Ginsenosides Enhance the Transduction of Tat-Superoxide Dismutase into Mammalian Cells and Skin

최수영,김대원,음원식,장상호,Chang Sik Yoon,최희순,Soo Hyun Choi,Young Hoon Kim,So Young Kim,Eun Shil Lee,Nam-In Baek,Hyeok Yil Kwon,Jin Hi Choi,Yoon Chul Choi,Oh-Shin Kwon,조성우,Kyuhyung Han,Kil Soo Lee,Jinseu Park 한국분자세포생물학회 2003 Molecules and cells Vol.16 No.3

Catalytic and Structural Properties of 4-Aminobutyrate Aminotransferase

최수영,김두식,Choi, Soo-Young,Kim, Doo-Sik 생화학분자생물학회 1991 한국생화학회지 Vol.24 No.5

4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase(GABA transaminase)는 lysyl group에 특이한 Bis-PLP나 -SH group에 특이한 DTNB 또는 DPD에 의하여 효소가 불활성화 되었으며 이 불활성화는 효소의 기질인 ${\alpha}$-ketoglutarate의 결합부위에 lysyl group과 cysteinyl group이 위치하고 있음을 보여주는 것이다. GABA transaminase의 second catalytic site에 대한 구조적 특성을 밝히기 위하여 native 효소를 $NaBH_4$로 환원시킨 후 몇 가지 아미노산 기질을 이용하여 kinetic parameters를 조사해 본 결과 큰 차이가 없음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 second catalytic site가 구조적으로나 작용기적으로 native 효소의 catalytic site와 같다는 것을 나타낸다. 마지막으로 native 효소에서 cofactor가 떨어졌을 때(apo 효소) 구조적 변화를 가져왔다. 이는 효소가 in vivo에서 합성될 때 불안정한 apo enzyme으로 만들어진 후 cofactor가 binding 함으로써 촉매 기능적으로 또는 구조적으로 안정화 된다고 본다. 4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA transaminase) was inactivated by either lysyl or sulfhydryl reagents. The inhibitory effect was protected by ${\alpha}$-ketoglutarate, one of the substrate of GABA transaminase. These are powerful evidence that lysyl and cysteinyl residues are located in catalytic domain of the enzyme. The function of the second catalytic site of the enzyme was also examined. After reduction with $NaBH_4$ followed by cofactor reconstitution, the reduced enzyme was capable of catalyzing transamination reaction of the amino substrate, such as 4-aminobutyrate, ${\beta}$-alanine or 5-aminovalerate. Since there is no significant difference in the catalytic parameter between the native and reduced enzymes, it seems reasonable to conclude that the additional catalytic site is functionally identical to the catalytic site of the native enzyme. Moreover, apoenzyme undergoes conformational changes upon binding of cofactor pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) which indicates that apoenzyme becomes conformationally stabilized as a consequence of the cofactor binding.

Comparison of shearbond strength between metal and indirect resin according to the different conditionings

최수영,최현민,문홍석,심준성,박영범,이근우,Choi, Su-Young,Choi, Hyunmin,Moon, Hong-Seok,Shim, June-Sung,Park, Young-Bum,Lee, Geun-Woo The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2017 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.55 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in bond strength of four different indirect composites to the gold alloy and Ni-Cr alloy according to type of metal surface treatment after water storage. Materials and methods: Type IV gold alloy and Ni-Cr alloy were used for casting alloy while four types of indirect composite resins (Gradia, Tescera Sinfony and in;joy) were used in this study. Metal specimens were produced by casting and total of 240 specimens (60 specimens per one indirect composite group) were prepared. After bonding indirect composite resin and undergoing 24 hours of polymerization, customized jig was attached to the metal specimen and shear bond strength were measured using universal testing machine. Also, differences in shear bond strength before and after water storage for 240 hours were also measured. Results: In the measurement of shear bond strength according to the metal surface treatments, bead group showed high strength followed by loop and flatting group (P<.05). After being stored in water bath for 240 hours, Gradia showed statistically significant high bond strength compared to other indirect composite resins in all groups (P<.05). Conclusion: Shearbond strength was found to be different according to type of metal surface treatment and type of metal used after storage in water. Further studies need to be developed for clinical practices as three are still problems of microleakage, stain or wear. 목적: 본 연구에서는 4종의 간접복합레진에 대하여 금합금과 Ni-Cr합금에 대한 결합강도의 차이와 각각의 합금에 표면형태를 다르게 하여 일정한 온도의 증류수에 보관 전과 후에 전단결합강도의 차이가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법: 금속 시편을 주조 제작하였는데, 금합금과 Ni-Cr합금의 표면형태를 flatting, bead, loop로 하여 4종의 간접복합레진(Gradia, Tescera Sinfony and in;joy)당 60개씩 총 240개를 준비하였다. 이후 금속표면에 각각의 제조사에서 지시한대로 간접 복합레진을 접착하였다. 간접복합레진의 중합 24시간 후에 만능시험기를 이용하여 전용 지그에 금속시편을 부착 후, 전단결합강도를 측정하였다. 또한 증류수에 240시간 보관 후에 같은 방법으로 전단결합강도를 측정하였다. 결과: 금속의 표면 형태에 따른 전단결합강도 측정에서 4종의 레진 모두 bead군에서 높은 결합강도를 보였고 loop, flatting 순이었다 (P < .05). 수조에서 240시간 보관 후에는 Gradia가 모든 군에서 다른 레진 군에 비해 비슷하거나, 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 (P < .05) 전단결합강도를 나타내었다. 결론: 금속표면의 형태에 따라, 금속의 종류에 따라, 물속 보관 전후에 따라 금속과 간접복합레진의 결합력의 차이를 나타내었고 추가 실험을 통해 최적의 조합에 따른 임상에서의 적용가능성을 보여주었다.

