 Solide state CP/MAS ^(13)C NMR 스펙트럼결과에서 α-chitin의 경우 C3과 C5의 피크가 각각 73과 75 ppm에서 나타났으며 β-chitin은 74 ppm에서 단일선으로 나타났고, γ-chitin의 경우 C3과 C5의 흡수피크가 α-chitin과 유사한 형태의 피크를 나타내었다. Chitosan의 Soilde state CP/MAS ^(13) NMR 스펙트럼에서 C1~C6가 잘 나타나 있고, 탈아세틸화 반응에 의해 메틸탄소 및 카르보닐 탄소가 거의 나타나지 않았다. α-, β- and γ-chitin were isolated from crab shell, squid pen, beetles cuticles by acid, alkali treatment and α-, β- and γ-chitosan were prepared from α-, β- and γ-chitin. Chemical compositions of raw materials and elemental of chitin and chitosan were analyzed. A weight-average molecular weight and degree of deacetylation (DDA) were determines by viscometry and Kina titration. Its structural characterization was analyzed by FT-IR spectrophotometer and solid state CP/MAS C NMR spectrophotometer. A molecular weight of α-, β- and γ-chitin were determined by viscometer resulting in 701. 612, and 524, kDa, respectively. A molecular weight of α-, β- and γ-chitosan were calculated with 603., 607 and 329 kDa, respectively. The DDA of α-, β- and γ-chitin were 21.8%, 32.3% and 44.7%, respectively. The DDA of α-, β- and γ-chitosan were 97.1%, 99.2% and 96.6%, respectively. At the FT-IR spectra of chitin, α-, β- chitin. And at the FT_IR sectra of chitosan, absorption band of amide I and amide H decreased because of the deacetylation of chitin, where as the absorption band of amine group was newly formed. From solid state CP/MAS C NMR spectra of chitin, two signals appeared at around 73 and 75 ppm assigned to C3 and C5 carbon atoms in α-chitin are sharply resolved, the signals of C3 and C5 in β-chitin shows singlet at around 74 ppm. In case of γ-chitin, two signals show at around 73 and 75 ppm assigned to C3 and C5 carbon atoms. From solid stat CP/MAS C NMR spectra of chitosan, the carbon of the C1-C6 positions were cleared identified and peaks of CH_3 and C=0 decreased significantly because of the deacetylation
허태영,정영훈,최창용,조용일,강석진,이현준,기광석,백광수,서국현,Hur, Tai-Young,Jung, Young-Hun,Choe, Chang-Yong,Cho, Yong-Il,Kang, Seog-Jin,Lee, Hyun-June,Ki, Kwang-Seok,Baek, Kwang-Soo,Suh, Guk-Hyun 대한수의학회 2013 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.53 No.2
The objective of this study was to investigate the calf death and analyse the causes of the mortality by based on medical records and autopsy findings during 10 years in a large dairy farm. Total of 1,361 calf born and 146 calf dead during the invested period. Mortality rate was 10.7% and showed the big difference by year-specific mortality from 2.8% (4 calves) to 19.2% (28 calves). The highest rate of mortality was 1 week age (18.5%, 27 calves) and followed by 2 week age (11.6%, 17 calves) and mortality of more old calf tended to be reduced. The death less than 4 weeks and 8 weeks of age of the entire mortality accounted for 41.1% (60/146 calves) and 70.0% (102/146 calves), respectively. Causes of calf death were digestive diseases (53.4%), respiratory diseases (17.1%), musculoskeletal disease (8.2%), and systemic disease (8.2%) in order. Specific causes of calf death was highest in enteritis (43.2%), followed by pneumonia (14.4%), sepsis (8.2%) and fractures (3.4%). Seasonally, most of calf death happened in winter (48.6%) and then fall (21.2%). This results showed that enteritis and pneumonia are the main reason of calf death but other reasons were involved in calf death on the based on autopsy finding. On going research relating factors of calf mortality is needed.
강다원,김은심,최창용,박재용,한재희,홍성근,Kang, Da-Won,Kim, Eun-Sim,Choe, Chang-Yong,Park, Jae-Yong,Han, Jae-Hee,Hong, Seong-Geun 대한수의학회 2002 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.42 No.1
Cryopreservation is commonly used for an efficient utilization of semen, oocytes and embryos but has disadvantage in the survival, development of the post-thawed eggs. The high risk in the survival, development of eggs after thawing is thought to be caused by inappropriate internal regulation of $Ca^{2+}$ and/or formation of intracellular ice crystals. In this experiment, we tested whether the $Ca^{2+}$ current (iCa), a decisive factor to $Ca^{2+}$ entry, was altered in post-thawed oocytes by using whole cell voltage clamp technique. The quality and survival rates of the oocytes derived from both fresh and frozen groups were examined by morphology and FDA-test. Vitrified oocytes (VOs) were incubated for 4 hr after thawing and then donated to this experiment. Ethyleneglycol-ficoll-galactose (EFG) was used as a cryoprotectant for vitrification. The membrane potential was held at -80 mV and step depolarizations of 250 ms were applied from -50 mV to 50 mV in 10 mV increments. The survival rates showed a higher in VOs vitrified with EFG containing $Ca^{2+}$ than in VOs vitrified with EFG under the $Ca^{2+}$-free condition (82.0% vs 14%). In group with/without $Ca^{2+}$, the survival rates were significantly (P<0.01) difference. In the fresh metaphase II oocytes (FOs), current-voltage (I-V) relationship showed that iCa began to activate at -40 mV and reached its maximum at -10 mV. With same voltage pulses, inward currents were elicited in VOs. I-V relationships observed in VOs were similar to those in FOs. Time constants of activation and inactivation of the inward current shown in VOs were not different to those in FOs. This accordance in I-V relations and time constants in FOs with those in VOs indicates that the inward currents in FOs are unaltered by vitrification and thawing. Therefore, vitrification with EFG does not play as a factor to deteriorate $Ca^{2+}$ entry across the membrane of the oocytes.