연구논문 : 산업 발생 노르말헥산과 벤젠 증기의 저온 분해

조완근 ( Wan Kuen Jo ),이준엽 ( Joon Yeob Lee ),강정환 ( Jung Hwan Kang ),신승호 ( Seung Ho Shin ),권기동 ( Kl Dong Kwon ),김모근 ( Mo Geun Kim ) 한국환경과학회 2006 한국환경과학회지 Vol.15 No.7

염소계 탄화수소의 열촉매 분해와 황화합물에 의한 촉매독 영향 평가

조완근(Wan Kuen Jo),신승호(Seung Ho Shin),양창희(Chang Hee Yang),김모근(Mo Geun Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2007 대한환경공학회지 Vol.29 No.5

다양한 산업체에서 배출되는 독성오염물질들을 제어하는 기존의 기술이 안고 있는 일부 단점을 보완하기 위하여 전이금속 지지체로 구성된 스테인레스스틸-백금 촉매를 이용하는 열촉매 시스템을 구축하고 다섯 가지의 염소계 탄화수소[chlorobenzene(CHB), chloroform(CHF), perchloroethylene(PCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane(TCEthane), trichloroethylene(TCE)]의 열촉매 분해효율을 평가하기 위해서 본 연구가 수행되었다. 또한, 본 연구는 촉매독이 열촉매 분해 효율에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 열촉매 시스템의 주요 세 가지 운전인자인 유입농도, 소각 온도 및 촉매시스템내 체류시간이 본 연구에서 고려되었다. 유입농도가 증가함에 따라 염소계탄화수소의 분해효율이 최대 100%에서 오염물질의 종류에 따라 최저 0%(CHB) 가까이로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. TCEthane을 제외한 네 가지 염소계탄화수소의 분해효율은 온도 증가에 따라 100% 가까게 나타났으나, TCEthane의 분해효율은 온도가 증가해도 거의 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났다. TCEthane을 제외한 조사대상물질에 대하여 촉매시스템내의 체류시간이 10초에서 60초로 증가시 오염물질에 따라 30%에서 97%까지 점진적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었지만, TCEthane은 체류시간 30초에서 분해효율이 더 이상 증가하지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 체류시간 길이가 항상 분해효율과 비례하는 것이 아님을 제안한다. 결론적으로, 본 연구 결과는 염소계 탄화수소를 보다 고효율로 제어하기 위해서 전이금속 촉매시스템을 적용할 경우에 유입농도, 반응온도, 그리고 촉매시스템내 체류시간과 더불어 제어하고자하는 오염물질의 종류도 함께 고려되어야 할 것을 제안한다. 한편으로, 황화메틸 1.0 ppm을 첨가함으로서 조사대상오염물질의 분해효율이 0∼50%로 감소하는 결과가 나타났지만, 일반적으로 산업 배기가스에서 측정되는 황화합물의 오염도 수준보다 다소 낮은 농도에 해당하는 황화메틸 0.1 ppm을 오염물질에 첨가하였을 때는 오염물질의 분해효율에 영향이 나타나지 않았다. To overcome certain disadvantages of past typical control techniques for toxic contaminants emitted from various industrial processes, the current study was conducted to establish a thermal catalytic system using mesh-type transition-metal platinum(Pt)/stainless steel(SS) catalyst and to evaluate catalytic thermal destruction of five chlorinated hydrocarbons[chlorobenzene(CHB), chloroform(CHF), perchloroethylene(PCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane(TCEthane), trichloroethylene(TCE)]. In addition, this study evaluated the catalyst poison effect on the catalytic thermal destruction. Three operating parameters tested for the thermal catalyst system included the inlet concentrations, the incineration temperature, and the residence time in the catalyst system. The thermal decomposition efficiency decreased from the highest value of 100% to the lowest value of almost 0%(CHB) as the input concentration increased, depending upon the type of chlorinated compounds. The destruction efficiencies of the four target compounds, except for TCEthane, increased upto almost 100% as the reaction temperature increased, whereas the destruction efficiency for TCEthane did not significantly vary. For the target compounds except for TCEthane, the catalytic destruction efficiencies increased up to 30% to 97% as the residence time increased from 10 sec to 60 sec, but the increase of destruction efficiency for TCEthane stopped at the residence time of 30 sec, suggesting that long residence times are not always proper for thermal destruction of VOCs, when considering the destruction efficiency and operation costs of thermal catalytic system together. Conclusively, the current findings suggest that when applying the transition-metal catalyst for the better destruction of chlorinated hydrocarbons, VOC type should be considered, along with their inlet concentrations, and reaction temperature and residence time in catalytic system. Meanwhile, the addition of high methyl sulfide(1.8 ppm) caused a drop of 0 to 50% in the removal efficiencies of the target compounds, whereas the addition of low methyl sulfide (0.1 ppm), which is lower than the concentrations of sulfur compounds measured in typical industrial emissions, did not cause.

