Baicalein protects HT22 murine hippocampal neuronal cells against endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis through inhibition of reactive oxygen species production and CHOP induction

최지현,A Young Choi,Hana Yoon,최원재,윤경식,하주헌,Eui-Ju Yeo,강인숙 생화학분자생물학회 2010 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.42 No.12

Baicalein is one of the major flavonoids in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and possesses various effects, including cytoprotection and anti-inflammation. Because endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and cerebral ischemia, we investigated the effects of baicalein on apoptotic death of HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells induced by thapsigargin (TG) and brefeldin A (BFA), two representative ER stress inducers. Apoptosis,reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured by flow cytometry. Expression level and phosphorylation status of ER stress-associated proteins and activation and cleavage of apoptosis-associated proteins were analyzed by Western blot. Baicalein reduced TG- and BFA-induced apoptosis of HT22 cells and activation and cleavage of apoptosis-associated proteins, such as caspase-12 and -3 and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase. Baicalein also reduced the TG- and BFA-induced expression of ER stress-associated proteins,including C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)and glucose-regulated protein 78, the cleavage of X-box binding protein-1 and activating transcription factor 6α, and the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α and mitogen-activated protein kinases,such as p38, JNK, and ERK. Knock-down of CHOP expression by siRNA transfection and specific inhibitors of p38 (SB203580), JNK (SP600125), and ERK (PD98059) as well as anti-oxidant (N-acetylcysteine)reduced TG- or BFA-induced cell death. Baicalein also reduced TG- and BFA-induced ROS accumulation and MMP reduction. Taken together, these results suggest that baicalein could protect HT22 neuronal cells against ER stress-induced apoptosis by reducing CHOP induction as well as ROS accumulation and mitochondrial damage.

주요 식품영양소의 수요분석

최지현,이계임 ( Ji Hyeon Choi & Kyei Im Lee ) 한국농업경제학회 1997 農業經濟硏究 Vol.38 No.1

다면적 인성검사 II 재구성판으로 살펴본 주요우울장애 자살 시도자의 심리적 특성

최지현,박은희,Choi, Ji-Hyun,Park, Eun-Hee 한국정신신체의학회 2021 정신신체의학 Vol.29 No.1

연구목적 본 연구는 MMPI-2-RF를 통해 주요우울장애 환자군 중 자살 시도자들의 심리적 특성을 확인하고자 하였다. 방 법 본 연구는 한림대학교 성심병원 정신건강의학과를 방문한 입원 및 외래 환자 중 한국판 K-MINI-Plus 5.0을 통해 DSM-IV의 주요우울장애 진단적 준거를 충족시키는 자 107명을 대상으로 하였다. 이들을 C-SSRS를 사용하여 자살 시도군(n=43)과 비시도군(n=64)으로 분류하였고 ANOVA를 통해 두 집단 간 MMPI-2-RF 척도 점수에서의 차이를 조사하였다. 더불어 우울 증상의 심각도와 공존질환의 이환 여부가 자살 시도 여부에 영향을 주었을 가능성을 고려해 이를 공변인으로 하여 추가적으로 ANCOVA 분석을 수행하였다. 결 과 본 연구에서 자살 시도군이 비시도군에 비해 효능감 결여(NFC), 대인관계 수동성(IPP), 자살/죽음 사고(SUI) 척도에서 유의하게 높은 점수를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 다만 자살/죽음 사고(SUI) 척도의 경우 우울 증상과 공존질환의 이환 여부를 통제한 이후에는 두 집단 간 차이에서 통계적으로 유의한 경향성을 보여주었다(p<0.10). 결 론 본 연구의 결과를 통해 MMPI-2-RF가 중등도 이상의 증상 심각도를 지닌 주요우울장애 집단에서 실제 자살 시도로 이행될 위험이 있는 환자를 심리적 특성을 확인하는데 유용한 도구임을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 한계와 향후 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다. Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate differences in psychological characteristics between major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with and without suicide attempt using MMPI-2-RF. Methods : Subjects were 107 MDD patients who had visited the department of psychiatry of hallym university hospital and met the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of MDD by the korean version of MINI-Plus 5.0.0. The patients were divided into suicidal attempters (n=43) and non-suicidal attempters (n=64) using C-SSRS. The one-way ANOVA was used to compare MMPI-2-RF scale scores between two groups. Additionally, ANCOVA was conducted considering the severity of depressive symptom and comorbidity as covariate. Results : Our results showed that Suicide/Death Ideation (SUI), Inefficacy (NFC) and Interpersonal Passivity (IPP) scales were significantly higher in the MDD patients with suicidal attempt compared to MDD patients without suicidal attempt (p<0.05). However, after controlling for the severity of depressive symptom and comorbidity, SUI scale showed a significant tendency (p<0.10). Conclusions : The result suggests that MMPI-2-RF scales could be a useful tool for identifying patients transitioning to actual suicidal attempts in the moderate or severe major depressive disorder group. Limitations of this study and directions for further research are also discussed.

