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막 단백질인 Proteorhodopsin과 Anabaena Sensory Rhodopsin의 다양한 측정 환경에 따른 광화학/생물리학적 특성
최아름,한송이,정영호,정광환,Choi, Ah-Reum,Han, Song-I,Chung, Young-Ho,Jung, Kwang-Hwan 한국미생물학회 2011 미생물학회지 Vol.47 No.1
Chromophore로 레티날(vitamin A)을 사용하는 막 단백질인 로돕신은 7개의 막 단백질로 이루어진다. 최근 광화학/생물리학 측정 방법이 다양해지면서, 그에 따른 새로운 특성도 함께 다양하게 보고되고 있다. 하지만, 다양한 측정 환경에 따른 그 광화학/생물리학 특성의 차이점에 대한 비교연구는 없는 상태이다. 첫째, 빛 에너지를 이용하여 수소 이온 펌프 역할 하는 것으로 잘 알려져 있는 roteorhodopsin (PR)은 해양 proteobacteria에서 발견 되었다. 둘째, 한 오페론에서 14 kDa 전달자와 같이 발현되면서 신호 전달 기능을 하는 Anabaena sensory rhodopsin (ASR)이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 이 두 미생물 로돕신을 이용하여 다양한 조건에서 그 차이를 살펴보았다. 각 단백질이 막에 끼어 있는 상태(membrane state), polyacrylamide gel에 고정되어 있는 상태, nonionic detergent일종인 DDM (n-dodecyl-${\beta}$-D-maltopyranoside)과, OG (octyl-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside)에 녹아 있는 상태, 좀더 자연상태와 유사한 환경을 위해 단백질만 깨끗하게 정제한 다음 다시 Escherichia coli의 지질인 DOPC (1,2-didecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine)에 재조립한 상태, 이렇게 5가지 조건에서 각각의 광화학/생물리학 특징을 흡수스펙트럼(absorption spectrum), 빛-어둠 차이 흡수스펙트럼(light-induced difference spectrum), 포토사이클(photocycle)을 측정하였다. 그 결과 DDM에 녹아 있는 PR과 ASR에서 각 다른 파장에서 M과 O state와 같은 선명한 photointermediate를 가지고, 가장 signal/noise 비율이 좋았다. 본 연구를 통해 막단백질의 다양한 측정 환경에 대한 그 특성의 차이점을 살펴봄으로써 앞으로 다양한 종류의 로돕신 연구에 기초 기반이 될 것으로 사료된다. Rhodopsin is a membrane protein with seven transmembrane region which contains a retinal as its chromophore. Although there have been recently reports on various photo-biochemical features of rhodopsins by a wide range of purifying and measurement methods, there was no actual comparison related to the difference of biochemical characteristics according to their physical environment of rhodopsins. First, proteorhodopsin (PR) was found in marine proteobacteria whose function is known for pumping proton using light energy. Second one is Anabaena sensory rhodopsin (Nostoc sp.) PCC7120 (ASR) which belongs to eubacteria acts as sensory regulator since it is co-expressed with transducer 14 kDa in an operon. In this study, we applied two types of rhodopsins (PR and ASR) to various environmental conditions such as in Escherichia coli membranes, membrane in acrylamide gel, in DDM (n-dodecyl-${\beta}$-D-maltopyranoside), OG (octyl-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside), and reconstituted with DOPC (1,2-didecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). According to the light-induced difference spectroscopy, rhodopsins in 0.02% DDM clearly showed photointermediates like M, and O states which respond to the different wavelengths, respectively and showed the best signal/noise ratio. The laser-induced difference spectra showed the fast formation and decay rate of photointermediates in the DDM solubilized samples than gel encapsulated rhodopsin. Each of rhodopsins seemed to be adapted to its surrounding environment.
