가성낭을 동반한 만성 췌장염 환자에서 발생한 비장경색 및 비장파열 1 예

조용구(Yong Gu Cho),임영찬(Young Chan Lim),한병호(Beoung Ho Han),김충기(Chung Kee Kim),임홍섭(Hong Seub Lim),심영웅(Young Woong Sim),송갑영(Gap Young Song) 대한소화기학회 2001 대한소화기학회지 Vol.38 No.6

Splenic infarction is not common disease which is caused by occlusion of the main splenic artery or any of its branches. It is mainly caused by emboli that arise from cardiovascular disease, but sometimes by regional thrombosis associated with leukemia, myeloproliferative disorder, sickle cell anemia, pancreatitis, portal hypertension, splenic torsion, septicemia and drugs, etc. Splenic infarction accompained by chronic pancreatitis is most likely due to splenic vein thrombosis, surrounding tissue fibrosis accompanied with splenic vessel occlusion, and intrasplenic penetration of pancreatic pseudocyst. Recently, we experienced a case of splenic infarction and rupture in a 46-year-old male who had been diagnosed as chronic pancreatitis with pseudocyst. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2001;38:457-460)

FDDI LAN 에서 High Speed Bridges 성능 분석

조용구(Yong-Gu Cho),이재호(Jae-Ho Lee) 한국통신학회 1990 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1990 No.8

잉크젯 프린팅을 이용한 코팅공정 성능개선

조용구 ( Yong Gu Cho ),홍정의 ( Jung Eui Hong ) 대한설비관리학회 2013 대한설비관리학회지 Vol.18 No.3

The goal of this study is improving productivity through optimization of transparency liquid chemical coating process. At coating process, the maintenance of the coating gap is an important factor. Specially, at a small split from the substrate, existing coating methods is difficult to maintain the uniformity of coating. In this study, slit coating uniformity compared to inkjet uniformity and thickness profile was analyzed using alpha-step. Also, the pencil hardness test and the color difference measurement were performed. As a result, changes of the coating process need to be made depending on the type of substrate and inkjet coating was suitable for substrate of a small split.

식물 유전자 연구의 최근 동향

조용구,우희종,윤웅한,김홍식,우선희,Cho, Yong-Gu,Woo, Hee-Jong,Yoon, Ung-Han,Kim, Hong-Sig,Woo, Sun-Hee 한국식물생명공학회 2010 식물생명공학회지 Vol.37 No.2

As the completion of genome sequencing, large collection of expression data and the great efforts in annotating plant genomes, the next challenge is to systematically assign functions to all predicted genes in the genome. Functional genome analysis of plants has entered the high-throughput stage. The generations and collections of mutants at the genome-wide level form technological platform of functional genomics. However, to identify the exact function of unknown genes it is necessary to understand each gene's role in the complex orchestration of all gene activities in the plant cell. Gene function analysis therefore necessitates the analysis of temporal and spatial gene expression patterns. The most conclusive information about changes in gene expression levels can be gained from analysis of the varying qualitative and quantitative changes of messenger RNAs, proteins and metabolites. New technologies have been developed to allow fast and highly parallel measurements of these constituents of the cell that make up gene activity. We have reviewed currently employed technologies to identify unknown functions of predicted genes including map-based cloning, insertional mutagenesis, reverse genetics, chemical mutagenesis, microarray analysis, FOX-hunting system, gene silencing mutagenesis, proteomics and chemical genomics. Recent improvements in technologies for functional genomics enable whole-genome functional analysis, and thus open new avenues for studies of the regulations and functions of unknown genes in plants.

이동환경에서 환불 가능한 타원형 곡선 전자화폐

권은경,조용구,채기준,Kwon, Eun-Kyeong,Cho, Yong-Gu,Chae, Ki-Joon 한국정보처리학회 2004 정보처리학회논문지 C : 정보통신,정보보안 Vol.11 No.3

