포스트휴먼의 위가

조일제(Cho Il-Je),정혜욱(Jeong Hae-Ook) 새한영어영문학회 2002 새한영어영문학 Vol. No.

In postmodern era, information technology modifies the concept of human beings and their relationships with machines. Most of postmodern theorists refuse to take humanism for granted from their philosophical viewpoints. This is the very ground of considering the subjectivites of posthuman. We try to think over the status of posthuman reading the fictions of William Gibson, Thomas Pynchon, and Kathy Acker. William Gibson is mapping the ways that new technologies are impacting on human life creating posthumanistic individuals and environments through the imagined future. Thomas Pynchon, who tried to show the fear of technological civilization in his early works, considers the possibility of oppositional subjectivity in virtual space in Gravity's Rainbow and Vineland. And Kathy Acker introduces the possible female subjectivities in the age when technology encroaches even human body itself. Searching these kind of possibility they imagine a collective or individual agency who secedes the modem binary oppositional system. Donna Haraway says that she wants to be a cyborg rather than a goddess. Her concept of cyborg can be related with the postmodern collective subjectivities in Pynchon's Vineland and the kind of self to be newly encoded in Acker's The Empire of the Senseless. This is not to say that cyborg imagery suggests some utopian landscape of the coming future, but it is involved with the dream of heteroglossia. But the term, "posthuman" is not completely defined yet. Not all of the writers use this term to mean the same thing. As Hayles recognizes, the face and the future of posthuman is not clear. The problem, however, is that we are moving into the shadow of unknown. Accordingly, posthuman is less a term suggesting utopian or distopian view in itself than an open space which has the possibility of both.

조角刺추출물의 Nrf2 활성화를 통한 간세포 보호 효과

김재광 ( Jae Kwang Kim ),박상미 ( Sang Mi Park ),제갈경환 ( Kyung Hwan Jegal ),김영우 ( Young Woo Kim ),변성희 ( Sung Hui Byun ),김상찬 ( Sang Chan Kim ),조일제 ( Il Je Cho ) 대한본초학회 2015 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives: Oxidative stress is one of the most causes of hepatocyte injury. Gleditsia spina, the thorns of Gleditsia sinensis Lam., has been known for its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects in Korean medicine. The present study investigated hepatoprotective effect of Gleditsia spina water extract (GSE) against oxidative stress induced by arachidonic acid (AA) + iron in HepG2 cells. Methods: To investigate cytoprotective effect of GSE, cells were pretreated with GSE and then subsequently exposed to 10 μM AA for 12 h, followed by 5 μM iron. Cell viability was monitored by MTT assay, and expression of apoptosis-related proteins was examined by immunoblot analysis. To identify responsible molecular mechanisms, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, GSH contents, and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured. In addition, effect of GSE on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation was determined by immunoblot and antioxidant response element (ARE)-driven reporter gene assays. Results: GSE pretreatment prevented AA + iron-mediated cytotoxicity in concentration dependent manner. In addition, ROS production, glutathione depletion, and mitochondrial impairment by AA + iron were significantly inhibited by GSE. Furthermore, GSE promoted translocation of Nrf2 to nucleus, which acts as essential transcription factor for induction of antioxidant genes. Increased nuclear Nrf2 that caused by GSE treatment promoted transcriptional activity of ARE. Finally, GSE up-regulated sestrin-2 which was widely recognized as target gene of Nrf2. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that GSE protects hepatocytes from oxidative stress via activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway.

간 실질세포주에서 니호채(泥胡菜) 분획물이 liver X receptor α 의존적 지방 생성 유전자의 발현에 미치는 효과

김재광,조일제,김은옥,정대화,구세광,김상찬,Kim, Jae Kwang,Cho, Il Je,Kim, Eun Ok,Jung, Dae Hwa,Ku, Sae Kwang,Kim, Sang Chan 대한한의학방제학회 2020 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

