유아교육기관 체육용품 및 시설의 문제점과 개선방안

조용찬(Cho, Yong-Chan),김현정(Kim, Hyun-Jung),김수미(Kim, Soo-Mi) 한국체육과학회 2017 한국체육과학회지 Vol.26 No.5

The purpose of this study is to analyze the issues and problems associated with the physical education equipments and facilities in early childhood education institutions and to propose ways of improvement thereof. For this, I have collected data through open surveys on the issues and problems associated with the physical education equipments and facilities among teachers of early childhood education institutions in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province and parents, conducted inductive analysis and drawn the following conclusions. First, physical education equipment manufacturers are advised to develop products suitable to infants and toddlers. Second, physical education equipment manufacturers are also recommended to take safety, hygiene, and quality into consideration in manufacturing their products based on the previously stated proposal on improvement. Third, the government should come up with policies to secure space sufficient enough for physical education activities in early childhood education institutions. Fourth, a variety of measures and ways of resolving issues and problems of physical education equipment and facilities should be legally institutionalized.

강원도 남부지역에서 소나무림 벌채 후 초기 종조성 변화

조용찬 ( Yong Chan Cho ),김준수 ( Jun Soo Kim ),이창석 ( Chang Seok Lee ),조현제 ( Hyun Je Cho ),이호영 ( Ho Yeong Lee ),배관호 ( Kwan Ho Bae ) 한국임학회 2011 한국산림과학회지 Vol.100 No.2

강원도 남부 지역의 발달단계가 다른 소나무림 벌채지에서 16년 동안의 식생 변화를 연구하였다. 교란 후, 천이 궤적 및 환경 변화를 온도, 상대습도, 서열분석(Detrended Correspondence Analysis, DCA), Multiple Responses Permutation Procedure(MRPP) 및 지표종 분석(Indicator Species Analysis, ISPAN) 등을 통하여 분석하였다. 벌채 직후, 수관열림도는 대조구와 비교하여 세 배(1yr 68.3% 및 R1 23.0%)로 급격히 증가한 후 감소하였으나, 상대습도는 비교적 작은 변화(약 6% 감소)를 나타내었다. DCA 결과, 벌채 후 초기에는 종조성이 이질적으로 변화하였으나, 점차 벌채 이전(대조구)의 것과 유사하게 발달하였다. MRPP 결과, 각 발달 단계(1yr, 3yr, 10yr 및 16yr)의 종 조성은 대조구(R1, R3, R10 및 R16)의 것과 유의한 차이를 보였다. 1yr 및 3yr에서는 목본성 종이, 10yr 및 16yr에서는 초본 종들이 주요 종으로 분석되어, 교란 직후에는 목본성 종들이 활발한 재생을 나타내며, 이후 초본 식생이 발달하는 것을 보였다. 연구 대상지역의 천이는 초기 식물상 조성 모델로 설명할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. Vegetation changes were studied for 16 yr in clearcut logged Pinus densiflora forests in the southern Gangwon-do province in Korea by applying chronosequence approach. Ambient temperature and relative humidity, Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Multiple Responses Permutation Procedure (MRPP), Indicator Species Analysis (ISPAN) were used to examine successional trajectory and compositional changes. After clearcutting, canopy openness was increased abruptly at three folds (1yr 68.3% and R1 23.0%) and then decreased, but relative moisture was slightly decreased (6%) compare to control site. In the result of DCA, right after clear cutting, vegetation composition was developed heterogeneously compared to control sites, and then approached to control sites within 16 years. Based on MRPP, species composition of each developmental stages (1yr, 3yr, 10yr and 16yr) revealed signigicant differences to that of control vegetation (R1, R3, R10 and R16). Indicator species in 1yr and 3yr samples included various woody species rather than herbaceous species, but in 10yr and 16yr, herbaceous were more abundant. Earlier succession of pine forests likely can explain to Initial Floristic Composition (IFC) Model.