브랜드의 카운터 방식 전자화폐 알고리즘(BOCC)은 이동 환경에 적절하지만, 스마트 카드내 금액정보를 공격할 수 있다. 따라서 토큰 데이터에 지불 한계 금액을 삽입함으로써 상한금액을 넘어서 사용하지 못하도록 하고, 상한과 하한 값을 같게 하면 고정금액 토큰이 된다. 또한 온라인 거래에서 더욱 빈번히 발생 가능한 환불성을 추가한다. 기존의 BOCC는 이산대수문제(Discrete Logarithm Problem)에 근거하기 때문에 지수 승을 반복해서 수행하여야 한다. 그런데 제한된 계산 능력을 가진 이동단말의 경우는 계산량을 줄여야 한다. 따라서 타원곡선 알고리즘(ECC)을 적용함으로써 기능은 동일하나 계산량 감소를 얻을 수 있다 BOCC(Brand's Offline Cash with a Counter) is useful in mobile environments, but it has the possibility of attacking amount data in a smart card. To insert the upper & lower limitation of amount into a token data decreases the level of risk. If upper and lower values are same, it means a fixed amount token. Since refund can more often happen in on-line commerce, refundability is added. BOCC is based on Discrete Logarithm Problem, needs exponential computations. But mobile terminals like cell phones have low computational power. As a result, ECC is used to Improve the performance supporting same security level.

수집 선발한 쑥으로 만든 쑥차와 시판차의 항산화력 비교

정봉환,조용구,Chung, Bong-Hwan,Cho, Yong-Gu 한국작물학회 2006 한국작물학회지 Vol.51 No.suppl1

전국에서 수집한 쑥들에 대한 항산화력과 항산화성분 함량을 비교 분석하여 유효 약용성분을 다량 함유하는 우량계통을 선발한 후 대량 재배하였고, 한방건강식품으로 쑥차를 개발하였다. 개발된 쑥차의 우수성을 알아보기 위해 시판되고 있는 차들을 구입하여 항산화력과 항산화성분 함량을 비교 분석하는 실험들을 수행하였다. 수집 선발한 쑥 AC60, AC67, AC77을 원료로 하여 만든 차들과 시판 차들의 총 폴리페놀 함량들을 분석한 결과 AC67의 총 폴리페놀 함량이 109.6 mg/100 mL로 가장 높았다. 선발 쑥차들의 아질산염 소거능은 선발 쑥 중에서는 AC67가 PH 1.2에서 92.5%로 가장 높았고, 시판 차들 중에는 쟈스민이 98.1%, 감잎차가 96.4%, 녹차가 98.5%, 작설차가 98.7%로 매우 높은 값들을 보여 주었다. SOD 유사 활성을 비교해 본 결과 선발 쑥을 원료로 하는 차들에서는 AC67가 91.7%, AC77이 93.7%로 높았고, 시판 차들에서는 설록차가 92.1%, 루이보스티가 93.8%로 높게 나왔다. 이 결과는 선발 쑥 AC60, AC67, AC77 등은 시판 중인 설록차, 자스민, 작설차, 녹차, 루이보스티 및 페퍼민트차 등과 같은 수준의 고급차의 제조에 이용성이 높을 것으로 생각되었다. Artemisia spp. collections, AC60, AC67, and AC77, that showed the high levels of antioxidant activities and had good growth characters and productivity, were cultivated for mass production. Using selected excellent ones, AC60, AC67, and AC77, after mass production, mugwort teas were made through rubbing and drying processes. Total phenolic compound content, nitrite scavenging ability, and SOD-like activity in mugwort teas and commercial teas were compared. Total phenolic compound content was the highest in AC67 with 109.6 mg/100 ml. Nitrite scavenging ability of AC67 tea was relatively high with 92.5% at pH 1.2 and Jasmine (98.1%), Persimmon Leaf Tea (96.4%), Green tea (98.5%), and Jakseolcha (98.7%) were very high as well. In SOD-like activity, mugwort teas, AC67 (91.7%) and AC77 (93.7%), were high as well as those of Seolrokcha (92.1%) and Rooibos Tea (93.8%). This suggests that AC60, AC67, and AC77 could be used fur making high quality teas as well as Seolrokcha, Jasmine, Green tea, Jakseolcha, Rooibos Tea, Peppermint Herb Tea.

