3T Multi Voxel Spectroscopy에서 SENSE와 NEX 변화에 따른 정상인 뇌 대사물질 변화 분석

성열훈,임재동,이재현,조성봉,우동철,최보영,Seong, Yeol-Hun,Rhim, Jae-Dong,Lee, Jae-Hyun,Cho, Sung-Bong,Woo, Dong-Chul,Choe, Bo-Young 한국의학물리학회 2008 의학물리 Vol.19 No.4

자기공명분광법(magnetic resonance spectroscopy: MRS)은 인체내 대사물질을 정량분석하여 병변의 조기진단 및 정밀진단에 도움을 주고 있으며, 최근 임상에 이용되고 있는 자기공명분광법은 single voxel spectroscopy (SVS) 기법과 multi voxel spectroscopy (MVS) 기법이 있다. 본 연구에서는 SENSE와 NEX를 변화시킨 multi voxel spectroscopy (MVS)의 데이터와 기존 single voxel spectroscopy (SVS)의 데이터를 비교 분석하여, 각각의 데이터의 유의성 차이를 평가하고자 하였다. 정상 성인 지원자 13명(남자: 5명, 여자: 8명, 평균 41세, 표준편차 11.65세)을 대상으로 chemical shift image (CSI)를 이용한 MVS검사를 시행하였다. 장비는 3.0T Achieva Release Version 2.1 (Philips Medical System, Netherland)을 이용하였고, 8 channel head coil을 사용하여 brain thalamus 부위에서 CSI spectrum을 1 slice 획득하였다. Scan parameter로는 FOV (field of view): $230{\times}184mm^2$, TR (time to repetition): 2000 msec, TE (time to echo): 288 msec, matrix: $15{\times}12$, VOI(view of interest): $110{\times}110mm^2$, voxel size: $15{\times}15{\times}15mm^3$로 하였다. SENSE factor (S)와 NEX (N)는 S1*N1, S2*N1, S2*N2, S3*N2로 변화하여 스펙트럼을 획득하였고, 각 scan time은 5분 54초, 3분 32초, 6분 20초, 4분 20초였다. 얻은 모든 MRS 데이터는 jMRUI 3.0 Version 프로그램에서 분석하였고, SENSE factor와 NEX를 변화시켜 얻은 MVS data 그룹들이 정상 성인 뇌 대사물질의 변화에 영향을 주는지 검증하기 위해 그룹 간에 ANOVA분석을 실행하여 P 값이 0.05보다 크게 나오면 그룹들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없다고 분석하였다. NAA/Cr과 Cho/Cr의 상대적 비율은 MV와 SVS사이에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 즉, SENSE factor와 NEX를 변화시켜 얻은 MVS data에서 정상 성인 뇌조직의 대사물질의 변화를 관찰한 결과, S1*N1의 NAA/Cr은 $1.45{\pm}0.03$, Cho/Cr은 $0.88{\pm}0.03$이고, S2*N1의 NAA/Cr은 $1.44{\pm}0.03$, Cho/Cr은 $0.87{\pm}0.05$, S2*N2의 NAA/Cr은 $1.43{\pm}0.02$, Cho/Cr은 $0.87{\pm}0.04$이며, S3*N2의 NAA/Cr은 $1.45{\pm}0.03$, Cho/Cr은 $0.87{\pm}0.03$으로 나타났다(F-value : 1.37, D.F : 3, P-value : 0.262). 그러나 데이터의 질을 측정하기 위한 MVS 데이터의 NAA Peak line-width는 SVS 데이터의 NAA Peak line-width 보다 약 3배 정도 넓었다. 본 연구에서는 MVS에서 SENSE factor와 NEX 값을 다양하게 변화시킨 MVS의 데이터와 SVS의 데이터가 큰 차이가 없음을 확인하였다. 즉, 어는 특정 부위의 뇌 조직의 대사물질은 MVS와 SVS 기법 모두 큰 차이가 없음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로 MVS는 SVS보다 광범한 부위를 짧은 시간 안에 검사할 수 있으므로 매우 유용한 방법이라고 사료된다. To evaluate the metabolic changes in normal adult brains due to alterations SENSE and NEX (number of excitation) by multi voxel MR Spectroscopy at 3.0 Tesla. The study group was composed of normal volunteers (5 men and 8 women) with a mean ($\pm$ standard deviation) age of 41 (${\pm}11.65$). Their ages ranged from 28 to 61 years. MR Spectroscopy was performed with a 3.0T Achieva Release Version 2.0 (Philips Medical System-Netherlands). The 8 channel head coil was employed for MRS acquisition. The 13 volunteers underwent multi voxel spectroscopy (MVS) and single voxel spectroscopy (SVS) on the thalamus area with normally gray matter. Spectral parameters were as follows: 15 mm of thickness; 230 mm of FOV (field of view); 2000 msecs of repetition time (TR); 288 msecs of echo time (TE); $110{\times}110$ mm of VOI (view of interest); $15{\times}15{\times}15$ mm of voxel size. Multi voxel spectral parameters were made using specially in alteration of SENSE factor (1~3) and 1~2 of NEX. All MRS data were processed by the jMRUI 3.0 Version. There was no significant difference in NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratio between MVS and SVS likewise the previous results by Ross and coworkers in 1994. In addition, despite the alterations of SENSE factor and NEX in MVS, the metabolite ratios were not changed (F-value : 1.37, D.F : 3, P-value : 0.262). However, line-width of NAA peak in MVS was 3 times bigger than that in SVS. In the present study, we demonstrated that the alterations of SENSE factor and NEX were not critically affective to the result of metabolic ratios in the normal brain tissue.

