수치(修治) 한약재가 사람의 간세포 WRL68와 원숭이의 신장세포 Vero에 미치는 영향

주영승,김호경,고병섭,Ju Young-Sung,Kim Ho-Kyoung,Ko Byoung-Seob 대한예방한의학회 2000 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.4 No.2

The cytotoxic activities of Pinellia ternate, Aconitum carmichaeli, Arisaema amurense, Aconitum kusnezoffii and Scutellaria baicalensis on monkey kidney cell (Vero) and human liver cell (WRL68) were evaluated by Sulforhodamine B Protein (SRB) and Tetrazolium-based (MTT) colorimetric assay methods The results were as fellows : 1 The Pinellia ternate and Arisaema amurense did not show the cytotoxic activities at any concentration without processing or natural drugs. 2 The extracts of Aconitum carmichaeli, Aconitum kusnezoffii and Scutellaria baicalensis showed cytotoxic activities. However, the cytotoxic activities of processing drugs were less effective than the natural drugs. 3. The cytotoxic activities on monkey kidney cell (Vero) and human liver cell (WRL68) of Aconitum carmichaeli was determined by MTT assay. The Kyungpo(京?) of Aconitum carmichaeli showed less concentrate than that of the Dangpo(唐?). The $IC_{50}$ value on monkey kidney cell (Vero) and human liver cell (WRL68) of Kyungpo was $937{\pm}29\;and\;731{\pm}31{\mu}g/ml$, respectively 4. The cytotoxicity on monkey kidney cell (Vero) and human liver cell (WRL68) of Scutellaria baicalensis showed strong activities without processing or natural drugs.

동의보감 당뇨 처방에 사용되는 한약재에서 인슐린성 물질(Insulin-like substances)의 탐색

주영승,고병섭,Ju, Young-Sung,Ko, Byoung-Seob 한국응용생명화학회 2002 한국농화학회지 Vol.45 No.1

동의보감의 소갈 처방에서 사용하고 있는 한약재 중에서 인슐린성 물질을 탐색하기 위해 3T3-L1 지방세포 모델을 이용하여 3T3-L1 섬유아세포의 증식 및 3T3-L1 지방세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 3T3-L1 섬유아세포의 증식율은 반하, 후박, 대황, 오가피, 창출과 보두의 열수추출물을 첨가하였을 때 세포의 분화작용에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 마황, 과루인, 현삼과 고삼의 추출물은 3T3-L1 섬유아세포의 분화를 촉진시켰으며, 이는 인슐린성 물질이 함유되어 있을 가능성이 높음을 시사하고 있다. In order to search for insulin-like substances from the constituted herbs of Sogal prescriptions, we selected 19 traditional herbs, based on a review of the Donguibogam. The effects of the hot-water extract from the selected herbs on the proliferation and the differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts were tested. The various water-extracts from Pinellia ternata, Magnolia obovata, Rheum palmatum, Acanthopanax sessiliflorun, Atractylodes japonica and Strychnos ignatii inhibited the proliferation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts, did not influence entirely in differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts. Treatment of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts with the extract from Ephedra sinica, Trichosanthes kirilowii, Scrophularia buergeriana and Sophora flavescens significantly increased the differentiation of the cells. In conclusion, these may contain such compounds that play a role of insulin-like action.

후박(厚朴)의 외,내부형태 및 이화학패턴연구

이금산 ( Guem San Lee ),김정훈 ( Jung Hoon Kim ),최고야 ( Go Ya Choi ),강대훈 ( Dae Hoon Kang ),황성연 ( Sung Yeoun Hwang ),정승일 ( Seung Il Jeong ),김홍준 ( Hong Jun Kim ),주영승 ( Young Sung Ju ) 대한본초학회 2008 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.23 No.4