Interleukin-1$\beta$ 및 Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist의 유전적 다형성과 한국인 위암과의 연관 관계

박직영,조용구,김창재,박용규,김영실,박조현,이석형,유남진,이정용,박원상,Park Jik Young,Cho Young Gu,Kim Chang Jae,Park Yong Kyu,Kim Young Sil,Park Cho Hyun,Lee Sug Hyung,Yoo Nam Jin,Lee Jung Young,Park Won Sang 대한위암학회 2002 대한위암학회지 Vol.2 No.3

Purpose: Interleukin 1$\beta$ (IL-1$\beta$) polymorphisms are associated with hypochlorhydria, atrophic gastritis, and increased risk of gastric cancer in Caucasians. We tried to determine whether the IL-1.. and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 RN) genetic polymorphisms contribute to the development of gastric cancer and the specific type of gastritis in Korean. Materials and Methods: The study population was comprised of 128 gastric cancer patients with histologically proven carcinoma and 63 normal healthy individuals. Sixty-eight carcinomas were of intestinal-type and sixty tumors were of diffuse-type. No patient had a familial gastric cancer history. The 511 bp and 31 bp polymorphisms in the IL-1.. were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The polymorphism of the IL-1 RN was analyzed with variable number tandem repeat after PCR. Results: The genotype of 511C/-31T of IL-1$\beta$ and allele 1 of IL-1 RN was dominant in the present subjects. The allelic frequencies of the C allele IL-1$\beta$, which is a high risk genotype for gastric cancer, were 0.551 and 0.429 in gastric cancer and normal controls, respectively. Statistically, significant difference in allelic frequencies of three polymorphic sites between gastric cancer patients and normal controls, and between intestinal-type and diffuse-type was not observed. Conclusions: These results suggest that the polymorphisms of IL-1$\beta$ and IL-1 RN may not contribute to the development of Korean gastric caner and that other endogenous or exogenous factors will be important for gastric carcinogenesis.

식물 유성 생식과정에서 후성유전학적 정보해석 및 연구현황

정유진,조용구,강권규,Jung, Yu Jin,Cho, Yong-Gu,Kang, Kwon Kyoo 한국식물생명공학회 2017 식물생명공학회지 Vol.44 No.1

Rapid progress in epigenetic studies has resulted in genome wide information of genetic functions, other than DNA sequence information. However, insufficient understanding and unclear research direction in epigenetics has failed to attract many researchers. Here, we review the sexual reproduction processes that are particularly related to epigenetics in plants. We aim to elucidate the roles of epigenetic information and molecular mechanisms involved in the complex sexual reproduction process of plants, and examine their biological significance.

한국인 위암에서 KLF4 단백 발현 양상

송재휘,조용구,김창재,박조현,김수영,남석우,이석형,유남진,이정용,박원상,Song, Jae-Hwi,Cho, Yong-Gu,Kim, Chang-Jae,Park, Cho-Hyun,Kim, Su-Young,Nam, Suk-Woo,Lee, Sug-Hyung,Yoo, Nam-Jin,Lee, Jung-Young,Park, Won-Sang 대한위암학회 2005 대한위암학회지 Vol.5 No.3

목적: Zinc finger를 가진 KLF4는 위장관 상피세포의 항상성 유지에 중요한 역할을 하는 종양억제유전자이다. 연구자들은 KLF4 단백의 발현 변화가 위암의 발생에 관여하는지를 파악하고 위암의 병리 지표들과 연관성이 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 84예의 파라핀 포매된 위암조직에서 암세포들을 각각 3군데에서 펀치하여 새로운 파라핀 블록으로 옮겨 위암의 tissue microarray를 제작하였다. Tissue microarray 절편에서 KLF4 단백에 대한 항체로 면역화학염색을 실시한 후 발현 양상을 병리 지표들인 조직학적 소견, 침습 정도, 림프절 전이 및 복막파종 등과의 연관성을 조사하였다. 결과: KLF4 단백은 위점막의 표면과 소와 상피세포의 세포질과 핵에서 주로 발현되고 있었고 조사된 위암 84예 중 43예(51.2%)에서 발현이 현저히 저하되어 있거나 소실되어 있었다. 이러한 KLF4 단백의 발현 소실은 조직학적 소견, 침습 정도, 림프절 전이 및 복막파종과는 통계적으로 연관성이 없었다. 결론: 이러한 연구 결과는 KLF4 단백의 발현 소실이 위장관 상피세포의 비정상적인 성장과 분화를 유도하고 위암의 발생 초기에 관여한다는 것을 의미한다. Purpose: KLF4, a member of the KLF family, is a zinc finger tumor suppressor protein that is critical for gastric epithelial homeostasis. Our aim was to determine whether the altered expression of KLF4 might be associated with gastric cancer development and, if so, to determine to which pathologic parameter it is linked. Materials and Methods: For the construction of the gastric cancer tissue microarray, 84 paraffin-embedded tissues containing gastric cancer areas were cored 3 times and transferred to the recipient master block. The expression pattern of KLF4 was examined on tissue microarray slides by using immunohistochemistry and was compared with pathologic parameters, including histologic type, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and peritoneal dissemination. Results: The KLF4 protein was expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus of superficial and foveolar epithelial cells in the normal gastric mucosa. We found markedly reduced or loss of KLF4 expression in 43 (51.2%) of the 84 gastric cancer tissues. There was no significant correlation between KLF4 expression and pathologic parameters, including histologic type, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and peritoneal dissemination. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that altered expression of KLF4 may contribute to abnormal regulation of gastrointestinal epithelial cell growth and differentiation and to the development of Korean gastric cancer, as an early event.