울릉도 섬잣나무-솔송나무림의 구조 및 하층식생의 종 다양성

조용찬 ( Yong Chan Cho ),홍진기 ( Jin Ki Hong ),조현제 ( Hyun Je Cho ),배관호 ( Kwan Ho Bae ),김준수 ( Jun Soo Kim ) 한국임학회 2011 한국산림과학회지 Vol.100 No.1

본 연구에서는 울릉도 태하령의 섬잣나무-솔송나무림에서 10개의 영구방형구(10 m×10 m) 및 30개의 소방형구(1 m×3 m)를 설치하여 임분구조, 식생조성 및 종다양성을 밝히며 종다양성 모형을 수립하였다. 섬잣나무-솔송나무 임분의 광량은 평균 3.7 mol·m-2·day-1, 수관 열림도는 평균 8.6 %로 분석되었다. Mantel 검정 결과, 임분 상층의 구조가 장기적으로 지속되기 어려울 것으로 나타났다. 하층식생의 조성은 지상부의 구조 및 토양 나출도와 유의한 상관을 나타내었다. 중회귀분석을 통한 종다양성 모형에서 섬잣나무의 양적 요인(단면적 및 밀도) 및 숲 바닥 조건이 유의한 예측변수로 분석되었다. 섬잣나무-솔송나무림의 유지에는 비교적 큰 규모의 교란이 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 종다양성을 유지하기 위해서는 여우꼬리사초 및 큰두루미꽃과 같은 단일 군반을 형성하는 교란지 종의 확장을 제어하는 것이 필요하다. Vegetation structure, composition and diversity were quantified for 10 samples (10 m×10 m) representing woody vegetation and for 30 samples (1 m×3 m) representing understory vegetation in Pinus parviflora and Tsuga sieboldii forest of Taeharyeong, Ulleung-gun (Gyeongsangbuk-do). P. parviflora was limitedly advanced to sapling layer from seedling stage, and based on Mantel tests, composition of canopy layer was not established in ground woody vegetation. Non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed influence of biotic and abiotic factors in species composition of woody and understory vegetation. In the result of multiple regression model, abundance of P. parviflora (density and breast height area) and percent cover of woody debris were significant predict variables for understory diversity. These results suggest that relatively large disturbance is required for regeneration of P. parviflora and T. sieboldii forest, and control of expansion of monocultural understory species that monopolize resources such as Carex blepharicarpa and Maianthemum dilatatum, is necessary for maintenance of diversity.

프로스포츠 관람제약요인과 응원활동, 응원몰입 및 관람만족 관계 검증

조용찬(Yong Chan Cho),남재준(Jae Jun Nam),김종환(Chong Hwan Kim) 한국사회체육학회 2013 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.52

A research on professional sports spectatorship constraints has great influence in a sense of clarifying a cause for spectatorship constraints and of offering information on the pro sports spectating activation. The background that professional sports could be continuously developed through competition in good faith with other leisure activities is not only because it offers opportunity of sound leisure activity to people as the spec-tating sport, but also because the phenomenon of cheering commitment through creative, unique and pas-sionate cheering activity peculiar to pro sports is functioning as a detonator of pro sports with highlighting the stadium atmosphere. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to establish a differentiated marketing strategy in line with pro sports characteristics by analyzing which difference there is in relationship among pro sports spectatorship constraints, cheering activity, cheering commitment and spectating satisfaction. The research subjects were carried out targeting home spectators with 380 people for 「2011 Lotte Card Professional Baseball」, 374 people for 「Hyundai Oil Bank K-League 2011」, 377 people for 「2010-2011 Hyundai Mobis Professional Basketball」, and 378 people for 「2010-2011 NH V-League」. Questionnaire was composed of spectatorship constraint factor, cheering activity factor, cheering commitment factor and spec-tating satisfaction factor. Reliability in each of factors was indicated to be more than .70 in all factors. Data processing was carried out EFA(exploratory factor analysis) by using SPSS 18.0 Window Version. Also, the fit and the individual hypothesis of research model were verified through CFA(Confirmatory factor analysis) and SEM(Structural Equation Model) by utilizing AMOS 16.0. And to secure convergent validity, AVE(average variance extracted) and conceptual reliability were confirmed. Examining the findings, first, the relationship between pro sports spectatorship constraints and cheering commitment was indicated that there is difference among pro baseball, pro basketball, pro football, and pro volleyball. Second, the relationship between pro sports cheering activity and cheering commitment was indicated that there is no difference among pro base-ball, pro football, pro basketball, and pro volleyball. Third, the relationship between pro sports cheering com-mitment and spectating satisfaction was indicated that there after purchase is no difference among pro base-ball, pro football, pro basketball, and pro volleyball. Fourth, the relationship between pro sports spectatorship constraints and spectating satisfaction was indicated that there is difference among pro football, pro baseball, pro basketball, and pro volleyball. Fifth, the relationship between pro sports cheering activity and spectating satisfaction was indicated that there is difference among pro baseball, pro volleyball, pro football, and pro bas-- ketball. Examining the specific results of hypothesis verification, they are as follows. As a result of empirical analysis on Hypothesis 1, the pro baseball and pro basketball were rejected. As a re-sult of empirical analysis on Hypothesis 2, the pro baseball, pro football, pro basketball and pro volleyball were all adopted. As a result of empirical analysis on Hypothesis 3, the pro baseball, pro football, pro basketball and pro volleyball were all adopted. As a result of empirical analysis on Hypothesis 4, the pro football was adopted. Pro baseball, pro basketball and pro volleyball were rejected. As a result of empirical analysis on Hypothesis 5, the pro baseball and pro volleyball were adopted. Pro football and pro basketball were rejected. In light of these findings, the spectating satisfaction is considered to be likely to naturally get higher given solving the spectatorship constraints amid the deepening market competition and allowing the audiences to be committed to cheering based on active cheering activity in order to further develop pro sports.

