광수용체로서의 파이토크롬

채영규 ( Young Gyu Chai ) 생화학분자생물학회 1991 생화학총설집 Vol.3 No.-

장기간 플루세틴 처리에 의한 흰쥐 해마에서의 NCAM140 유전자 발현의 증가

최미란,채영규,정경화,백승연,김석현,노성원,최준호,이준석,최인근,양병환,Choi, Mi Ran,Chai, Young Gyu,Jung, Kyoung Hwa,Baik, Seung Youn,Kim, Seok Hyeon,Roh, Sungwon,Choi, Joonho,Lee, Jun-Seok,Choi, Ihn Geun,Yang, Byung-Hwan 대한생물정신의학회 2009 생물정신의학 Vol.16 No.1

Objectives : Most of the mechanisms reported for antidepressant drugs are the enhancement of neurite outgrowth and neuronal survival in the rat hippocampus. Neural cell adhesion molecule 140(NCAM140) has been implicated as having a role in cell-cell adhesion, neurite outgrowth, and synaptic plasticity. In this report, we have performed to elucidate a correlation among chronic antidepressant treatments, NCAM140 expression, and activation of phosphorylated cyclicAMP responsive element binding protein(pCREB) which is a downstream molecule of NCAM140-mediated intracellular signaling pathway in the rat hippocampus. Methods : Fluoxetine(10mg/kg) was injected acutely(daily injection for 5days) or chronically(daily injection for 14days) in adult rats. RNA and protein were extracted from the rat hippocampus, respectively. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to analyze the expression pattern of NCAM140 gene and western blot analyses for the activation of the phosphorylation ratio of CREB. Results : Chronic fluoxetine treatments increased NCAM140 expression 1.3 times higher than control in rat hippocampus. pCREB immunoreactivity in the rat hippocampus with chronic fluoxetine treatment was increased 4.0 times higher than that of control. Conclusion : Chronic fluoxetine treatment increased NCAM140 expression and pCREB activity in the rat hippocampus. Our data suggest that NCAM140 and pCREB may play a role in the clinical efficacy of antidepressants promoting the neurite outgrowth and neuronal survival.

생쥐 초기배아의 유전자 활성에 미치는 Protein Kinase Inhibitors의 영향

이정은,채영규,배인하,윤용달,김문규,Lee, Jeong-Eun,Chai, Young-Gyu,Bae, In-Ha,Yoon, Young-Dal,Kim, Moon-Kyoo 대한생식의학회 1995 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.22 No.2

Transcriptional activation of the embryonic genome initiates at 2-cell stage in mouse embryo and is characterized by the synthesis of TRC which is restricted to 2-cell stage. To investigate the roles of various protein kinases on the embryonic gene activation, the effects of protein kinase inhibitors on in vitro development and protein synthetic profiles of the early mouse embryos were examinded. None of ${\alpna}-amanitin$ which is a mRNA synthetic inhibitor, H8 which is a PKA inhibitor, and H7 which is a PKC inhibitor, affected on first cleavage of mouse 1-cell embryos in vitro. However, all of these drugs inhibited the second cleavage. When the drugs were removed following treatment for 6 hours, H8 or H7 treatment showed little inhibition on subsequent development of 1-cell embryos to 2-cell stage or further. In contrast, ${\alpna}-amanitin$ irreversibly inhibited the development of 1-cell embryos to 2-cell stage following removal of the drug. Genistein, a TPK inhibitor, inhibited both the first cleavage of 1-cell embryos and the second cleavage of 2-cell embryos, suggesting that TPK activity may be important during the early cleavages. All of the above four drugs inhibited TRC synthesis as shown by the fluorographic analysis of $[^{35}S]-Met$ labeled protein profiles. When late 1-cell embryos were treated with H7 and analyzed synthetic patterns of $[^{35}S]-Met$ labeled protein, the quantitative differences of protein synthesis on SDS-PAGE appeared on 77 kD and 33 kD region at $32{\sim}38$ hours post hCG. From these studies, transcriptional activation of embryonic genome is not essenting to the mouse 1-cell embryos to develop to 2-cell stage. Hawever, TPK activity is reguisite for both the first cleavage and second cleavage. Similarly, both PKC and PKA activities are required for the second cleavage of mouse embryos, but not for the first cleavage.