Objectives: To determine the standards for discrimination of Magnoliae Cortex, the experiment of specific external-internal characters and the physicochemical pattern analysis were performed. Methods: External characteristics was observed using a stereoscope. Paraffin-mediated sectioned materials were stained by Ju`s method. Physicochemical patterns of materials were analyzed using HPLC. Results: 1. Botanical characteristics: Magnolia officinalis had one seed and a white flower, while M. obovata had two seeds and a white flower. Machilus thunbergii had berry and spherical fruits and yellowish green panicles. 2. External characteristics: M. officinalis and M. obovata were dark and thick. M. officinalis was gray brown and greasy while M. obovata was light-gray, less oily and smoothly sectioned. Machilus thunbergii was thin and relatively light or yellow-brown, coarsely sectioned and faintly specific scents. 3. Internal characteristics: The bast parts of M. officinalis and M. obovata were commonly wider than Machilus thunbergii. The cork cortex of M. officinalis was 10~mg/L cell layers with many oil cells, while that of M. obovata was 4~7 cell layers with less oil cells. Machilus thunbergiis xylem which consisted of ring-shaped cambium at 1st and 2nd part was occupied in large portion. 4. Physicochemical pattern: Both M. officinalis and M. obovata involved honokiol and magnolol. All kinds of M. officinalis involved Magnatriol B but one kind of M. ovobata and all of Machilus thunbergii didn`t. Machilus thunbergii showed different pattern of chromatogram from that of 2 species above. Conclusions: These results could be used as standards for discrimination of Magnoliae Cortex and as the method of objectification in medicinal herbs giving the basic resource for bioactivity research.

출류(朮類)한약재의 외,내부형태와 이화학패턴 연구

김정훈 ( Jung Hoon Kim ),이금산 ( Geum San Lee ),최고야 ( Go Ya Choi ),황성연 ( Sung Yeoun Hwang ),김홍준 ( Hong Jun Kim ),정승일 ( Seung Il Jeong ),주영승 ( Young Sung Ju ) 대한본초학회 2009 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.24 No.2

Objectives: To determine the discriminative criteria for Atractylodes rhizomes, the experiment of external-internal characteristics and physicochemical pattern analysis were performed. Methods: External characteristics was observed using stereoscope. The sectioned materials which were covered with parffin were stained by Ju`s method. Physicochemical patterns were analyzed using HPLC/DAD. Results: 1. External shape of original plant: Atractylodes macrocephala and A. japonica had relatively long petioles and 3-5 parted leaves. A. macrocephala had big purple flowers whereas A. japonica had relatively small white flowers and pinnate bracts. A. lancea had sessile leaves and white flowers, and the end parts of degenerated stamens were bent. 2. External shape of herbal medicine: A. macrocephala which was fist-shaped rhizome had pa-pillate processes and the cross section was light gray and sulcate. A. japonica and A. lancea were connected-beady or tubercular rhizomes, and the cross sections were both yellow-colored white. However, the cross section of A. japonica was fibrous, the width of cortex was narro-wer than that of stele, and radial shape in cortex was rare, whereas the width of cortex in A. lancea was similar to that of stele in size, and radial shape in cortex was obvious. 3. Internal shape of herbal medicine: A. macrocephala and A. lancea did not have lignified fascicles in cortex. However, the vascular bundles and vessels of A. macrocephala were wedge shaped and radial arrangement, and vascular bundles were densely populated in stele whereas those of A. lancea were repeatedly arranged and thinly extended to cortex. A. japonica had lignified fascicles in cortex and the width of vascular bundles was conspicuously thick with narrow intervals. 4. Physicochemical pattern analysis: A. macrocephala and A. lancea contained atractylenolide Ⅰ and atractylenolide Ⅲ whereas A. japonica contained atractylenolide Ⅰ, atractylenolide Ⅲ, diacetyl-atractylodiol, compound-4, compound-5. The three species of Atractylodes rhizomes showed different chromatogram patterns. Conclusions: The results could be used as discriminative criteria for Atractylodes rhizomes and as fundamental materials to researches of further pattern analysis and biological reaction.