GABA transaminase 의 새로운 보조인자 유사체로서의 6 - Br - pyridoxal - 5 - phosphate

최수영,위세찬,김두식 ( Soo Young Choi,Sechan Wee,Doo Sik Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 1989 BMB Reports Vol.22 No.2

6-Br-pyridoxal-5-phosphate, a new cofactor analog of pyridoxal-5-phosphate, was synthesized and purified homogeneously by organic and enzymatic methods. This cofactor analog binds to cofactor binding site of GABA transaminase. Resolved and reduced GABA transaminase restore the catalytic activity by 6-Br-PLP. These results indicate that the 6-Br-PLP remains covalently attached to the amino acid residue of the catalytic site and acts like natural cofactor.

6-Br-Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate a New Cofactor Analog of GABA Transaminase

최수영,위세찬,김두식,Choi, Soo-Young,Wee, Se-Chan,Kim, Doo-Sik 생화학분자생물학회 1989 한국생화학회지 Vol.22 No.2

여러 효소의 자연적인 보조인자인 pyridoxal-5-phosphate의 새로운 유사체로서 6-Br-pyridoxal-5-phosphate를 유기합성과 효소를 이용한 합성방법에 의해 순수분리 정제하였다. 자외선 흡수 또는 형광 분광법에 의해 이 보조인자 유사체는 신경조직에서 신경전달물질의 하나로 알려진 GABA (4-aminobutyate)의 분해효소인 GABA transaminase의 보조인자 결합자리에 붙어서 resolved 또는 reduced GABA transaminase의 효소 활성도를 복구시켰다. 이러한 사실들은 6-Br-PLP가 GABA transaminase의 catalytic site에 있는 아미노산과 공유결합을 하여 자연적인 보조인자와 같은 역할을 한다고 볼 수 있다. 6-Br-pyridoxal-5-phosphate, a new cofactor analog of pyridoxal-5-phosphate, was synthesized and purified homogeneously by organic and enzymatic methods. This cofactor analog binds to cofactor binding site of GABA transaminase. Resolved and reduced GABA transaminase restore the catalytic activity by 6-Br-PLP. These results indicate that the 6-Br-PLP remains covalently attached to the amino acid residue of the catalytic site and acts like natural cofactor.

이온빔 보조 증착법에 의한 TiN 박막도포가 니켈-크롬-베릴륨 합금의 표면 성상에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

최수영,이선형,장익태,양재호,정헌영,Choi, Soo-Young,Lee, Sun-Hyung,Chang, Ik-Tae,Yang, Jae-Ho,Chung, Hun-Young 대한치과보철학회 1999 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.37 No.2