PC12 세포와 A123.7 세포에서 차별적으로 발현되는 유전자의 검색

백승연,양병환,채영규,Baik, Seung-Youn,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Chai, Young-Gyu 대한생물정신의학회 1999 생물정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

The cAMP-dependent protein kinase(PKA) is an intracellular enzyme with serine-threonine kinase activity that plays a key role in cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis in eukaryotes. In order to understand the PKA signal transduction pathway regulating cell life cycle and identify its role, we focused on the characterization of up-/down-regulated genes by PKA using the differential display polymerase chain reaction. Seven differentially expressed sequence tags(DEST) have been obtained. Among these DESTs, 2 DESTs were homologous to the sequence of genes from BLAST search result. KC1-5 DEST that was up-regulated in A123.7 cells was highly corresponded to mouse apoptosis-related gene(MA-3) or mouse mRNA for topoisomerase inhibitor suppressed(TIS). MA-3 was induced in various types of apoptosis, specially in NGF-deprived apoptotic PC12 cells. TIS was down-regulated in the RVC lymphoma cells incubated with topoisomerase inhibitor that induces DNA strand breakages. PG1-1 DEST that was highly expressed in PC12 cells was corresponded to transposon Tn10 3'-end. Tnansposon Tn10 was up-regulated in differentiated myeloblastic ML-1 cells by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. This study illuminates that MA-3/TIS was down-regulated by PKA activity, and transposon Tn10 was up-regulated by it.

Cytosine Arabinoside 유도된 PC12 세포의 사망 경로

양보기,양병환,채영규,Yang, Bo-Gee,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Chai, Young-Gyu 대한생물정신의학회 1998 생물정신의학 Vol.5 No.2

Cytosine arabinoside(AraC) inhibits DNA synthesis and ${\beta}$-DNA polymerase, an enzyme involved in DNA repair. This, a potent antimitotic agent, is clinically used as an anticancer drug with side effect of severe neurotoxicity. Earlier reports suggested that inhibition of neuronal survival by AraC in sympathetic neuron may be due to the inhibition of a 2'-deoxycytidine-dependent process that is independent of DNA synthesis or repair and AraC induced a signal that is triggers a cascade of new mRNA and protein synthesis, leading to apoptotic cell death in cultured cerebellar granule cells. The present study would suggest whether caspase family(ICE/CED-3-like protease) involved in AraC-induced apoptosis pathway of PC12 cells. It was observed that treatment of PC12 cells with AraC led to decrease of viability by MTT assay and morphology changes, which did not suggest that AraC induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. The mRNA of caspase-1/caspase-3 were expressed in PC12 cells constitutively, and AraC did not activate caspase family. These results suggest that caspase-1/caspase-3 may not be required for AraC-induced cell death pathway in PC12 cells.

알코올 의존과 세로토닌 수송체 유전자 다형성의 연관

손현균,최인근,채영규,최미란,김재환,양병환,김석현,성승모,Son, Hyun-Gyun,Choi, Ihn-Geun,Chai, Young-Gyu,Choi, Mi Ran,Kim, Jae Hwan,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Kim, Seok Hyeon,Sung, Seung Mo 대한생물정신의학회 2003 생물정신의학 Vol.10 No.2

Objective:Under the hypothesis that 5-HTTLPR polymorphism plays some role in the susceptibility or vulnerability of some subgroup of alcohol dependence, associations of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism with alcohol dependence were examined. Method:This association analysis included 109 Korean alcohol dependent and 113 Korean control subjects. DNA of all subjects were genotyped for the biallelic functional polymorphism in the 5-HTTLPR. Considering the likelihood of heterogeneity in the alcohol dependence phenotype, alcohol dependent subjects were subgrouped by onset age, family history of alcohol dependence and severity of withdrawal symptoms. Results:There were no significant differences in the frequencies of either the 5-HTTLPR genotype or the short vs. long allele in alcohol dependent and control subjects. The frequency of the S allele and S-carrier (LS or SS genotype) was significantly increased in the early onset alcohol dependent subjects and the familial alcohol dependent subjects compared with that in the control subjects. Conclusion:The results suggest that the 5-HTT 'S' promoter polymorphism is associated with an increased susceptibility or vulnerability to develop early onset alcohol dependence and familial alcohol dependence, which characterize Cloninger's type 2 alcohol dependence.

과산화수소 증기를 이용한 다양한 쿠폰 표면의 Geobacillus Stearothermophilus 아포 제독조건

김상훈,정경화,김세계,채영규,김윤기,황현철,김민철,박명규,류삼곤,Kim, Sang Hoon,Jung, Kyoung Hwa,Kim, Se Kye,Chai, Young Gyu,Kim, Yun Ki,Hwang, Hyun Chul,Kim, Min Cheol,Park, Myung Kyu,Ryu, Sam Gon 한국군사과학기술학회 2013 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.16 No.4

Biological decontamination means the removal of microorganisms from the inanimate object such as building or equipment. In this study, hydrogen peroxide vapor efficacy test using VHP 1000ED system(Steris LifeSciences) were conducted for G. stearothermophilus spore with agent materials(aluminum, stainless steel, poly-carbonate, viton, silicone, kapton and glass). Total recovered spores exposed to hydrogen peroxide vapor(1.0 g/min) during 7, 15, 30, 60 min were calculated. As a result, all agent materials were totally decontaminated within 60 min at 1.0 g/min concentration with 35% hydrogen peroxide vapor. Finally, we could confirmed that hydrogen peroxide vapor possess sporicidal capacity of G. stearothermophilus and found the optimum decontamination conditions with VHP1000ED system.