九仙王道糕가 前脂肪細胞 3T3-L1의 增殖, 抗補體活性 및 細胞毒性에 미치는 영향

주영승(Young-Sung Ju),최용후(Young-Heu Choi),김호경(Ho-Kyoung Kim),고병섭(Byoung-Seob Ko) 대한한의학회 1999 대한한의학회지 Vol.20 No.3

Stereoscope를 이용한 미세종자류 한약재 외부형태 감별연구(제3보(報)) - 사원자(沙苑子)와 황기자(黃芪子), 정력자(葶藶子)-

김영식 ( Young-sik Kim ),주영승 ( Young-sung Ju ) 대한본초학회 2019 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.34 No.3

Objectives : This study is to propose the identification keys based on stereoscopic examination of 8 seed herbs in 2 categories (Phyllolobobii Semen (PS) with 4 Astragali Semen (AS), and 2 Lepidii seu Descurainiae Semen (LDS) with 1 Drabae Semen (DS)) which have difficulties in discrimination with visual observation. Methods : We reviewed the description of original plants and their medicinal parts from the literature. The original plants were collected, identified, confirmed as specimens, and compared to the samples distributed in the market. The first identification was made by visual observation, and insufficient points were supplemented by stereoscopic observation. Identification criteria were set by considering morphological characteristics of authentic herbs, percentage of adulterants, and distinction between authentic herbs and adulterants. Results : The original plants of PS and AS could be distinguished by upright or lying form of stem, color of flowers, number of leaflets, and presence of hair of fruits. LDS and DS could be distinguished by leaf arrangement on stem: radical or cauline, whole plants size, leaf division, color of flowers, and shape of fruits. The herbal medicines of PS and AS could be distinguished by seed surface pattern, size, and hardness. LDS and DS could be distinguished by size, shape, viscosity when chewed, and degree of mucous layer formation when soaked in water. Conclusions : This study suggests the identification keys of original plants and herbal medicines. Especially, since fine seed herbs are difficult to distinguish by visual observation, the stereoscope should be applied to the discrimination.

Stereoscope를 이용한 미세종자류 한약재 외부형태 감별연구 제2보(제2報) -구자(구子)와 총자(蔥子), 동규자(冬葵子)와 경마자(경麻子), 차전자(車前子)와 형개자(荊芥子)-

김영식 ( Young-sik Kim ),주영승 ( Young-sung Ju ) 대한본초학회 2016 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Objectives: This study is to propose discriminative keys with stereoscope for minute seed herbs easily mixed up, but hard to discriminate by naked eyes: Alli Tuberosi Semen(ATS)*Alli Fistulosi Semen(AFS), Malvae Semen(MS). Abutili Semen(AS), Plantaginis Semen(PS)*Schizonepetae Semen(SS). Methods : We reviewed the description of original plants and medicinal herbs from literature. The specimen of original plant were collected, determinated and compared to samples in the market. Primary classification was performed with naked eyes. and we found out other discrimination keys for non-distinctive herbs with stereoscope. Discrimination keys were set as the morphological criteria of authentic herbs, percentage of adulteration, and standards for discriminating genuine herbs from adulteration. Results : 1) ATS is bigger, has reticulate pattern on protuberant side and unique garlic chives taste. AFS which is usually mixed up, is smaller, has 1~2 ridges and unique welsh onion taste. 2) MS is smaller, has no villus, but its length of bumps are similar. AS easily mixed up, is bigger and has white villus. Its upper side bump is longer and more sharp. 3) PS has dent at middle of the back side. It becomes very sticky when it is put or boiled in water. SS which can be mixed up has no dent and low viscosity compared to PS. Conclusions : With this result, we propose discriminative keys which can identify the original plants and processed herbal state of six herbs. Because minute medicinal herbs are hardly distinguishable by sensory test, It is essential to differentiate by using stereoscope.

Stereoscope를 이용한 미세종자류 한약재 외부형태 감별연구(제2보(報)) -구자(?子)와 총자(蔥子), 동규자(冬葵子)와 경마자(?麻子), 차전자(車前子)와 형개자(荊芥子)-