Dental restorative materials must have the physical properties to withstand wear and corrosion. Base metal alloys possess better mechanical properties and lower price than the gold alloys. For these reasons such alloys have largely replaced the precious metal alloys. One aspect to con-sider is the release of metal substances to oral environment. The release of elements from dental alloys is a continuing concern because the elements may have the potentially harmful biological effects on local tissues. The purpose of this study was to minimize metal release on the nonprecious metal surfaces by ion beam assisted deposition(IBAD) of titanium nitride (TiN) Ni-Cr-Be alloys with and without TiN coatings were secured in an wear test machine opposing ruby ball to determine their relative resistance to wear with loom, 200m, 300m and 400m sliding distance. And the corrosion behavior of the Ni-Cr-Be alloys with and without TiN coatings and 3 dental noble alloys have been studied. Potentiodynamic curves were used to analyse the corrosion characteristics of the alloys. The measurement of the released Ni and Cr ions was conducted by analysis of the electrolyte solution with atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results were as follows : 1. The critical sliding distance that wore down TiN coatings of $2.5{\mu}m$ thickness in this study condition was 300m. 2. Ion beam assisted deposition of TiN showed a good surface modification with respect to the properties of wear and corrosion resistance. 3. X-ray diffraction showed that the strongest peak of TiN is TiN(111) in the coatings. 4. The release of Ni and Cr ions from alloys measured by means of atomic absorption spectroscopy was reduced by ion beam assisted deposition of TiN.

후판 절곡 Z형 보의 내부 휨 반경에 따른 연성거동

최수영,최병호,Choi. Su Young,Choi. Byung Ho 한국방재학회 2013 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.13 No.1

구조부재를 절곡해서 제작하면 후판 절단 및 용접 과정을 줄일 수 있어 경제적일 수 있다. 하지만 후판의 절곡 제작기준이나 검토 방안이 명확히 제시되어 있지 않은데다, 변형경화로 인해 연성이 저하되므로 8 mm 이내 판두께 범위에 대해 주로 적용되어 왔다. 국내외 제작기준에서는 냉간 휨가공 시의 절곡내경-판두께비(<TEX>$r_i/t$</TEX>)를 제한하고 있으며, 주로 충격인성에 대해 관련 규준들이 제시되고 있다. 절곡 제작된 부재가 휨부재로써 활용되기 위해서 충분한 휨연성을 확보하는지에 대한 검토가 필요하다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 판두께 24 mm의 SM490후판을 절곡한 Z형 단면 보에 대해 <TEX>$r_i/t$</TEX>에 따른 구조휨연성에 대한 영향을 해석적으로 비교하였다. <TEX>$r_i/t$</TEX>가 15와 5로 절곡한 재료특성을 실험적으로 획득하고 이를 반영한 해석모형을 수립하여 비교연구를 수행하였다. 본 해석모형 절곡 보의 휨강도는 AASHTO LRFD 비탄성 설계기준강도에 도달하는 것으로 해석되었고 <TEX>$r_i/t$</TEX>가 5인 보의 휨연성도는 약 15% 내외 저감되지만 최소 4 이상 확보하며 충분한 수준을 유지하는 것으로 분석되었다. 추후 본 해석적 연구방식의 실용적 활용을 위해서는 실험적 검증에 의한 검교정 과정이 요구된다. Press-braked cross-section beams might be easily fabricated as economic plate structures due to the reduction of cutting and welding process. However, there is not sufficient a proper guide or relevant researches on press-braking fabrication of thick plates. Current fabrication guides and manuals speculate limitation of inside bend radii to thickness ratio (<TEX>$r_i/t$</TEX>) for cold-bending for relatively thin plates. Press-braked beams have to be verified as to a sufficient structural ductility. Thus, the main objective of this study is to provide a relative evaluation of effect of <TEX>$r_i/t$</TEX> on the moment-plastic rotation capacity of press-braked Z-shape beams which are fabricated by using SM490 24mm thick steel plates. Comparative studies are conducted for the press-braked beams with <TEX>$r_i/t$</TEX> values of 5 and 15. Through the finite element analyses, it is found that the press-braked beam model with <TEX>$r_i/t$</TEX> of 5 could attain the plastic moment strength suggested by the AASHTO LRFD and also show the rotational capacity exceeding 4, which means it has a sufficient structural ductility. More experimental studies are required for calibration of the analytical method for practical use.

Transduced Human Copper Chaperone for Cu,Zn-SOD (PEP-1-CCS) Protects Against Neuronal Cell Death

최수영,Soo Hyun Choi,김대원,김소영,Jae Jin An,Sun Hwa Lee,최희순,Eun Jung Sohn,Seok-Il Hwang,원무호,강태천,Hyung Joo Kwon,Jung Hoon Kang,조성우,박진서,음원식 한국분자세포생물학회 2005 Molecules and cells Vol.20 No.3

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the development of various human diseases. Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of the major means by which cells counteract the deleterious effects of ROS. SOD activity is dependent upon bound copper ions supplied by its partner metallochaperone protein, copper chaperone for SOD (CCS). In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of PEP-1-CCS against neuronal cell death and ischemic insults. When PEP-1-CCS was added to the culture medium of neuronal cells, it rapidly entered the cells and protected them against paraquat-induced cell death. Moreover, transduced PEP-1-CCS markedly increased endogenous SOD activity in the cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that it prevented neuronal cell death in the hippocampus in response to transient forebrain ischemia. These results suggest that CCS is essential to activate SOD, and that transduction of PEP-1-CCS provides a potential strategy for therapeutic delivery in various human diseases including stroke related to SOD or ROS.