소아 급성 위장관염의 중증도 평가를 위한 기존 중증도 점수척도들의 비교

최지현,정태웅,김성준,정주영,김민성,한승범,강진한,김상용,임정우,김황민,박재홍,조대선,마상혁,정혜숙,천두성,고대균,김종현,Choi, Jee-Hyun,Jung, Tae Woong,Kim, Seong Joon,Chung, Ju-Young,Kim, Min-Sung,Han, Seung Beom,Kang, Jin-Han,Kim, Sang Yong,Rhim, Jung 대한소아감염학회 2014 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.21 No.1

목적: 급성 위장관염으로 입원한 소아 환자들의 중증도를 여러 척도로 평가하여 각 척도간의 차이를 비교하고, 원인 바이러스가 밝혀진 예를 따로 분류하여 원인 병원체에 따른 임상양상 및 중증도의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 전향적으로 전국 8개 지역 9개 의료기관의 소아청소년과에 급성 위장관염으로 진단받아 입원한 5세 미만의 환자를 대상으로 Vesikari 척도, Clark 척도, 수정 Flores 척도로 중증도를 평가하였다. 연구군으로부터 수집된 분변 검체로 로타바이러스, 장 아데노바이러스는 효소면역법으로, 노로바이러스, 아스트로바이러스, 사포바이러스는 RT-PCR 방법으로 검출하였다. 결과: 최종 연구 대상군은 총 214례로 남녀비는 1.58:1이고, 연령층은 6개월 미만이 35명(16.4%), 6-23개월이 105명(49.1%), 24-59개월이 74명(34.5%)이었다. Vesikari 척도와 Clark 척도간 일치율은 0.521 (P<0.001)이고, '중증'인 경우가 Vesikari 척도는 60.7%, Clark 척도는 2.3%로 Clark 척도가 '중증' 평가에 더욱 엄격하였다. 결론: 급성 위장관염의 중증도를 평가하는 각 척도들간에는 차이가 있었다. 각 연구자들의 결과를 객관적으로 비교하기 위해서는 척도를 하나로 통일하거나 각 척도들의 평가기준을 모두 조사하여 각 척도의 중증도를 동시에 얻는 것이 필요하다. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the disease severity of children suffering from gastroenteritis using different scales. The results are compared and subsequently classified on the basis of the type of virus causing the disease in order to investigate the differences in clinical characteristics and disease severity according to pathogen. Method: This study was conducted prospectively with patients under 5 years of age diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis and hospitalized at 9 medical institutions in 8 regions across the Republic of Korea. Disease severity was evaluated using the Vesikari Scale, the Clark Scale, and the modified Flores Scale. Fecal samples collected from patients were used to detect rotavirus and enteric adenovirus by enzyme immunoassay, and for RT-PCR of norovirus, astrovirus, and sapovirus. Results: There were a total of 214 patients with a male : female ratio of 1.58 : 1, of which 35 were under the age of 6 months (16.4%), 105 were aged 6-23 months (49.1%), and 74 were aged 24-59 months (34.5%). The rate of concordance between the Vesikari and Clark Scales was 0.521 (P<0.001) and, in severe cases, the Vesikari Scale was 60.7% and Clark Scale was 2.3%, indicating that the Clark Scale was stricter in the evaluation of severe cases. Conclusions: In children with gastroenteritis, there were differences in disease severity based on the scale used. Therefore, to achieve consistent results among researchers, either only a single scale or a measure of all scales should be used to determine disease severity.