김영식,주영승,Kim, Young-Sik,Ju, Young-Sung 대한본초학회 2016 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Objectives : This study is to propose discriminative keys with stereoscope for minute seed herbs easily mixed up, but hard to discriminate by naked eyes: Alli Tuberosi Semen(ATS)?Alli Fistulosi Semen(AFS), Malvae Semen(MS)? Abutili Semen(AS), Plantaginis Semen(PS)?Schizonepetae Semen(SS).Objectives : We reviewed the description of original plants and medicinal herbs from literature. The specimen of original plant were collected, determinated and compared to samples in the market. Primary classification was performed with naked eyes. and we found out other discrimination keys for non-distinctive herbs with stereoscope. Discrimination keys were set as the morphological criteria of authentic herbs, percentage of adulteration, and standards for discriminating genuine herbs from adulteration.Results : 1) ATS is bigger, has reticulate pattern on protuberant side and unique garlic chives taste. AFS which is usually mixed up, is smaller, has 1~2 ridges and unique welsh onion taste. 2) MS is smaller, has no villus, but its length of bumps are similar. AS easily mixed up, is bigger and has white villus. Its upper side bump is longer and more sharp. 3) PS has dent at middle of the back side. It becomes very sticky when it is put or boiled in water. SS which can be mixed up has no dent and low viscosity compared to PS.Conclusions : With this result, we propose discriminative keys which can identify the original plants and processed herbal state of six herbs. Because minute medicinal herbs are hardly distinguishable by sensory test, It is essential to differentiate by using stereoscope.

Cinnamic acid, Cinnamaldehyde의 부위별 정량을 통한 계지(桂枝)의 음편(飮片) 규격 연구

김영식 ( Young Sik Kim ),이금산 ( Guem San Lee ),김정훈 ( Jung Hoon Kim ),최고야 ( Go Ya Choi ),정승일 ( Seung Il Jeong ),조수인 ( Su In Cho ),주영승 ( Young Sung Ju ),김홍준 ( Hong Jun Kim ) 대한본초학회 2011 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

Objectives: In the present study, the contents of cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde in three different parts of Cinnamomi Ramulus (CR) (the whole body, the bark part, and the wood part) was evaluated using UPLC (ultra performance liquid chromatography) in order to investigate a suitable cutting method. Methods: Analysis was performed on SMART LC with UV detector. Reference compounds were separated on Inertsil ODS-4 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 3 μm, GL Science, Japan) using isolation elution with water and acetonitrile each containing acetic acid at a flow rate of 500 μL/min. Additionally, samples of CR were purchased from pharmacy of medicinal herb. Results: The correlation coefficients of the cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde levels showed good linearity (r2 ≥ 0.9999) over the linear ranges. Furthermore, the bark part exhibited higher concentration levels of reference compounds than the wood part in all samples. In addition the bark exfoliation rates in oblique and perpendicular-long cut samples of CR were lower than the perpendicular-short cut samples. Conclusions: These results suggested that the optimal cutting method would be able to reduce the bark exfoliation. Therefore, the oblique or perpendicular-long cutting method is considered to be a better cutting type than the perpendicular-short cutting method.

사삼(沙蔘), 양유(羊乳), 제니(薺苨)의 감별기준 연구

박은상 ( Eun-sang Park ),이세리 ( Se-ree Lee ),정종민 ( Jong-min Jeong ),송명규 ( Myeong-gyu Song ),윤지현 ( Jee-hyun Yoon ),주영승 ( Young-sung Ju ) 대한본초학회 2017 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

Objectives : This study is aimed at establishing the discriminative criteria for Adenophorae Radix (AT; Sasam), Codonopsis Lanceolatae Radix (CL; Yangyu) and Adenophorae Remotiflori Radix (AR; Jeni). Because of confusable publications and the similitude of herb shape, CL and AR have been used as AT in the markets. Methods : We firstly discriminated and confirmed AT, CL and AR through observing the external morphology of original plants. Then, external-internal morphological features of the medicinal herbs were studied. A stereoscope was used to determine macroscopic features of dried herbal medicines and a microscope was conducted to examine internal features with the samples, which were embedded in paraffin and stained. Results : 1. The original plant of CL was discriminated with the stem shape in comparison with others. AT and AR were classified by the leaf position of original plant. 2. In the macroscopic morphological study of medicinal herbs, CL had lumps, which seem like a wart. Also, AT and AR were different in the density of cross section. 3. In the microscopic morphological study of the medicinal herbs, the phloem, fissures and the arrangement of xylem were selected as discriminative criteria for 3 kinds of herbs. With these contents, we suggested the identification keys, including further details. Conclusions : These results, especially identification keys, will be helpful to distinguish 3 kinds of herbs, referred to as a `Sasam`. Moreover, macroscopic and microscopic methods used in this article would be applicable tools for the discrimination of other herbs.