체질량 지수 25 이상의 과체중군에서 신장질환과 관련된 인자들에 대한 연구
최아름,박성신,김성도,조병수,Choi, Ah-Reum,Park, Sung-Sin,Kim, Sung-Do,Cho, Byoung-Soo 대한소아신장학회 2009 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.13 No.1
Purpose : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and obesity are the worldwide public health problem. Obesity is an already well-established risk factor for CKD. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between high BMI and increased risk for nephropathy by clinical data. Methods : Study group were 26 patients who had $BMI{\geq}25\;kg/m^2$ and control group were 49 patients with BMI<$25\;kg/m^2$. Both groups received renal biopsy in Kyung Hee Medical Center between 2003. Jan.-2007. Dec. BMI was calculated from measured weight and height when they were admitted to the hospital. We collected laboratory data such as CBC and blood chemistry. Results : Our hypothesis was that overweight and obesity are associated with incidence and progression of CKD. From kidney biopsy, we found IgAN 17, MesPGN 5, HSPN 2, Intestitial nephritis 1, IgMN 1 (total 26) in the study group whereas IgAN 22, MesPGN 17, HSPN 3, MGN 3, benign hematuria 2, MPGN 1, Intestitial nephritis 1, (total 49) were found in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Overweight patients demonstrated significantly higher platelet, TG, ALT, and uric acid level compared to control group. Conclusion : We identified a significant relationship between overweight and development of CKD. These results suggest that overweight children have an increased risk for CKD than those who are not obese. So, we should pay attention to children with overweight who have CKD and earlier weight management is crucial to prevent aggravation of CKD. 목 적 : 비만은 이제 전 세계적인 보건 문제 중의 하나로서 고혈압과 당뇨를 통해 만성 신장 질환 그리고 말기 신부전을 매개한다는 것은 이미 잘 알려진 사실이다. 본 연구에서는 현미경적 혈뇨 또는 단백뇨를 보여 본원에 내원하여 신생검을 시행한 초기 만성신질환 환아 중 체질량 지수 25 이상 되는 과체중군에서 신장 질환의 위험도를 증가시키고 신기능 악화인자로 작용할 수 있는 임상인자들에 대해 정상 체중군의 신질환 환아들과 비교 분석하였다. 방 법 : 2003년 1월부터 2007년 12월까지 지난 5년간 경희대학교 소아청소년과에 지속적인 혈뇨 또는 단백뇨 동반을 주소로 신생검을 시행한 4-18세의 소아 및 청소년 가운데 체질량 지수가 25 이상인 과체중군 26명(남:여=19:7)과 정상 체중의 대조군 49명(남:여=35:14), 총 75명(남:여=54:21)을 대상으로 신체 계측하고, 24시간 요 검사 및 일반 혈액학, 생화학 검사를 측정하였다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서 신질환의 진행과 악화, 심혈관계 합병증, 지방간의 진행과 관계있는 인자들이 과체중군의 환아들에게서 만성 신질환 초기에도 유의있게 높은 수치를 보여주었다. 따라서 과체중을 동반한 만성 신질환 환아들의 경우 비만에 대한 주의 깊은 관찰과 신질환의 악화를 막기 위한 조기 진단과 치료 및 예방에 힘쓰는 것이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.
연구논문 : 설악산 양사면 하천에서의 고도차에 따른 저서성 대형무척추동물 군집의 공간 분포
최아름 ( Ah Reum Choi ),김아름 ( Ah Reum Kim ),손세환 ( Se Hwan Son ),양희정 ( Hee Jung Yang ),공동수 ( Dongsoo Kong ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2014 한국물환경학회지 Vol.30 No.1
There are marked differences in climate condition between east-facing slopes and west-facing slopes in Mt. Seorak (1,708 m). This study was conducted to find out the differences of benthic macroinvertebrate communities between both slopes of Mt. Seorak. Quantitative (Surber net; 30 cm х 30 cm, mesh: 1 mm) and qualitative (Hand net; mesh: 1 mm) samplings ware carried out seasonally in each site which had 100-meter-high difference from November 2010 to November 2011. Most of the survey sites showed sound environmental conditions because they were located in the protection area of the national park. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected from all survey sites were composed of 158 species, 62families, 17 orders, 7 classes and 5phyla. DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) ordination based on the abundance of benthic mactoinvertebrates showed that altitude was a major factor governing the structure of benthic macroinvertebrate community. There was no significant difference of the communities between both slopes.
