안전형 비납땜 틀고정 영구 접속형 멀티콘센트 개발에 관한 연구

조원석(Won-Seok Cho),이위로(Wi-Ro Lee) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2015 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.29 No.12

Normally, multiple socket-outlet is manufactured with soldered, welded permanent connection (termination). Because this procedure is very non-environmental and requires many labor forces, many companies skip this process. To solve this these problems, this research had to design permanent joint type multiple socket-outlet, develop safer multiple socket-outlet than is sold in markets. Progressing this research, we took 3 steps. First, we had to design device for fixing a frame suitable for multiple socket-outlet. Second, this multiple socket-outlet must pass fundamental standards through international standard (IEC 60884-1) and Korean standard (K 60884-1) tests. Third, it had to pass both several mechanical and electrical tests which is more strict than fundamental standards and vibration and impact tests following KS standards for enhancing its safety. After finishing 3 steps, we could obtain objective and fair data, develop environmental permanent joint type multiple socket-outlet without soldering crimped connection.

일본 환경성 환경공생형 주택의 설계 기법에 관한 연구

조원석 ( Cho Won Seok ),문정인 ( Moon Jung In ) 한국기초조형학회 2017 기초조형학연구 Vol.18 No.4

2015년 제21차 기후변화협약 당사국 총회에서 채택된 `파리 협정(Paris Agreement)`을 준수하기 위해서는 세계적으로 CO₂의 배출량을 줄여야 한다. 일본은 2050년까지 60~80%의 CO₂배출 삭감을 목표로 에코하우스라는 친환경 시범하우스를 전국 20곳에 건설하여 친환경 건축기술 보급에 노력하고 있다. 우리나라도 CO₂감축노력에 동참해야 할 시점으로 주요한 선행 사례로서 일본 환경성의 환경공생형 주택의 건축설계기법을 분석할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 지역풍토 이해를 바탕으로 건설된 일본 환경성의 환경공생형 주택을 대상으로 건축설계기법을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이는 우리나라 기후조건에 적합한 친환경주택개발에 필요로 하는 기초적 자료 제공에 그 의의가 있다. 연구방법은 문헌조사와 2차의 일본현지조사에 의했다. <일사량>과 <기온>으로 지역기후의 특성을 5단계로 나타내는 패시브 지역구분에 따라 각 지역의 에코하우스의 각부구조 및 단면구성을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 것을 지적하였다. 자연에너지 활용, 자연건축소재 이용 등 CO₂감축을 위한 다양한 친환경 기법이 사용되고 있다. 특히 건축설계기법적 측면에서 보면, 일사량이 적고 추운지역(레벨 1, 2)에서는 겨울철 일사를 실내로 적극 도입하기 위해 남측에 큰 창을 설치하고 2층 바닥일부를 개방하고 있다. 그리고 지붕 복토(覆土), 벽체 통기층(通氣層) 설치 등 겨울철 실내 온도유지를 위한 축열 및 단열 등의 건축설계기법으로 많이 채택하고 있다. 이에 대해 일사량이 많은 지역(레벨 4)에서는 대부분 대면창(對面窓) 또는 일사 차폐(遮蔽)시설 설치, 지중냉열(冷熱) 활용 실내공기 강제순환시스템 등 여름철 실내 온도를 낮추기 위한 건축설계기법을 많이 채택하고 있다. To comply with the `Paris Agreement` adopted at the 21st Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Climate Change in 2015, it is necessary to reduce CO₂ emissions globally. Japan aims to reduce 60~80% of greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, and is making efforts to disseminate eco-friendly construction technology by constructing Eco-House, an eco-friendly demonstration house, in 20 locations nationwide. It is necessary to analyze the architectural design method of environment symbiotic housing of the Japan Environment Agency as a principal precedent case when Korea should join in CO₂ reduction efforts. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze the Japan Environment Agency`s architectural design techniques of the environment symbiotic housing which was constructed based on the understanding of local climate. This is meaningful in providing basic data needed for development of eco-friendly housing suitable for Korea`s climate conditions. The research method was based on the literature survey and the two field surveys in Japan. Based on the analysis of the structure and cross-sectional structure of the eco-house in each region according to the passive area classification showing the five stages of characteristics of the local climate by the “solar radiation” and “temperature”, the following points were pointed out. Various eco-friendly technologies for CO₂ reduction are being used, such as utilization of natural energy and utilization of natural building materials. Especially, from the viewpoint of architectural design technologies, large windows are installed on the south side and a part of the second floor is opened to positively introduce winter solar radiation into the indoor areas in cold regions with low radiation (levels 1 and 2). Roof earth sheltering (覆土) and installation of wall ventilation layer (通氣層) are widely adopted as architectural design techniques such as heat insulation and insulation for maintaining indoor temperature in winter. On the other hand, many architectural design techniques for lowering the room temperature in the summer, such as installation of facing windows (對面窓) or solar shielding (遮蔽) facilities, and indoor air forced circulation system using underground cold heat (冷熱) are adopted in regions with high radiation (level 4).