음악을 이용한 걷기운동의 스트레스 호르몬 변화

조성봉(Cho Seong-Bong) 한국체육과학회 2008 한국체육과학회지 Vol.17 No.3

This study is to compare the difference of stress hormones secretion during walking exercise with sound music and then is to analyze the difference among physiological variables following with the music walking exercise . The result is as follows. 1th, There is a significant difference on ACTH, group and term for during interaction. also significant difference on group and treatment. 2th, There is a significant difference on epinephrine, group and term for during interaction. also significant difference on group and treatment. 3th, There is a no-significant difference on norepinephrine, group and term for during no-interaction. but significant difference on treatment. 4th, There is a significant difference on cortisol, group and term for during interaction. also significant difference on group and treatment.

야외기구운동을 통한 고령여성의 노화호르몬과 성호르몬의 변화

조성봉(Cho, Seong-Bong),김도진(Kim, Do-Jin) 한국체육과학회 2014 한국체육과학회지 Vol.23 No.5

The purpose of the study to determine the change of outdoor exercise equipment of elderly women on aging hormone and sex hormone. 16 elderly women, the exercise was performed on the experimental group which composed the program based on outdoor exercise equipment for 12 weeks, 5 times a week and for 60 minutes each time. Hormone was tested for before the period(0, 4, 8, 12 week) in the outdoor exercise equipment program, after 12 weeks. And technical statistics was used for the summary of measurable variables about the one groups and the one-way RM(4) ANOVA was utilized to verify the effect after handling with the outdoor exercise program. The following result has been obtained through this procedure. Aging hormone(DHEAs, melatonin) show significant effect depending on the outdoor exercise. Sex hormone(estrogen, testosterone) show significant effect depending on the outdoor exercise.

중년남성의 단식과 저항운동이 비만 및 당대사변인에 미치는 영향

조성봉(Cho, Seong-Bong) 한국체육과학회 2014 한국체육과학회지 Vol.23 No.5

This study intended to survey the effect of the fasting and resistance exercise of middle aged men on obesity and glycometabolism. To answer to this survey, the exercise was performed on the experimental group which composed the program based on the fasting and the resistance exercise group based on weight exercise for 12 weeks, fasting 2 times a week, 3 times a week and for 60 minutes each time. Obesity and glycometabolism were tested for before the participation in the fasting and resistance exercise program, after 12 weeks. And, technical statistics was used for the summary of measurable variables about the two groups and the 2*2 RGRM ANOVA was utilized to verify the effect after handling with the fasting and resistance exercise program. The following result has been obtained through this procedure. The weight, BMI and fat show significant interaction effect depending on the fasting and resistance exercise. In the technical statistics, there showed an decrease in the fasting and resistance exercise group. The insulin and leptin did show significant interaction effect depending on the fasting and resistance exercise. In the technical statistics, there showed an decrease in the fasting and resistance exercise group.

저강도 유산소 운동이 중년여성의 혈관탄성 변화에 미치는 영향

조성봉(Cho Seong-Bong),목진환(Mok Jin-Hwan) 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.4

The purpose of study is to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise on vascular compliance and blood pressure in middle-aged women. In this study, aerobic exercise program was performed and 20 subject were participated for study during 16weeks, on group as experimental group 7 and the other as control group 7. Analytical items blood pressure, vascular compliance. Analysis for variables was performed between pre and post after exercise intervention for next 16 weeks. The result is as follows. 1th, In the change of left arm, right arm, left leg, right leg was interaction significantly. 2th, In the change of blood pressure(SBP, DBP) was interaction significantly.