손현일(Hyun-Il Son),최아름(Ah-Reum Choi),이성훈(Sung-Hoon Lee),김진오(Jin-O Kim),전동훈(Dong-Hoon Jeon) 대한전기학회 2009 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.7
As the electrical power industry is restructured, the electrical power exchange is becoming extended. One of the key information used to determine how much power can be transferred through the network is known as available transfer capability (ATC). To calculate ATC, traditional deterministic approach is based on the severest case, but the approach has the complexity of procedure. Therefore, novel approach for ATC calculation is proposed using cost-optimization method in this paper, and is compared with well-being method and risk-benefit method. This paper proposes the optimal transfer capability of HVDC system between mainland and a separated island in Korea through these three methods. These methods will consider production cost, wheeling charge through HVDC system and outage cost with one depth (N-1 contingency).
근접장 마이크로파 현미경을 이용한 로돕신의 광학적 특성 연구
유경선,김송희,윤영운,이기진,이정하,최아름,정광환,Yu, Kyung-Son,Kim, Song-Hui,Yoon, Young-Woon,Lee, Kie-Jin,Lee, Jung-Ha,Choi, Ah-Reum,Jung, Kwang-Hwan 한국전기전자재료학회 2007 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.20 No.1
We report the electro-optical properties of the sensory rhodopsin II using a near-field scanning microwave microscope(NSMM). Rhodopsin was known as a photoreceptor pigment with a retinal as a chromophore via a protonated Schiff base and consists of seven ${\alpha}-helical$ transmembrane segments. The sensory rhodopsin II, expressing E. coli UT5600 with endogenous retinal biosynthesis system and purified with $Ni^{-2}-NTA$ affinity chromatography in the presence of 0.02 % DM (Dodecyl Maltoside) from Natronomonas pharaonis. We measured the absorption spectra and the transients difference of sensory rhodopsin II from Natronomonas pharaonis using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer with Nd-Yag Laser (532 nm). The absorption spectra of NpSR II showed a typical rhodopsin spectrum with a left shoulder region and the photointermediates spectra of NpSR II-ground state (${\lambda}max=498\;nm$), NpSR II-M state (${\lambda}max=390\;nm$), and NpSR II-O state (${\lambda}max=550\;nm$) during the photocycle. The observed photocycle reaction was confirmed by measuring the microwave reflection coefficient $S_{11}$ at an operating frequency of f=3.93-3.95 GHz and compared with the results of a photocycle of NpSR II.
기후변화의 생물학적 평가를 위한 한국온수생물지수(KTI)의 개발 및 적용
공동수 ( Dongsoo Kong ),김진영 ( Jin Young Kim ),손세환 ( Se Hwan Son ),오민우 ( Min Woo Oh ),최아름 ( Ah Reum Choi ),변명섭 ( Myeong Seop Byeon ) 한국물환경학회 2013 한국물환경학회지 Vol.29 No.1
The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean thermality index based on the distribution patterns of benthic macroinvertebrates according to altitude and latitude. Analyzing seasonal data (4,583 sampling units) surveyed and collected during 2007~2011 at 846 sites in South Korea we estimated thermal valency thermal value and indicator weight value of 208 species. Among them 40 species in 6 orders (Decapoda 1 species Collembola I species Ephemeroptera 5 species Plecoptera 17 species Diptera 3 species Trichoptera 13 species) were selected as the candidate indicator species sensitive and vulnerable to warmth along with climate change. KTI and Benthic macroinvertebrate index were tested at three clean streams (Hangye stream Buk stream and Bangtae stream). KTI showed significant differences according to altitude and water temperature whereas the saprobity index BMI showed little differences. This result means that KTI can be applicable to assess the impact of water temperature independently of organic of pollutants.