역사문헌기록 속의 난방관련 단어에 관한 연구

조원석 ( Cho Won Seok ),문정인 ( Moon Jung In ) 한국기초조형학회 2019 기초조형학연구 Vol.20 No.1

우리나라 전통주택의 발달과정과 당시의 생활상을 조금 더 명확히 규명하기 위해 고고학적 연구결과와 문헌학적 연구결과를 상호보완적으로 활용하여 설명할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본고는 한국고전종합DB와 고고학적 연구 결과를 바탕으로 역사문헌기록 속에서 난방관련 단어가 뜻하는 것에 대한 가설제안을 목표로 한다. 연구는 먼저 한국고전종합DB에서 한글 [온돌]에 대응하는 한자 검색자료를 문헌의 저작 년대별로 정리하여 종축으로 하고, 역사문헌이 지칭하는 지역을 횡축으로 하는 매트릭스를 작성하여 시계열적, 지역적 특성 분석하였다. 그리고 고고학적 자료를 바탕으로 종합 분석하여 결론을 도출하는 순서와 방법에 의했다. 첫째 시계열적 특성을 보면, 14세기까지는 <공간의 상태>를 의미하는 난방관련 단어(燠室)의 관찰빈도가 매우 높으며, 사물의 상태를 나타내는 난방관련 단어인 <溫突> 등은 14세기 초∼15세기 초 문헌에서 관찰되기 시작한다. 이후 15세기에는 <온돌> 등과 같은 사물의 상태를 나타내는 단어의 관찰빈도가 지속적으로 높아지는 반면, 공간의 상태를 나타내는<욱실(燠室)>과 같은 단어의 관찰빈도가 낮아진다. 그리고 16세기부터 18세기까지는 사물의 상태를 지칭하는<온돌>이라는 단어와, 공간의 상태를 나타내는 <온방(溫房)> 등의 단어가 동시에 관찰된다. 이와 같은 이와 같은 시계열적 지역적 특성은 고고학적 연구결과와 유사한 흐름을 가지고 있다. 따라서 역사문헌 기록 중의 <온돌>은 생활면으로 확장된 바닥으로 난방 및 축열, 배연기능을 갖는 난방설비를 지칭하며, <욱실>은 공간의 상태를 나타내는 단어로 생활 바닥면으로서 기능이 확대되기 이전 단계의 배연구조만 있는 난방설비가 설치되어 따뜻한 실내 환경을 지칭하는 것으로 이해해야 한다 In order to bring more light on the development of the Korean traditional housing and people’s lives in ancient times, we need to provide descriptions that tap into the intercomplementary combination of the archeological research results and philological research results. Accordingly, this thesis aims to put forward a hypothesis on what the heating related vocabulary means in the historical records, based on the Korean Classics Database and the archeological research results. The study first compiled the Sino-Korean search data matching the Korean ondol from the Korean Classics Database and took it as the axis of ordinates, and then, created the axis of abscissa from the regions referred to by the historical records. With these axes, the study created a matrix and analyzed the time-series and regional characteristics. The sequence and method of the study were such that a comprehensive analysis was performed on the archeological data, from which the conclusion was drawn. First, the time-series characteristics show that the heating-related term of uksil (燠室), which meant ‘the condition of space’, registered a very high frequency of observation until the 14th century. And those heating-related terms that describe the condition of things such as ondol (溫突) were not found in records until the early 14th century to the early 15th century. In the 15th century, those words that showed the condition of things such as ondol registered a continuously increasing frequency of observation, whereas words like uksil were observed with decreasing frequency. And between the 16th century and the 18th century, both the words like ondol referring to the condition of things and those like onbang referring to the condition of space were observed. And these time-series characteristics show a pattern that resembles the archeological research results. Therefore, we should understand that the term of ondol found in the historical records should be read as referring to the expanded floor in residential space, that is, the heating facility with heating, thermal energy storage, and smoke exhaust features, whereas the term of uksil that indicates the condition of space refers to the indoor space with heating facilities that include the smoke structure alone.