Objectives : Hemistepta lyrata Bunge (Bunge) is a wild herb that has been used for managing fever and wound in Korean Traditional Medicine. The present study explored the effects of H. lyrata extract on liver X receptor (LXR) α-dependent lipogenic genes in hepatocyte-derived cells. Methods : After HepG2 cells or Huh7 cells were pre-treated with 1-10 ㎍/mL of H. lyrata extract or its fractionated extract for 0.5 h, the cells were subsequently exposed to LXR ligand for 6-24 h. Cell viability, LXR response element (LXRE)-driven luciferase activity, sterol regulatory element binding protein-response element (SREBP-RE)-driven luciferase activity, SREBP-1c expression, and mRNA levels of LXRα and its-dependent target genes were determined. In addition, LC-MS/MS analysis was conducted to explore major compounds in H. lyrata-chloroform fractionated extract #4 (HL-CF4). Results : Of various H. lyrata extracts tested, chloroform extract and its fractionated extract #4, HL-CF4, significantly decreased T0901317-mediated SREBP-1c expression. In addition, HL-CF4 significantly reduced LXRE atransactivation and LXRα mRNA expression without any cytotoxicity. Moreover, HL-CF4 prevented the SREBP-RE-driven luciferase activity and mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 induced by T0901317. Results from LC-MS/MS analysis at positive/negative mode indicated that HL-CF4 contained several compounds showing m/z 197.1176 (C₁₁H₁₇O₃), 693.2913/227.1069 (C₃₈H₄₅O₁₂/C₁₅H₁₅O₂), 203.1797 (C₁₅H₂₃), 181.1225 (C₁₁H₁₇O₂), 591.2957 (C₃₅H₄₃O₈), 379.1040 (C₁₈H₁₉O₉), 409.1509 (C₂₀H₂₅O₉), 309.1348 (C₁₆H₂₁O₆), 391.1404 (C₂₀H₂₃O₈), and 669.2924/389.1248 (C₃₆H₄₅O₁₂/C₂₀H₂₁O₈). Conclusion : Based on its inhibition of the LXRα-dependent signaling pathway, H. lyrata chloroform extract and HL-CF4 have prophylactic potentials for managing non-alcoholic fatty liver.

다양한 유무연 도금 리드프레임에 적용된 Sn-8Zn-3Bi 솔더 접합부의 열충격 신뢰성 평가

한성원,조일제,신영의,Han, Sung-Won,Cho, Il-Je,Shin, Young-Eui 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2007 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Sn-8Zn-3Bi 무연 솔더 페이스트의 접합부신뢰성 및 적합성을 평가하기 위해 유(SnPb) 무연(Sn, SnBi)도금된 Cu 리드프레임 QFP(Quad Flat Packager)를 사용하여 열충격 조건 하에서의 인장 강도의 변화 및 파괴 기구에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 리드 도금의 종류에 상관없이 모든 시험 시편에서 열충격 사이클 수의 증가에 비례하여 접합부의 취성 특성이 강화되어 인장 강도가 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 하지만, 접합부에는 열팽창 계수의 차이에 의해 야기될 수 있는 미세 균열은 발견되지 않았다. 단면 관찰 및 변위 이력 곡선 분석을 통하여 열충격 사이클 수의 증가에 따른 인강 강도의 감소는 접합부의 파괴 기구의 변화에 기인되었음을 확인하였다. 본 실험을 통해 Sn-3Zn-3Bi 솔더의 유 무연 도금 Cu 리드프레임과의 우수한 작업 특성과 열충격 환경 하에서도 우수한 기계적 접합 특성을 유지하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. The pull strength and fracture mechanism were investigated to evaluate the reliability and compatibility of Sn-8Zn-3Bi joints, the solder paste on lead and lead-free plating under thermal shock conditions. At the Sn-8Zn-3Bi solder joint, no crack initiation was observed during thermal shock test. After 1000 cycles, the strength of the solder joint decreased not sharply but reduced gradually compared with initial conditions. The decrement of strength was affected by ${\gamma}-Cu_5Zn_8$ IMC growth which caused the IMC fracture on the fracture surface and a change in fracture mode and initial crack point. Clearly, the Sn-8Zn-3Bi solder shows good reliability properties and compatibility with lead-free plated Cu LF under thermal shock temperatures between 248K and 423K.

NF-κB 억제를 통한 대회향(大茴香)의 항염증효능

금수연,박상미,제갈경환,황보민,조일제,박정아,김상찬,지선영,Keum, Soo Yeon,Park, Sang Mi,Jegal, Kyung Hwan,Hwangbo, Min,Cho, Il Je,Park, Chung A,Kim, Sang Chan,Jee, Seon Young 대한한의학방제학회 2016 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