프로스포츠 종목 및 관람횟수에 따른 스폰서기업 브랜드연상의 귀납적 차이 분석

조용찬(Cho, Yong-Chan),김현정(Kim, Hyun-Jung) 한국체육과학회 2017 한국체육과학회지 Vol.26 No.6

This study aims to find out the difference of sponsorship companies’ brand associations according to pro sports items and the number of visits. It has its significance in that it establishes an effective marketing strategy for companies and provides objective basic data based on the results. For this purpose, we used an open questionnaire on uniform brands and brand associations targeting home audiences of the top two professional soccer and baseball teams with the most number of audiences in 2016, FC Seoul, Jeonbuk Hyundai, Doosan Bears, and LG Twins. Based on the results of inductive analysis, the following suggestions were made on effective marketing strategies for sporting goods companies. First, companies should make products considering the quality, design, and materials of the goods. Second, in addition to focusing on the goods, it is necessary to enhance the positive brand images by implementing marketing using visual images such as the shape of logos, awareness generated by the exposure to fans through sponsorship. Third, companies need to form positive brand associations by conducting various marketing besides sponsorship.

스타선수의 축구이벤트 “노쇼”에 따른 스타파워와 팀 스타파워 특성이 소비성향에 미치는 영향

조용찬(Cho, Yong-Chan),남재준(Nam, Jae-Jun) 한국체육과학회 2022 한국체육과학회지 Vol.31 No.5

The purpose of this paper is to propose the marketing strategy that utilizes star players by planning sports events by analysing the impact of the star power of global star players and team star power on consumers’ propensity of college football fans. The subjects of this study were 461 students majored sports among college students located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, and Gangwon areas. For data processing, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed using SPSS 26.0 Window Version. After that Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted using the AMOS 25.0 statistical program. As a result, first, it was found that the star power of Ronaldo had a significant effect on the consumption propensity. Second, it was found that the star power of the team to which Ronaldo belongs Ronaldo had a significant influence on the consumption propensity.

e-sport 산업의 발전전략 수립을 위한 이용자의 성향 분석

조용찬(Cho Yong-Chan),신충식(Sin Chung-Sik),설정덕(Sul Jeong-Dug) 한국체육과학회 2006 한국체육과학회지 Vol.15 No.4

The purpose was to present user tendencies and difference of perceptions that are necessary for establishing effective development strategy of e-sport which was rising as a new industry in the field of sports industry and to became helpful as a part of target marketing where e-sport which was making rapid development chronologically or historically could set the position as a sound culture to general public as true sports by analyzing the difference of perceptions toward user preferences and development status. The following conclusions were derived as a result of performing the awareness of e-sports and degree of understanding as sports according to demographic characteristics (gender, age) of subjects for research, difference in factors related to game media, frequency analysis, Chi-Square verification and t-test verification toward the difference in negative perceptions followed by addiction and development outlook of e-sport. 1. Through rational and effective publicizing activities, it must form a golden nugget marketing that can create a high added value in sports industry as well as being recognized as a true form of sports by general public. 2. By precognizing the social and cultural negative factors that e-sports can exert, it must make preparations to develop specific programs and healing methods to prevent these negative factors. 3. Based on clear logic and basis, it must present the true existence of e-sports and potential for its development by preparing the legal and systematic bases related to e-sports as well as the comprehensive and standardized e-sport regulations. 4. By connecting to new development of genres preferred by users, it must make efforts to expand the base of e-sport and increase popularity through ensuring and operating game channels that can provide such genres in diversity.