중국연변지역 조선족과 한족 농촌주택의 변화에 관한 비교연구

허성걸,조원석,Heo, Seong-Geol,Cho, Won-Seok 한국농촌건축학회 2016 농촌건축 : 한국농촌건축학회논문집 Vol.18 No.2

This study is aimed to suggesting a hypothesis about the process of improvement of houses of the Korean-Chinese, comparing how Han Chinese and Korean-Chinese houses changed in Yanbian Area of China. This draws the conclusion by analyzing the field survey about residence of the Han Chinese and the Korean-Chinese in Yanbian Area of China. First of all, the characteristic of residence style change and the plan of rural houses of the Han Chinese are in the following. The plan of houses has been changed from allocating rooms from side to side with the kitchen as the center to linking each functional spaces through the aisle. And the main bedroom of houses becomes the central space for family members instead of Kang (partial Ondol) by expanding the floor heating system under the whole floor in houses. Next, the feature of residence style changes of the Han Chinese and the Korean-Chinese is as follows. In 1970s barns disappeared from houses of the Korean Chinese, but houses of the Han Chinese were not much changed. From 1980s to 1990s, spaces linking each rooms with aisles had appeared for comfortableness of residence and respecting each individual's privacy. On the other hand, The houses of the Korean-Chinese make a whole big space by getting rid of walls between the rooms. And after 2 thousand years later, Han Chinese houses have a bedroom with floor heating system. Both houses of the Korean-Chinese and the Han Chinese are changed to have a residence style which taking sedentary style and standing style.

방탄소년단 팬덤 ‘아미(ARMY)’와 팬번역

조성은(Cho, Sung-Eun),조원석(Cho, Won-Seok) 한국번역학회 2021 번역학연구 Vol.22 No.1

중국연변지역 조선족 농촌주택의 시기별 변천에 대한 조사연구 - 평면의 변화를 중심으로 -

허성걸,조원석,변경화,Heo, Seong-Geol,Cho, Won-Seok,Byun, Kyeonghwa 한국농촌건축학회 2015 농촌건축 : 한국농촌건축학회논문집 Vol.17 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to analysis on periodical changes of rural houses of Korean-Chinese people residing in Yanbian area, China focused on periodical changes of floor plans according to Chinese government's policies and regulations influencing on rural houses. Changes of floor plans are classified into four periods; immigrating settled period, 1960-1970s, 1980-1990s, and after 2000. Total number of 67 cases were analyzed that data was collected 48 cases of literature studies and 19 cases of field study in Yanbian, China. The results are as followings. In immigrating settled period, floor plans of the rural houses have tended to be continued the pattern of the Korean traditional rural houses. Nevertheless China was changed socialism system, rarely floor plans were influenced by the system during this period. From 1960s to 1970s, the livestock and rural mechanization are influenced by the "People's Commune" policy. The "Barn" and "Mill" were converted into "warehouse". The residential part consists of one Jeongji (space mixed dinning and kitchen) and one to three of Ondolbang (room). From 1980s to 1990s influenced by the policies of "Cultural Revolution", "Birth Control" and "Chinese Economic Reform", the Korean traditional customs like "elders first" and "distinction between the male and female have been gradually vanished. Meanwhile, spaces of the rural houses have consisted of Jeongji, big Utppang (room), and warehouse. Each space is opened and mutual. Since 2000, influenced by the policy of a "new Socialist Countryside Construction", the bathroom and kitchen are added in interior spaces, the life style in rural houses has been changed as for both the sedentary style and western style.