Objectives : Illicium verum Hook. f. has been known to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, analgesic, sedative, convulsive activities, it has been rarely conducted to evaluate the immuno-biological activity. The present study was examined to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of the Illicium verum Hook. f. water extracts (IVE) in vivo and in vitro. Methods : Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The relative levels of NO were measured with Griess reagent. iNOS, COX-2, $NF-{\kappa}B$ and target proteins were detected by immunoblot analysis, and levels of cytokines were analyzed by ELISA kit. Anti-edema effect was determined in the carrageenan (CA)-induced paw edema model in rats. Results : All dosages of IVE used in MTT assay had no significant cytotoxicity. The increases of NO production and iNOS expression were detected in LPS-treated cells compared with control. However, these increases were attenuated by treatment with IVE. Also, IVE reduced the elevated production of $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6 by LPS. IVE inhibited the $p-I{\kappa}B$ and translocation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ to nuclear. Furthermore, IVE significantly inhibited the increases of hind paw swelling, skin thicknesses and inflammatory cell infiltrations induced by CA injection. Therefore, IVE will be favorably inhibited the acute edematous inflammations. Conclusion : These results provide evidences that anti-inflammatory effect of IVE is partly due to the reduction of some inflammatory mediators by suppression of $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway.

세종 워크플로우 관리 시스템의 설계 및 구현

신화종(Hwajong Shin),조일제(Il-Je Cho),김기남(Kinam Kim),지석진(Seok-Jin Jee),신동일(Dongil Shin),신동규(Dongkyoo Shin) 한국정보과학회 1999 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.1A

본 연구에서 개발된 워크플로우 관리 시스템은 Build-time에 정의된 프로세스의 정의를 Run-time에 동적으로 변경할 수 있도록 구현되었고, WfMC에서 명세한 표준화에 맞게 구현되어서 다른 워크플로우 시스템과의 상호운용성이 높다. 워크플로우는 비즈니스 목적으로 업무에 참여하는 구성원들 사이에서 이루어지는 문서와 정보 또는 작업의 절차를 일종의 정의된 규칙의 집합에 따라 자동화 하는 것이다. 이러한 기존의 워크플로우 제품들은 제품들간의 상호운용성의 문제점을 안고 있고, 동적으로 변화하는 비즈니스 환경에 적용하기가 어렵고, 워크플로우 분석이나 관리 감독 기능이 부족하고, 오류에 대한 대응이 부족하여 정확성과 신뢰성이 떨어지는 한계점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서 개발한 세종 워크플로우는 이러한 한계점을 극복하고 효율적인 워크플로우 관리 시스템을 개발하기 위해 워크플로우 시스템의 전체 아키텍쳐를 제안하고 각 기능에 대해 구현하였다.

모의 금속전환체 U-Nb 합금의 공기중 산화거동

이은표,주준식,유길성,조일제,국동학,김호동,Lee Eun-Pyo,Ju June-Sik,You Gil-Sung,Cho il-Je,Kook Dong-Hak,Kim Ho-Dong 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.2 No.4

In order to enhance an oxidation resistance of the pure uranium metal under air condition, a small quantity of niobium(Nb) which is known to mitigate metal oxidation is added into uranium metal as an alloying element. A simulated metallic uranium alloy, U-Nb has been fabricated and then oxidized in the range of 200 to $300^{\circ}C$ under the environment of the pure oxygen gas. The oxidized quantity in terms of the weight gain(wt%) has been measured with the help of a thermogravimetric analyzer. The results show that the oxidation resistance of the U-Nb alloy is considerably enhanced in comparison with that of the pure uranium metal. It is revealed that the oxidation resistance of the former with the niobium content of 1, 2, 3, and 4 wt% is : 1) 1.61, 7.78, 11.76 and 20.14 times at the temperature of $200^{\circ}C$ ; 2) 1.45, 5.98, 10.08 and 11.15 times at $250^{\circ}C$ ; and 3) 1.33, 4.82, 8.87 and 6.84 times at $300^{\circ}C$ higher than that of the latter, respectively. Besides, it is shown that the activation energy attributable to the oxidation is 17.13~21.92 kcal/mol.

저장 기간에 따른 귤피(橘皮) Ethanol 추출물의 간 보호효과

노규표 ( Gyu Pyo Noh ),조일제 ( Il Je Cho ),박정아 ( Chung A Park ),김상찬 ( Sang Chan Kim ),변성희 ( Sung Hui Byun ),박숙자 ( Sook Jahr Park ) 대구한의대학교 제한동의학술원 2016 제한동의학술원논문집 Vol.14 No.1