연구논문 : 공기 중 메틸에틸케톤 제어를 위한 Pilot-Scale 흡수 시스템의 운영인자 분석

조완근 ( Wan Kuen Jo ),김왕태 ( Wang Tae Kim ) 한국환경과학회 2011 한국환경과학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Unlike many laboratory-scale studies on absorption of organic compounds (VOCs), limited pilot-scale studies have been reported. Accordingly, the present study was carried out to examine operation parameters for the effective control of a hydrophilic VOC (methyl ethyl ketone, MEK) by applying a circular pilot-scale packed-absorption system (inside diameter 37 cm × height 167 cm). The absorption efficiencies of MEK were investigated for three major operation parameters: input concentration, water flow rate, and ratio of gas flow-rate to washing water amount (water-to-gas ratio). The experimental set-up comprised of the flow control system, generation system, recirculation system, packed-absorption system, and outlet system. For three MEK input concentrations (300, 350, and 750 ppm), absorption efficiencies approached near 95% and then, decreased gradually as the operation time increased, thereby suggesting a non-steady state condition. Under these conditions, higher absorption efficiencies were shown for lower input concentration conditions, which were consistent with those of laboratory-scale studies. However, a steady state condition occurred for two input concentration conditions (100 and 200ppm), and the difference in absorption efficiencies between these two conditions were insignificant. As supported by an established gas-liquid absorption theory, a higher water flow rate exhibited a greater absorption efficiency. Moreover, as same with the laboratory-scale studies, the absorption efficiencies increased as water-to-gas ratios increased. Meanwhile, regardless of water flow rates or water-to-gas ratios, as the operation time of the absorption became longer, the pH of water increased, but the elevation extent was not substantial (maximum pH difference, 1.1).

연구논문 : 산업단지 내 저층과 고층 아파트의 외기 중 호흡성분진과 일산화탄소 수준

조완근 ( Wan Kuen Jo ),이준엽 ( Joon Yeob Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2006 한국환경과학회지 Vol.15 No.8

연구논문 : 대구지역 주요 도로변 대기오염물질의 농도 특성

조완근 ( Wan Kuen Jo ),최성락 ( Sung Rak Choi ) 한국환경과학회 2006 한국환경과학회지 Vol.15 No.8

가정용 모기살충제의 배출 특성 및 배출계수를 이용한 실내 휘발성 유기화합물질 노출 평가

조완근 ( Wan Kuen Jo ),이종효 ( Jong Hyo Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2009 한국환경과학회지 Vol.18 No.10

This study was designed to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the pollutant compositions, which were emitted from three types of mosquito repellents(MRs)(mat-, liquid-vaporized, and coil-type) by utilizing a 50-L environmental chamber. A qualitative analysis revealed that 42 compounds were detected on the gas chromatography/mass spectrometer system, and that the detection frequency depended upon chemical types. Nine of the 42 compounds exhibited a detection frequency of 100%. Four aromatic compounds(benzene, ethyl benzene, toluene, and xylene) were detected in all test MRs. The concentration equilibriums in the environmental chamber were achieved within 180 min after sample introduction. The coil-type MR represented higher chamber concentrations as compared with the mat- or liquid-vaporized-type MR, with respect to the target compounds except for naphthalene. In particular, the chamber concentrations of ethyl benzene, associated with the use of coil-type MR, were between 0.9 and 65 mg m-3, whereas those of mat- and liquid-vaporized-type MRs were between 0.5 and 2.0 mg m-3 and 0.3 and 1.4 mg m-3, respectively. However, naphthalene concentrations in the chamber, where a liquid-vaporized-type MR was placed, were measured as between 17.8 and 56.3 mg m-3, but not detected in the chamber, where a mat- or coil-type MR was placed. The empirical model fitted well with the time-series concentrations in the environmental chamber(in most cases, determination coefficient, R2≥09), thereby suggesting that the model was suitable for testing emissions. In regards to the target compounds except for benzene, although they were emitted from the MRs, health risk from individual exposure to them were estimated not to be significant when comparing exposure levels with no observed adverse exposure levels or lowest observed adverse exposure levels of corresponding compounds. However, it was concluded that the use of MRs could be an important indoor source as regards benzene.