경량차체 개발동향

임태원(Tae-won Lim),조원석(Won-seok Cho) 한국자동차공학회 1999 한국자동차공학회 학술강연 논문집 Vol.1999 No.5B

태백시 경로당 공간 개선 방안에 관한 연구

문정인 ( Moon Jung In ),조원석 ( Cho Won Seok ) 한국기초조형학회 2018 기초조형학연구 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 태백시의 20년 이상 된 경로당을 이용하는 노인들을 대상으로 현황 및 면담조사를 통해 경로당공간 개선방향을 도출하는 목적으로 진행되었다. 연구의 조사범위 및 방법은 다음과 같다. 조사 시기는 2017년 2월 20일부터 2월 22일까지이며 조사범위는 태백시 20년 이상 된 경로당 시설을 직접 방문하여 실시하였다. 실태조사 방법은 대상 경로당의 공간구성 관찰로 진행하였으며 면담조사 방법은 경로당 시설 책임자(회장)를 대상으로 면담을 진행하였다. 따라서 조사 후 경로당 개선방안을 제안할 수 있었으며 다음의 내용으로 정리할 수 있다. 첫째, 출입공간의 현관은 면적을 확보하여 노인들이 활동에 제약을 받지 않도록 시설물 계획이 필요하다. 둘째, 생활 및 프로그램공간으로 거실공간은 프로그램이 진행 될 수 있는 독립적인 실의 구성 계획과 동시에 공간 확장이 필요하다. 하지만 거실공간이 단순한 면적확장이 아닌 다양한 활동이 일어나는 특성을 고려하여 공간을 분류하고 사용할 수 있도록 계획한다. 또한 경로당 이용은 주로 할머니 비율이 높고 할아버지 이용은 낮아서 할아버지 경로당은 폐쇄한 곳이 다수 있었다. 따라서 활용이 떨어지는 할아버지 방이 프로그램을 할 수 있는 공간으로 계획한다. 셋째, 위생공간의 화장실은 공간의 분리 및 확장을 고려하도록 계획한다. 넷째, 기타 창고 및 수납공간의 설치될 수 있도록 계획한다. 다섯째, 경로당의 시설물 교체, 설비 등 경로당 유지관리에 대한 부분이 행정관리 측면에서 지속적인 계획에 대한 방법이 고려되어야 한다. 여섯째 경로당의 프로그램을 진행할 수 있도록 프로그램실을 계획하거나 거실 및 다른 공간의 사용을 유연성 있게 하는 계획이 필요하다. This study is aimed at surveying the senior living in Taebaek city who have been using the senior citizen center for more than 20 years in order to identify the current progress of the ongoing program in Taebaek City, thereby seeking directions for the future improvements of the program. The scope and method of research are as follows. The survey is from February 20, 2017 to February 22, 2017. The scope of the survey is conducted by visiting the facilities in Taebaek city for more than 20 years. Actual condition survey method is spatial measurements and taking photographs. The interview method is conducted for the person in charge of the facility at the headquarters. First, the porch plan is to expand the area so that the elderly are not restricted in activities. Second, the living room needs an independent room to expand the space so that the program can proceed. However, it is planned that the living room can classify and use space considering the characteristics of various activities rather than simple area expansion. In addition, there were places where men were mostly closed because the use rate of women was high and the use of men was low. Therefore, it is planned that the rooms of men who are inferior in utilization can be used as a space for operating the program. Third, the toilet plans to consider the separation of male and female space and expansion. Fourth, it is planned to install other warehouse and storage space. Fifth, the part about the maintenance of the facility, such as facility replacement and facilities, should be considered in terms of administrative management. Sixth, the program room is flexible enough to use the living room or integrate with other spaces.

용접판재(Tailored Blank)를 이용한 Door Inner 개발

김관회(Koan-Hoi Kim),조원석(Won-Seok Cho),김헌영(Heon-Young Kim) 한국소성가공학회 1998 박판성형 심포지엄 Vol.1998 No.2

자동차용 강판의 $CO_2$ 레이저 빔 조사 강화

서정,이제훈,김정오,오상진,조원석,이두환,신철수,Seo, Jung,Lee, Je-Hoon,Kim, Jung-Oh,Oh, Sang-Jin,Cho, Won-Seok,Lee, Doo-Hwan,Shin, Chul-Soo 한국레이저가공학회 2001 한국레이저가공학회지 Vol.4 No.2

The laser strengthening of 35kgf/㎟ and 60kgf/㎟ grade steel sheets is investigated by using CO$_2$ laser beam irradiation. The increase of tensile strength is dominated by the number of fully penetrated melting line. Also. the optimal laser input energy(hardness) and the number of melting line (melting width) are important variables for laser strengthening. Local strengthening by laser beam may be effective for the weight reduction of components where the tailored welded blank can not be applied.