유산소운동과 저항운동이 고령여성의 DHEA 및 Estrogen 호르몬에 미치는 영향

조용찬(Cho Yong-Chan),한정규(Han Joung-Kyue) 한국체육과학회 2007 한국체육과학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Korea has entered phase of aging society already in 2000 due to increase in population of the aged persons with increase in the average life expectancy of general population. According to the recent result of population estimation by the National Statistical Office, it is forecasted that Korea will enter the phase of aged society by 2018. In relations to this, it is known that DHEA and Estrogen Hormone, hormones related to aging, imparts substantial effect on the human body and are causes of physical and psychological problems particularly in women who are undergoing menopause. Accordingly, this Study obtained the following conclusion as the result of analysis of the effects of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise on DHEA and Estrogen Hormone in aged women. There were significant differences in DHEA [F=12.99, p<.01] and Estrogen Hormone [F=12.48 p<.01] in accordance with the time of measurement. Furthermore, it was found that secretion increased further when subjected to resistance exercise in comparison to aerobic exercise. Therefore, it is believed that aerobic exercise and resistance exercise in aged women can prevent health issues, and maintain and improve health in aged women by preventing osteoporosis, prevention of dementia, promotion of synthesis of neurotransmission material, and improvement of immune function through exercising by bringing about increase in secretion of DHEA and Estrogen Hormone, along with accompanied effect of prevention of cardiac disorder and arteriosclerosis.

사회인 야구동호인들의 야구용품 구매결정요인이 브랜드이미지와 브랜드만족 및 재구매의도에 미치는 영향

조용찬(Cho, Yong-Chan),이일(Li-Yi),김현정(Kim, Hyun-Jung) 한국체육과학회 2018 한국체육과학회지 Vol.27 No.1

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of amateur baseball club members’ baseball supplies purchase decision factor (factor of amateur baseball club members’ decision to purchase baseball supplies) on brand image, brand satisfaction, and intent of repeat purchase. This study was conducted for 356 amateur baseball club members in the areas of Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon, and as for data processing, SPSS 23.0 version was used to conduct frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, multiple regression analysis, and simple repression analysis. The results derived through such procedure are as follows. First, brand, design, showing off (or self-display), quality, and advertisement, among sub-factors of the baseball supplies purchase decision factor, had significant effect on brand image. Second, quality among sub-factors of the baseball supplies purchase decision factor, had significant effect on brand satisfaction. Third, baseball supplies’ brand image as perceived by amateur baseball club members had significant effect on brand satisfaction. Fourth, baseball supplies’ brand image and brand satisfaction as perceived by amateur baseball club members had significant effect on the intent of repeat purchase.

도계 석탄폐석 적치장 주변지반의 지형변화 조사 및 분석

조용찬 ( Yong Chan Cho ),송영석 ( Young Suk Song ),김경수 ( Kyeong Su Kim ) 대한지질공학회 2011 지질공학 Vol.21 No.3

강원도 삼척시에 위치한 도계 석탄폐석 적치장 주변지반에서 지반변형이 발생되었다. 대상지역에서의 지반변형 원인을 조사하기 위하여 시추조사 및 현장조사를 통한 지반조사와 기존 발간된 지형도를 이용한 지형분석을 실시하였다. 시추조사결과 상부에 토층이 9-28.5 m로 존재하고 있으며, 대상지역에 발생된 주요 균열을 조사한 결과 240~250o 방향으로 지반이 변형되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한 기존 발간된 지형도를 이용하여 비교분석한 결과 대상지역에서는 지속적으로 석탄폐석이 적치되었음을 확인 할 수 있다. 지반조사 및 지형분석결과를 토대로 대상지역의 지형변화 원인을 분석한 결과 대상지역에 존재하는 두꺼운 토층이 내적요인이며, 석탄폐석의 지속적인 적치로 인한 하중증가 및 하단부에서의 사면절취가 외적요인으로 나타났다. To investigate the causes of ground deformation around the Dogye coal waste depot in Samcheok city, Gangwon Province, we undertook a field survey and performed boring tests and a topographic analysis using maps compiled in various years. The results of boring tests and analyses of ground fractures indicate that the thickness of the soil layer ranges from 9 to 28.5 m and that ground deformation has occurred to the 240-250o direction. The topographic analysis revealed that the topography of the site has changed continuously due to the dumping of coal waste. The causes of ground deformation, investigated by both field surveys and the topographic analysis, were the thick layer of soil at this site, the loading weight of coal waste, and the excavation at the lower part of the slope.