알코올의존 환자의 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 유전자 변이에 따른 음주 후 반응 및 성격특성

이종일,이정식,조성남,채영규,남정현,양병환,최인근,김석현,노성원,Lee, Jong-Il,Lee, Jung-Sik,Cho, Sung Nam,Chai, Young-Gyu,Nam, Jung Hyun,Yang, Byung Hwan,Choi, Ihn-Geun,Kim, Seok Hyeon,Roh, Sungwon 대한생물정신의학회 2005 생물정신의학 Vol.12 No.2

Objectives:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pathophysiology of alcoholics by investigating the differences in frequency of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2) genotypes and ALDH2 alleles between patients with alcohol dependence and controls, and the differences of drinking and personality traits in Korean male alcoholics with ALDH2 genotype variances. Methods:The authors selected 98 patients with alcohol dependence and 53 controls. Self-report questionnaires for acute reponses after alcohol ingestion, the AUI(Alcohol Use Inventory), and the NEO-PI-R(NEO Personality Inventory Revised) were given to all patients with alcohol dependence. ALDH2 genotypes were typed with MboII RFLP(Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) method in 53 controls and 98 patients with alcohol dependence. The authors divided alcoholic patients into two groups according to the presence of variant $ALDH2^2$ allele;normal ALDH2 alcoholics(N=87) and variant ALDH2 alcoholics(N=11). Results:1) The genotypic frequencies of subjects with $ALDH2^{1/1}$ were higher and those with $ALDH2^{1/2}$ and $ALDH2^{2/2}$ were lower in patients than in controls. 2) Alcohol dependence could be found in $ALDH2^{2/2}$ homozygote individuals. 3) Variant ALDH2 alcoholics had more family problems in the AUI than normal ALDH2 alcoholics. 4) Variant ALDH2 alcoholics experienced more flushing and cardiovascular responses after alcohol ingestion than normal ALDH2 alcoholics. 5) Variant ALDH2 alcoholics had less altruistic personality traits in the NEO-PI-R than normal ALDH2 alcoholics. 6) Variant ALDH2 alcoholics tended to have more tolerance to alcohol than normal ALDH2 alcoholics. Conclusion:Variant $ALDH2^2$ allele might play a protective role in the pathogenesis of alcohol dependence and there were several significant differences of drinking and personality traits in Korean male alcoholics with ALDH2 genotype variances.

한국인 알코올리즘과 Catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT) 유전자 다형성의 연합

김민정,양병환,이정식,채영규,박택규,Kim, Min-Jung,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Lee, Jung-Sik,Chai, Young-Gyu,Park, Taek-Kyu 대한생물정신의학회 2001 생물정신의학 Vol.8 No.1

An association study with Korean alcoholic patients(n=50) and normal controls(n=53) was performed to find the relationship between catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT) gene polymorphism and alcoholism using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. When we compared the allele and genotype frequencies of Nla III COMT gene polymorphism in alcoholism and normal controls, there was no significant difference between two groups. Our results do not support an association between the Nla III polymorphism of COMT gene and alcoholism.

흰쥐 C6 신경교종 세포에서 Venlafaxine 그리고 Dexamethasone 처리가 열충격 단백질 70의 발현에 미치는 영향

유재학,이준석,양병환,최미란,채영규,김석현,노성원,오동열,최인근,Yu, Jae-Hak,Lee, Jun-Seok,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Choi, Mi-Ran,Chai, Young-Gyu,Kim, Seok-Hyeon,Roh, Sung-Won,Oh, Dong-Yul,Choi, Ihn-Geun 대한생물정신의학회 2005 생물정신의학 Vol.12 No.2

Object:The intracellular action of the antidepressant, venlafaxine, was studied in C6-gliomas using heat shock protein 70(HSP70) immunocytochemistry and HSP70 Western blots because HSP70 is associated with stress and depression. Methods:To examine how the glucocorticoid affects the expression of HSP70 in nerve cells, the rat C6 glioma cell was treated with dexamethasone for 6 hours. In addition, venlafaxine was administered to the experimental groups of C6 glioma cells for 1, 6, 24, and 72 hours each, after which the expression of HSP70 was investigated. Finally, venlafaxine and dexamethasone were simultaneously administered to the experimental groups for 1, 6, 24, and 72 hours, followed by an investigation of the expression of HSP70. Results:The short term(1 hour) venlafaxine treatment significantly increased the level of HSP70 expression. The short term treatment of venlafaxine with dexamethasone also increased the level of HSP70 expression but this reduction was not statistically significant. The long term(72 hours) venlafaxine with dexamethasone treatment significantly reduced the level of HSP70 expression. The long term treatment of venlafaxine also reduced the level of HSP70 expression but this reduction was not statistically significant. Dexamethasone(10uM, 6hours) did not affect the level of HSP70 expression compared with controls. Conclusion:Venlafaxine increases the expression of HSP70 at short term treatment, but prolonged treatment with dexamethasone suppresses the expression of HSP70.