줄넘기운동이 지적장애아동의 골반교정 복부비만에 미치는 영향

조성봉(Cho Seong-Bong),배성언(Bae Sung-On) 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.3

The purpose of this research were twofold. This research was to examine the effect of a 24-week jump rope exercise on pelvis correction and abdominal obesity of children with intellectual disability. The subjects of this research were 30 male elementary school students aged 10 to 13 diagnosed as boundary rate of mental retardation whose BMI (a measure of someone's weight in relation to height) was over 25. These subjects were divided into experimental group (15 persons) and control group (15 persons) and were investigated an effect on the change of pelvis tilts and abdominal obesity. It adopts 'Formetric-Ⅲ', 3-D analysis system, to test the change of pelvis tilts and 'InBody 720' (Biospace, Korea, 2005) to measure BMI. In order to analyse data by research purpose, it analyzed the difference between experimental and control groups by using 2-way 2x2 Mixed ANOVA and sets statistical significance to α=.05. The above analysis showed that the jump rope exercise has a positive effect not only on pelvis correction but also on abdominal obesity. That is to say, the jump rope exercise is effective for improved pelvis correction to correct bad spines and for improved abdominal obesity to medical problems and low quality of life and body deformation.

골프스윙프로그램이 비만관련 혈중지질과 염증성 사이토카인에 미치는 영향

조성봉(Cho, Seong-Bong),김도진(Kim, Do-Jin) 한국체육과학회 2015 한국체육과학회지 Vol.24 No.1

This study intended to survey the effect of the golf swing program of the twenties men on obesity blood lipid and cytokines. To answer to this survey, the exercise was performed on the experimental group which composed the program based on the golf swing program exercise group 8 weeks, 5 times a week and for 60 minutes each time. Obesity blood lipid and cytokines were tested for before the participation in the golf swing program, after 8 weeks. And, technical statistics was used for the summary of measurable variables about the two groups and the two-way mixed ANOVA was utilized to verify the effect after handling with the golf swing program. The following result has been obtained through this procedure. The fat, TG. HDL and LDL show significant interaction effect depending on the golf swing program. In the technical statistics, there showed an increase in the golf swing program. The IL-6 and TNF-al did show non-significant on the golf swing program.

비만여성의 복합트레이닝이 대사성위험인자 및 C-반응단백에 미치는 영향

조성봉(Cho, Seong Bong),김도진(Kim, Do-Jin) 한국체육과학회 2015 한국체육과학회지 Vol.24 No.4

This study intended to survey the effect of the combined training program of the sixties women on metabolic risk factors and C-reactive protein. To answer to this survey, the exercise was performed on the exercise group which composed the program based on the combined training program exercise group 12 weeks, 4 times a week and for 60 minutes each time. Metabolic risk factors and C-reactive protein were tested for before the participation in the combined training program, after 12 weeks. And, technical statistics was used for the summary of measurable variables about the two groups and the two-way RGRM ANOVA was utilized to verify the effect after handling with the combined training. The following result has been obtained through this procedure. First, SBP, DBP, FAT, HDL, LDL and TG show significant interaction effect depending on the combined training. Second, C-reactive protein show non-significant on the combined training.

노인여성의 복합운동이 혈중지질 및 LDHㆍCPK에 미치는 효과

조성봉(Cho, Seong-Bong),목진환(Mok, Jin-Hwan) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.6

This research mainly purposes to look into relationship among lifestyle factors for marketing mix and intention of reuse of fitness center customer. For this intention 4 fitness centers were chosen in Seoul and samples were gathered by convenience sampling. The number of samples are 100 in each center, and 372 were used as effective samples for the research except inappropriate questionnaires such as untruthful response, omission, indefiniteness, duplicate and deflective entry. statistical methods - frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, path analysis etc, - were used by a program, SPSS14.0. The results based on the purpose and the methods are as follows. First, lifestyle of the fitness center customer affects marketing mix factors. Second, lifestyle of the fitness center customer affects the intention of reusing the center. Third, the marketing mix for the fitness center customer affects the intention of reuse. Forth, there is connection among lifestyle, marketing mix factors, intention for reuse of the fitness center customer. That is, the lifestyle affects intention for reuse by factors of marketing mix.

걷기운동과 CLA섭취가 신체구성 및 혈중지질에 미치는 효과

조성봉(Cho, Seong-Bong),김도진(Kim, Do-Jin) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.6

The purpose of this study is to investigate that the effect of ingesting Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and having walking exercises for 8 weeks to body composition, blood lipidy of female college students. The results are listed below. First, according to the results, data was collected by means of both groups had CLA and walking exercise were increased about fat free mass, fat mass and abdominal fat after 8 weeks of walking exercise program. Second, according to the results, data was collected by means of both groups had CLA and walking exercise were interaction about TC, TG, HDL and LDL after 8 weeks of walking exercise program.