단일병원 신생아 환자의 메티실린내성 황색포도알균 보균율

최수영,한상우,윤혜선,기모란,Choi, Soo Young,Han, Sang Woo,Yoon, Hye Sun,Ki, Moran 대한소아감염학회 2012 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.19 No.3

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the colonization rate of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in neonates by different clinical characteristics, to presume the origin of MRSA acquisition, and to identify the risk factors associated with MRSA colonization. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,733 neonates admitted to Seoul Eulji hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between January 2008 and December 2011. Nasal, inguinal and rectal swab specimens were obtained upon admission and each week until discharge. We classified the route of MRSA acquisition as; hospital associated (HA-MRSA) and community associated (CA-MRSA) according to the case definition. Results: Among 1,733 neonates, 415 (23.9%) were colonized with MRSA. Gestational age, birth weight, delivery type, maternal antibiotics usage before delivery, birth place and care place before admission were influencing factors in colonization of MRSA. The colonization rate was significantly high in neonates without maternal prophylactic antibiotics use before delivery than in the other group (relative risk 2.77, 95% CI 1.88-4.07; P<0.01), and outborns showed higher MRSA colonization rate compared to inborns (relative risk 2.28, 95% CI 1.17-4.42; P=0.015). Conclusion: We identified the neonatal MRSA colonization rate to be 23.9%. We estimated HA-MRSA colonization rate to be 10% (51/511) and CA-MRSA colonization rate to be 36% (309/858). We ascertained that risk factors in MRSA colonization in neonates were prophylactic use of antibiotics in mothers and the birth place. 목 적 : 단일 병원 신생아입원실에 입원한 신생아를 대상으로 환자의 임상적 특징에 따른 MRSA 보균율을 알아보고, 그 기원을 추정해 보며, MRSA 보균에 영향을 미치는 요소들을 살펴보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2008년 1월부터 2011년 12월까지 을지대학교 서울 을지병원 신생아 입원실에 입원하여 MRSA 감시배양검사를 시행받은 1,733명의 신생아를 대상으로 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. MRSA 감시배양검사는 비강, 서혜부, 직장에서 시행하였고, 퇴원 시까지 매주 반복 시행 하였다. MRSA 감시배양결과에 따라서 보균자와 비보균자로 나누었다. 결 과 : 대상환자 1,733명 중에 415명(23.9%)이 MRSA 보균자였다. 제태기간, 출생체중, 분만 방식, 분만전 산모에게 항생제 투여 여부, 출생장소, 입원전 체류 장소에 따라서 MRSA 보균율에 차이를 보였다(P<0.001). 다변량 검사에서 분만전 산모에게 예방적 항생제를 투여하지 않은 경우가 투여한 경우에 비해서 신생아가 MRSA 보균자가 될 위험도가 2.8배(OR=2.77; 95% CI, 1.88-4.07), 출생장소가 외부인 경우가 본원인 경우에 비해서 2.3배(OR=2.28; 95% CI, 1.17-4.42) 높음을 확인하였다. 결 론 : 신생아 입원환자를 대상으로 한 MRSA 보균율은 23.9%로 상대적으로 높은 보균율을 확인하였다. 환자특성을 고려하여 추정한 HA-MRSA 보균율은 51/511명(10%), CA-MRSA 보균율은 309/858명(36%) 이었다. 본병원 신생아에서 MRSA 보균과 연관된 요인은 산모의 예방적 항생제 사용여부와 출생장소임을 확인하였다.

Human Liver Catalase: Cloning, Expression and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies

최수영,Li Hua Jin,김대원,음원식,Chang Sik Yoon,장상호,최희순,Soo Hyun Choi,Young Hoon Kim,So Young Kim,Mi Ryoung Jung,강태천,원무호,Hyeon Yong Lee,Jung Hoon Kang,Oh-Shin Kwon,조성우,Kil Soo Lee,Jinseu Park 한국분자세포생물학회 2003 Molecules and cells Vol.15 No.3