이산화티타늄 담지 섬유형 활성탄소의 특성 및 악취오염물질 제어를 위한 응용

조완근(Wan-Kuen Jo),황은송(Eun-Song Hwang),양성봉(Sung-Bong Yang) 한국청정기술학회 2011 청정기술 Vol.17 No.1

생활환경 수준의 이황화 메틸과 같은 황화 유기화합물의 제어를 위하여 섬유형 활성탄소-이산화 티타늄 복합재를 이용한 연구는 아직까지 보고되지 않고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 섬유형 활성탄소-이산화 티타늄 복합재를 제조하여 엑스선 회절법, 입자 비표면 측정법 및 적외선 분광법을 이용하여 광학적/표면 특성을 조사하고 활성을 평가하기 위하여 황화 이메틸의 제거 효율을 결정하였다. 섬유형 활성탄소-이산화티타늄 복합재의 물리적/표면 특성 조사에서 이 복합재가 광촉매적 활성도를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 비표면적, 총 기공크기, 마이크로 기공크기 및 메조 기공크기의 경우에 이산화티타늄 코팅량이 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 그러나 평균 기공크기는 이산화티타늄 코팅량이 증가함에 따라 오히려 증가하였다. 또한, 코팅된 이산화티타늄이 섬유형 활성탄소 자체의 황화 이메틸에 대한 흡착능에 영향을 거의 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 섬유형 활성탄소-이산화 티타늄 복합재의 활성도 조사시험에서, 황화 이메틸의 초기 제거효율은 4가지 유량 조건(0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 L/min)에서 각각 93, 78, 71 및 57%로 나타났고, 4가지 유량 조건 모두에서 2시간째에는 제거효율이 다소 감소하였다가 그 이후에는 거의 일정하게 유지되었다. 유사 평형상태에서, 황화 이메틸 평균 제거효율은 4가지 유량 조건에서 각각 75, 58, 53 및 36%로 나타났다. 한편, 섬유형 활성탄소-이산화티타늄 복합재의 표면상에서 부산물들은 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 이용한 실험 조건에서, 섬유형 활성탄소-이산화티타늄 복합재가 부산물에 의한 큰 영향 없이 생활환경 수준의 황화 이메틸을 제어하는데 활용될 수 있는 것으로 제안된다. The application of fibrous activated carbon (FAC)-titanium dioxide (TiO₂) hybrid system has not been reported yet for the control of malodorous dimethyl sulfide (DMS) at residential environmental levels. Accordingly, the current study was designed not only to characterize this hybrid system using x-ray diffraction method, particulate surface measurement and Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) method, but also to evaluate its adsorptional photocatalytic activity (APA) for the DMS removal. The physical/surface characteristics of FAC-TiO₂ which was prepared in this study suggested that the hybrid material might have certain APA for DMS. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific area, total pore volume, micropore volume and mesopore volume decreased all as the TiO₂ amounts coated on FAC increased, whereas the reverse was true for average pore diameter. TiO₂ coated onto FAC did not influence the adsorptional activity of FAC for the DMS input concentration of 0.5 ppm. The APA test of the hybrid material presented that the initial removal efficiencies of DMS were 93, 78, 71 and 57% for the flow rates of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 L/min, respectively, and they decreased somewhat 2 h after the experiment started and kept almost constant for the rest experimental period. Under this pseudo-equilibrium condition, the DMS removal efficiencies were 78, 58, 53 and 36% for the four flow rates, respectively. Meanwhile, there were no significant byproducts observed on the surfaces of the hybrid material. Consequently, this study suggests that, under the experimental conditions used in the present study, the hybrid material can be applied for DMS at residential environment levels without being interfered by any byproducts.

산화티타늄 코팅 건축자재를 이용한 질소산화물 및 퍼클로로에틸렌 분해 평가

조완근(Wan Kuen Jo),김진관(Jin Kwan Kim),전희동(Hee Dong Chun),박건호(Kun Ho Park) 大韓環境工學會 2004 대한환경공학회지 Vol.26 No.12

초음파-수열합성 적용 가시광 활성 일차원 금속산화물 도핑 반도체 나노소재를 이용한 방향족 휘발성 탄화수소 제어효율 평가

조완근 ( Wan-kuen Jo ),신승호 ( Seung-ho Shin ),최정학 ( Jeong-hak Choi ),이준엽 ( Joon Yeob Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2018 한국환경과학회지 Vol.27 No.11

In this study, we evaluated the photocatalytic oxidation efficiency of aromatic volatile hydrocarbons by using WO₃-doped TiO₂ nanotubes (WTNTs) under visible-light irradiation. One-dimensional WTNTs were synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method and impregnation. XRD analysis revealed successful incorporation of WO₃ into TiO₂ nanotube (TNT) structures. UV-Vis spectra exhibited that the synthesized WTNT samples can be activated under visible light irradiation. FE-SEM and TEM images showed the one-dimensional structure of the prepared TNTs and WTNTs. The photocatalytic oxidation efficiencies of toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene were higher using WTNT samples than undoped TNT. These results were explained based on the charge separation ability, adsorption capability, and light absorption of the sample photocatalysts. Among the different light sources, light-emitting-diodes (LEDs) are more highly energy-efficient than 8-W daylight used for the photocatalytic oxidation of toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene, though the photocatalytic oxidation efficiency is higher for 8-W daylight.

니코틴 광분해를 위한 산회티타늄 코팅 건축자재 활용

조완근(Wan Kuen Jo),전희동(Hee Dong Chun) 大韓環境工學會 2006 대한환경공학회지 Vol.28 No.3