유식물 발달과정에서 브라시노스테로이드와 앱시스산 신호전달의 상호작용 연구

김혜민,홍정의,조용구,강권규,류호진,Kim, Hyemin,Hong, Jeongeui,Cho, Yong-Gu,Kang, Kwon Kyoo,Ryu, Hojin 한국식물생명공학회 2017 식물생명공학회지 Vol.44 No.3

식물의 유일한 활성 스테로이드 호르몬인 Brassinosteroid (BR)는 다양한 내재적 또는 외부 신호 전달 경로와의 통합적인 결합을 통해 식물의 생장 및 발달 과정에서 중요한 기능을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 최근 식물학 연구들은 종자의 발아와 초기 발달과정에서 BR과 ABA 사이의 필수적인 상호작용 메커니즘이 존재하고 있음을 보고하고 있다. 하지만 이들 두 호르몬의 중요한 신호전달 상호작용에 대한 분자 메커니즘은 거의 알려지지 않았다. 식물의 초기 발달과정에서 BR에 의해 매개되는 ABA 신호전달과의 기능학적, 생물학적 상호작용 네트워크를 이해하기 위해 Agilent Arabidopsis $4{\times}44K$ 올리고 칩을 사용하여 비교 전사체 분석을 수행하였다. ABA에 반응하지 않는 bes1-D 돌연변이체에서의 ABA 처리에 따른 다양한 유전자의 발현 패턴을 야생형 식물과 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 발현의 변화가 발생하는 유전자(DEGs) 2,353개를 확인하였다. GO 분석을 통해 ABA 신호전달 및 대사에 관여하는 유전자들이 BR 신호전달 경로에 의해 하향 조절되는 것으로 확인되었다. 뿐만 아니라, BR 신호전달 경로는 다양한 비생물학적/생물학적 스트레스, 오옥신 및 ROS 등 다양한 신호전달 체계와 밀접하게 연관되어 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 BR 신호전달의 활성화는 ABA 신호전달에 관여하는 다양한 유전자들의 발현을 억제함을 확인하였다. 또한 본 연구는 다양한 신호 경로 사이의 상호작용이 다양한 환경요인에 대한 식물의 적응 반응에 중요하게 작용할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다. Brassinosteroid (BR), a plant steroid hormone, plays a critical role in the growth and developmental processes through its canonical signaling and crosstalk with various internal and external signaling pathways. Recent studies have revealed the essential interplay mechanisms between BR and ABA during seed germination and early seedling establishment. However, molecular mechanisms for this important signaling crosstalk are largely unknown. To understand the crosstalk between BR-mediated signaling pathways and ABA functions during early seedling development, we carried out a comparative genome-wide transcriptome analysis with an Agilent Arabidopsis $4{\times}44K$ oligo chip. We selected and compared the expression patterns of ABA response genes in ABA-insensitive bes1-D mutant with wild type seedlings on which ABA was exogenously applied. As a result, we identified 2,353 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ABA-treated bes1-D and wild type seedlings. GO enrichment analysis revealed that ABA signaling, response, and metabolism were critically down-regulated by BR-activated signaling pathways. In addition, the genome-wide transcriptome analysis data revealed that BR-regulated signaling pathways were tightly connected to diverse signal cues including abiotic/biotic stress, auxin, ROS etc. In this study, we newly identified the molecular mechanisms of BR-mediated repression of ABA signaling outputs. Also, our data suggest that interplay among diverse signaling pathways is critical for the adaptive response of the plant to various environmental factors.