분쟁해결을 위한 대체적 수단으로서 ITLOS 권고적 의견 절차 활용 - SRFC 권고적 의견 사건(사건번호 21)을 중심으로 -

최지현,Choi, Jee-hyun 한국해양과학기술원 2022 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.44 No.2

SRFC (Sub-Regional Fisheries Commission) requested to the ITLOS (International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea) an advisory opinion relating to the IUU (Illegl, Unreported, and Unregulated) fishing (Case No-21 of the ITLOS). Since, in the UNCLOS, there is no article authorizing the jurisdiction of the ITLOS full court's Advisory opinion, so various scholarly opinion wad divided. But ITLOS delivered its Advisory opinion confirming its jurisdictional competence over the Advisory proceedings with its legal opinion about the IUU issues. It opens new possibility of the alternative dispute settlement mechanism of the ITLOS through the advisory procedures. In reality, there has been a view that ICJ (International Court of Justice) could take the part of a kind of dispute settlement through its Advisory procedures. But the advisory procedures of the ITLOS, with no definite clause in UNCLOS about the advisory procedures, which provides more allowances for the function of advisory opinion as the alternative dispute settlement mechanism. ITLOS accepted the requests of the advisory opinion by the State parties through international organization or themselves directly. And the advisory opinion of the ITLOS aims the interpretation and application into the special issues-specially IUU fishing in Case No. 21 of the ITLOS-. Those factors could enable more enhanced role of the ITLOS as an alternative dispute settlement mechanism. But those possibility has contain risk of excessive and unlimited advisory role of the ITLOS. So it is important to focus on the restriction on the role of the State parties in the request of the advisory opinion to the ITLOS. In this regard it is meaningful that the ITLOS has suggested a kind of legal standing in the advisory procedures in that only coastal States could request the Advisory opinion about the IUU in their EEZ. Furthermore the discretionary power of the ITLOS in the Article 138 of the Rules of the Tribunal could curtail the abuse of the Advisory opinion initiated by the States parties of the UNCLOS. Under this framework, Advisory opinion could broaden more alternative option to the disputes between State parties of the UNCLOS in that after being delivered detailed interpretation of the UNCLOS about the specific issues, States parties could devote themselves to searching for flexible solution for the disputes between State parties. It could obtain legal explanation about the dispute under the Article 297 and Article 298 by detouring the jurisdiction limits through advisory procedures.

평균기온과 식생의 영향을 고려한 격자기반 일 지표토양온도 예측 모형 개발

최지현 ( Chi Hyun Choi ),최대규 ( Dae Gyu Choi ),최현일 ( Hyun Il Choi ),김경헌 ( Kyung Hyun Kim ),김상단 ( Sang Dan Kim ) 한국물환경학회 2012 한국물환경학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Land surface temperature in ecohydrology is a variable that links surface structure to soil processes and yet its spatial prediction across landscapes with variable surface structure is poorly understood. And there are an insufficient number of soil temperature monitoring stations. In this study, a grid-based land surface temperature prediction model is proposed. Target sites are Andong and Namgang dam region. The proposed model is run in the following way. At first, geo-referenced site specific air temperatures are estimated using a kriging technique from data collected from 60 point weather stations. Then surface soil temperature is computed from the estimated geo-referenced site-specific air temperature and normalized difference vegetation index. After the model is calibrated with data collected from observed remote-sensed soil temperature, a soil temperature map is prepared based on the predictions of the model for each geo-referenced site. The daily and monthly simulated soil temperature shows that the proposed model is useful for reproducing observed soil temperature. Soil temperatures at 30 and 50 cm of soil depth are also well simulated.