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the change of hepatoprotective activity depending on the storage period of CEE (ethanol extract of Citrus unshiu Markovich epicarp). Methods : Citrus unshiu Markovich epicarp was washed, sliced and dried for 7 days at room temperature, and it was considered as zero month time. Citrus unshiu Markovich epicarp was further stored for 2, 4 and 6 months in the dry oven, which was set to 30℃. Hepatotoxicity was induced by exposing HepG2 cells to 100 μM cadmium for 3 hours. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Results : CEE showed hepatoprotective effect better than water extract of Citrus unshiu Markovich epicarp in cadmium-treated HepG2 cells. Thus, we performed the cytoprotective efficacy experiment using CEE. Significant hepatoprotective activity was found in the all concentrations of CEE used in the experiment (10, 30, 100 ㎍/㎖). Depending on the prolonged storage period, CEE showed slightly weak hepatoprotective effect on average. However, there was no statistical significance in the change of hepatoprotective effect. Conclusions : CEE showed dose-dependent hepatoprotective activity, and the significant difference in activity over storage time was not found. In conclusion, CEE can be used without change in activity, even if stored for 6 months at room temperature. In addition, the storage time of more than 6 months is recommended, to determine that the activity of Citrus unshiu Markovich epicarp is better depending on the storage period.

선진 원자력발전국의 사용후핵연료 처리기술 및 정책현황과 우리나라의 관련연구 현황

유길성,정원명,구정회,조일제,국동학,권기찬,이원경,이은표,홍동희,유지섭,박성원,You, Gil-Sung,Choung, Won-Myung,Ku, Jeong-Hoe,Cho, Il-Je,Kook, Dong-Hak,Kwon, Kie-Chan,Lee, Won-Kyung,Lee, Eun-Pyo,Hong, Dong-Hee,Yoon, Ji-Sup,Park, Seong-W 한국방사성폐기물학회 2007 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.5 No.4

Status on the spent nuclear fuel management policy and R&D plan of the major countries is surveyed. Also the prospect of the future R&D plan is suggested. Recently so-called fuel cycle nations, which have the reprocess policy of the spent fuel, announced new spent fuel management policy based on the advanced fuel cycle technology. The policy is focused to transmute highly radioactive material and material having a very long half-life, and to recycle the Pu and U contained in the spent fuel. In this way the radio-foxily of the spent fuel as well as the amount of the high level waste to be eventually disposed can greatly be reduced. Most of countries selected the wet process as a primary option for the treatment of the spent fuel since the advanced wet process, which is based on the existing PUREX process, looks more feasible as compared with the dry process. The wet process, however, is much more sensitive in terms of proliferation-resistance compared with the dry process. The pure Pu can easily be obtained by simply modifying the process. On the other hand the pure Pu can not be extracted in the dry process based on the high temperature molten salt process such as a pyroprocess. Even though the pyroprocess technology is very premature, it has a great merit. Thus it is necessary for Korea to have a long term strategy for pursuing a spent fuel treatment technology with a proliferation resistance and a great merit for the GEN-IV fuel cycles. Pyroprocess is one of the best candidates to satisfy these purposes.

삼릉(三稜) 추출물의 간세포 보호 및 미토콘드리아 보호 효과

서혜림,이주희,장미희,권영원,조일제,김광중,박숙자,김상찬,김영우,변성희,Seo, Hye-Lim,Lee, Ju-Hee,Jang, Mi-Hee,Kwon, Young-Won,Cho, Il-Je,Kim, Kwang-Joong,Park, Sook-Jahr,Kim, Sang-Chan,Kim, Young-Woo,Byun, Sung-Hui 대한한의학방제학회 2015 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

Objectives : Sparganii Rhizoma is frequently used in traditional herbal medicine for treatment of blood stasis, amenorrhea and functional dyspepsia and has been reported to exhibit anti-oxidant, anti-proliferation and anti-angiogenesis peoperties. In this study, we investigated the cytoprotective effect and underlying mechanism of Sparganii Rhizoma water extract (SRE) against oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in hepatocyte. Methods : To determine the effects of SRE on oxidative stress, we induced synergistic cytotoxicity by co-treatment of arachidonic acid (AA) and iron in the HepG2 cell, a human derived hepatocyte cell line. Results : Treatment of SRE increased relative cell viability and altered the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bcl-xL, Bcl-2 and procaspase-3. And SRE also inhibited the mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive reactive oxygen species production induced by AA+iron. In addition, SRE activated of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a potential target for cytoprotection, by increasing the phosphorylation of AMPKα at Thr-172. Morever, SRE increased phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, a direct downstream target of AMPK. Conclusion : These results indicated that SRE has the ability to protect against oxidative stress-induced hepatocyte damage, which may be mediated with AMPK pathway.