호흡과 감응: 읽기에 관한 신체론적 이해

최지현 ( Ji Hyun Choi ) 한국독서학회 2016 독서연구 Vol.0 No.38

이 논의의 목적은 읽기 행위가 갖는 본래적 의미를 되살리기 위한 일환으로 읽기의 신체성 개념을 검토하려는 데 있다. 읽기 행위란, 의미를 구성하는 기호적 실천으로서, 그 행위가 행위 주체로서 독자의 실재성을 드러내며, 행위로서 읽기의 실천성을 포착하고, 행위의 지향처로서 필자의 현전성을 확인할 수 있어야 하며, 따라서 이를 위해 필요한 개념적 요구를 충족해야한다. 곧, 읽기 행위는 물리적이며, 주도적이고, 감각적인 과정으로 규정되어야 한다. 논의의 배경에는 근본적으로는 읽기의 소통 불가능성이라는 문제상황이 자리 잡고 있다. 언어에 대한 객관주의적 설명이 야기한 이 문제상황은 이후 구성주의와 의사소통이론에 의해 해소되는 듯 보였지만, 독서교육의 장에서이 입장들이 읽기 과정에 대한 합리주의적 설명을 시도하면서 다시금 근본문제에 부닥치게 되었다. 의미 구성 과정으로서의 읽기에 주목하면서 독자의 읽기 행위가 갖는 능동성을 부각하였음에도 불구하고, 구성주의적 읽기교육 이론은 이 행위를 정신적 과정으로 제한해 둠으로써 의미의 구성이갖는 실천적, 주체 구성적 의미를 놓치고 다시금 선험적이고 객관주의적인읽기로 후퇴하고 있다. 또한 읽기의 대화적 속성에 주목함으로써 읽기행위가 갖는 실천적 의의를 부각하였음에도 불구하고, 의사소통적 읽기 교육이론은 이 과정을 정보 처리적 과정처럼 묘사함으로써 의미의 기원이 다시필자에게로 회귀되는 문제를 안게 되었다. 이 글에서는 읽기 행위의 신체성 개념을 통해 읽기의 소통 불가능한 문제상황을 해소할 단서를 얻고자 하였다. 음독이든, 혹은 묵독이든 간에 읽기과정에서 호흡이 갖는 의미 실현의 중요한 작용들을 살피고, 읽기 과정에서 ‘감응’이 갖는 상호 이해의 가능성을 검토하였다. The purpose of this study is to inquire the concept of corporality of reading to rehabilitate the primary significance of reading acts. As the semiotic practices the reading acts should reveal the spontaneousness of a reader as an initiative actor, the practicability of reading as physical acting, and the presence of a writer as an perceptible object. That is, reading acts should be defined as initiative, physical, and perceptible process. The background of this discussion basically is holding a problematic situation of incommunicability in reading. We have assessed that this problematic situation was resolved by the constructivism and communication theory, although it had caused by objectivistic explaining for the language. However, while these approaches have attempted to rationalistic explanation of the reading process in reading education, the issue of incommunicability is emerging and going back to the original problem. I tried to find a clue to solve this problem through the concept of ‘corporality’ in reading acts. To this end, I reviewed the important roles of realizing significance of ‘respiration’ in reading process and discussed the possibility of ‘inspiration’ for mutual understanding.

중학교 디자인 수업의 흥미도, 이해도, 만족도 평가 연구

최지현(Ji Hyun Choi),장광집(Kwang Chib Chang) 경희대학교 산학협력단 예술디자인연구원 2014 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.17 No.1

농어업 부가가치의 새로운 창출을 위한 식품산업의 중장기 발전 전략(3/5차연도)

최지현(Ji-Hyeon Choi),전창곤(Chang-Gon Jeon),이용선(Yong-Sun Lee),장재봉(Jae Bong Chang),조소현(So-Hyun Cho),하홍근,박규은,전혜미,박재홍,강혜정 한국농촌경제연구원 2011 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

구글 맵 기반 안심귀가 시스템

최지현(Ji-Hyun Choi),윤희용(Hee-Yong Youn) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2014 한국컴퓨터정보학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.22 No.1

최근 여성, 아동을 대상으로 한 범죄 발생률이 증가 하고 있다. 이러한 통계를 기반으로 우리 생활 깊숙이 자리 매김한 스마트폰 애플리케이션을 활용하여 범죄를 예방에 도움을 줄 수 있는 애플리케이션을 개발 하였다. SQLite를 이용한 Database기능과 Google API Package의 MapView를 사용하여 지인의 정보를 놓고 언제든지 사용자의 위치정보를 빠르게 전달할 수 있는 앱을 구현 하여 주기적인 위치전송으로 인한 사용자의 위치파악이 가능하고, 위급상황 시 긴급전화를 이용하여 사고 대처가 가능하며, GPS를 이용한 본인의 위치 주변 지리 파악이 용이하다. 또한 수신자가 발신자의 이동경로를 한눈에 봄으로써 위치파악에 용이 함으로 안전한 귀가 서비스를 제공한다.